What are several examples of internal management, management prepared information that ordinarily would not be communicated externally?  Why?

CHAPTER 1-2Discussion Question 1What are several examples of internal management, management prepared information that ordinarily would not be communicated externally? Why?Discussion Question 2Why is knowledge of accounting terms and concepts useful to persons other than professional accountants?Assignment1 What is the definition of Internal Controls, and what are the five components of COSO’s internal control framework? 2 What is the basic accounting equation? Briefly define the three primary elements in the equation and examples of each. ——————————————————————————————-CHAPTER 3Discussion Question 1When do accountants consider revenue to be realized? What basic question about recording revenue in accounting records is answered by the Realization Principle? Would our answer to the timing of recognizing revenue differ it the business is on the accrual basis of accounting versus the cash basis of accounting?AssignmentHow do dividends affect the balance sheet? Are they treated as a business expense? Explain? —————————————————————————————CHAPTER 4-5Discussion Question 1Why does the recording of adjusting entries require a better understanding of the concepts of accrual accounting than does the recording of routine revenue and expense transactions occurring throughout the period?Assignment1 Briefly explain the concept of materiality? If an item is not material, how is the item treated for financial reporting purposes?2 Prepare a fictitious balance sheet, statement of retained earnings, and income statement of a business. This fictitious business is located in the North Pole and manufactures toys and sells them to retail outlets such as Wal Mart and Toys R Us.

What information do you think it would take into account in forecasting initial sales?

1. Prepare a forecast for period 6 using each of these approaches:a. The appropriate naive approachb. A three-period moving averagec. A weighted average using weights of .5 (most recent), .3, and .2d. Exponential smoothing with a smoothing constant of .4PeriodNumber of Complaints1502623584535642. Two different forecasting techniques (F1 and F2) were used to forecast demand for cases of bottled water. Actual demand and the two sets of forecasts are as follows:PeriodDemandF1F21686669272747037574724737175Compute MAD for each set of forecasts. Given your results, which forecast to be the more accurate? Explain.Compute MSE for each set of forecasts given your results, which forecast appears to be the most accurate? Explain.3. Suppose a software producer is about to release a new version of its popular software.What information do you think it would take into account in forecasting initial sales?

Given your clinical experience, was the assessment comprehensive?

PLEASE FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTION BELOW, ZERO PLAGIARISM, TWO SEPARETE REFERENCES LESS THAN FIVE YEAR FOR EACH QUESTIONS, 7TH APA FORMATQuestions to the audienceGiven your clinical experience, was the assessment comprehensive?Did the subjective and objective assessment support the diagnosis?What should I improve in my presentations?

What is the overall main point the author is trying to convince you of?

First, read a news story from the newspaper or the Internet. Answer the following questions regarding your news story: 1) What is the main issue, who are the main actors being discussed; Second, read all the articles and watch all the videos assigned in this module. Answer the following questions regarding one of the assigned articles or videos: 1) What are the basics of this article/video (who, what, when, how, why, etc.); 2) What is the overall main point the author is trying to convince you of? 3) Do you agree with the author’s argument? Why? Why not? Finally, tie together your news story with what you learned from the assigned article and videos for this week. Type your answers using your own words, no outline or bullets, complete sentences and paragraphs, single-spaced, full-page.

Explain how ethical frameworks shape business decisions.

300 word minimum forum post.Course Objective: CO2. Explain how ethical frameworks shape business decisions.Prompt: Acme, Inc. is a clothing manufacturer that employees 1,500 people in the state of New York. Unfortunately, it has experienced two straight years of business losses and must increase profits in order to stay in business. Acme is bidding on a contract with a major retail chain, and must come in as the lowest bidder in order to win the contract. In order to cut costs, Acme is considering purchasing T-shirts from China from a company that is known for cheap labor and sweatshop conditions. Clearly state the ethical dilemma. Evaluate the scenario using the three ethical frameworks (utilitarianism, deontology and virtue ethics) that were discussed in the Halbert chapter in the lessons section. Identify which framework resonates with your own line of thinking.Instructions: Incorporate the required readings, as well as outside research, and support your statements. All material used must be cited.ReferencesMayer, D., Warner, D., Siedel, G. Lieberman, J., & Martina, A. (n.d.) Business Law and the Legal Environment. Washington, D. C.:Saylor Foundation. Retrieved from: https://www.saylor.org/site/textbooks/Business%20Law%20and%20the%20Legal%20Environment.pdfChapter 1: Introduction to Law and Legal SystemsChapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility and Business EthicsChapter 3: Courts and the Legal ProcessChapter 52: International LawFriedman, M. (1970, Sept. 13) The Social Responsibly of Business it to Increase its Profits. New York Times Magazine. Retrieved from

What statuses would you—or would you not—confer upon such groups?

After reading the Lesson Threematerial, go the the following link and watch the TED Talk by Sam Harris entitledScience Can Answer MoralQuestions:Afterward, please write an essay addressing the following questions.1. Freedom of speech, freedom of expression, and freedom of association are all values that we as Americans hold dear. Yet, we sometimes encounter ethical quandaries when individuals or groups who seek to proliferate ideasthat the majority would consider nefarious demand statuses of recognition and privilege normally reserved for more widely-accepted perspectives.Considerthis article(http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/white-nationalist-groups-nonprofit-status-article-1.2920346) on the implications of 501(c)(3) tax status awards for racist, white-nationalistpropaganda organizations. Consider the arguments on both sides of this public debate. One one hand, you have the argumentthat all Americans (and organizations) should be afforded equal rights,notwithstanding different points of view (remember Evelyn Beatrice Hall: “I do not agree with what you have to say, but I’ll defend to the death your right to say it”).On the other hand, you have the arguments that government tax incentives should not be subsidizing hate groups, and that the groups in question are unworthy of non-profit status becausethey operatein a deceptive manner (with misleadingly benign names) and are not really “educating” as the spirit of the law intended. What say you on this issue? Did the IRS err in these cases? Towhat rights are such groups entitled? What statuses would you—orwould you not—confer upon such groups?2. Suppose that someone who reads your answers to the first part of this assignment accuses you of bias. Another readerstates that your answer is “just your opinion,” and that there is nothing that makes your opinion more valid than anyone else’s. Defend yourself. How would you counter such charges? What makes your answermorethan just opinion?Submission Instructions:This assignment should at a minimum contain 2,000 words of content (double spaced) and should be in APA format including a properly formatted cover page (abstracts are optional) and a reference page with at least three (3) NEW references (“new” here means references that you have not already used in previous assignments in this course). Providing additional references to your assignments demonstrate your desire to conduct additional research on the topic area, and can improve your research skills

analyze and contrast the Introduction and Literature Review of the articles below.

Please analyze and contrast the Introduction and Literature Review of the articles below. All Articles can be found in EBSCO.· Briggeman, J. (2013). Paul Krugman.Econ Journal Watch,10(3), 400–410. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=94876820&site=ehost-live&authtype=uid&user=grantham&password=Research1951!· What’s Wrong with Economics: A Discussion Between Paul Krugman and Jeff Madrick. (2015).Challenge (05775132),58(2), 112–134.· Cochrane, J. H. (2011). How Did Paul Krugman Get It so Wrong?Economic Affairs,31(2), 36–40.You are expected to critically evaluate the three articles provided, identify themes and gaps, then synthesize what you have learned, keeping in mind Krugman’s economic impact. The paper should be a minimum of 1500 words in APA format.

Briefly discuss what is meant by moral “virtues” and “vices,” incorporating specific examples of each into your response.

PART I: SHORT ESSAYDirections: Please answer the following shot essay questions. Each question should have a 1 to 3 page response that addresses the questions. Remember to support your work with APA references and in-text citations. Please use proper APA format. Please visit the Academic Resource Center for concise APA guidelines.1. Briefly discuss what is meant by moral “virtues” and “vices,” incorporating specific examples of each into your response.2. Briefly describe Aristotle’s concept of the “Golden Mean,” providing at least one example of how it might be used to identify virtue in a particular scenario.3. Illustrating your answer where appropriate, briefly discuss the approach to justice emphasized by an ethic of care and how it might differ from conventional approaches to justice.4. Describe the difference between moral virtue and moral vice. As you think about criminal justice professionals (e.g., police officers, probation/parole officers, lawyers) list the five characteristics that you would argue are most typical of these kinds of professionals. Are these characteristics virtues or vices? Finally, list five characteristics that you feel would be ideal or desirable for such professionals to embody.5. Explain two requirements of living the “Examined Life.” Give examples of each.6. As the ethic of care requires us to consider situational factors before making decisions, what types of situational factors might be important in determining whether an arrest needs to be made in the following cases; solicitation of prostitution, possession of small quantities of illicit substances, a simple assault stemming from a drunken verbal confrontation at a bar, public intoxication, loitering.PART II: CASE STUDYReview the following videos that you viewed in the Lecture Notes.• • MacLeod, M. (n.d.) Aileen Wournos: Killer Who Preyed on Truck Drivers. Crime Library, Criminal Minds and Methods. Retrieved February 15, 2013, via http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/women/wuornos/1.html• • View YouTube video “Aileen Wuornos: Life and Death of a Serial Killer (Full Documentary)” (01:29:45 minutes). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trty0OObpK8Complete the following tasks:Watch the video and read the biography of Aileen Wournos (note there are 14 chapters to her story) on the website. Based on your research and the information contained in these videos, write a case study/research paper being sure to address the following questions and include additional information you feel is relevant and will add value to your submission. Remember to include correct APA format with a cover page, reference page, and in text citations. You should also utilize the LIRN Library through AAU for peer reviewed journal articles related to this topic. Your case study/research paper should be at least 3 pages in length.1. Summarize the events that took place in Aileen’s life, both in her life of a serial killer and her life as a victim.2. What ethical and moral implications does the life of Aileen Wournos have for the criminal justice system?3. Using an example from juvenile justice (e.g., teenage prostitution) explore how a virtuous or vicious character can give rise to “good” intentions, “right” actions, and “good” consequences. How does this translate to Aileen Wournos?4. How did Aileen’s prostitution contribute to her first killing and those that followed?5. Do you believe Aileen was turned into a “monster” by those that victimized her or do you believe she was just a bad person all along? Thoughts?6. Any additional thoughts on the topic of this crime ethically motivated by her tremendous anger for her victimizations she had suffered and the perceived need to provide for the only person who ever truly loved her?

Identify how aspects of the fundamental principles of management will be implemented and communicated to all personnel within the company.

Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed: I. Profile of a Struggling Company a. Assess how the current management planning practices interfere with or prohibit the organization’s ability to optimally function. You could consider using the fundamental principles of management in your explanation. [OL-215-01] b. Describe how the employees’ perception and organizational culture have been impacted by management’s performance. You could consider the connections between management and its impact on culture. [OL-215-05] c. Explain how communication has played a part in management’s inability to increase employee performance. You could consider the connections to specific communication barriers that exist within the organization. [OL-215-04] II. Management Plan Recommendations: For this section of the summative assessment, you will make recommendations for the management improvement plan. a. Describe how implementing the fundamental principles of management will help to improve the management process within your company. You could consider the factors that interfere with or prohibit effective management. [OL-215-03] b. Identify how aspects of the fundamental principles of management will be implemented and communicated to all personnel within the company. You could consider thinking about this from a training standpoint. [OL-215-04] c. Describe how the application of the fundamental principles of management will lead to increased employee performance. You could consider what needs to improve the most to help increase employee performance. [OL-215-04] d. Explain how applying ethical principles to the fundamental principles of management would be sustained and monitored by the company. You could consider using the rational decision-making model to show how this process can help with ensuring long-term success. [OL-215-02] III. Conclusion: For this section of the summative assessment, you will provide a summary of your recommended changes to the management improvement plan using examples revolving around the fundamental principles of management. a. Summarize how these management changes, based on the fundamental principles of management, will help to ensure organizational success. Be sure to provide examples of how these changes will have the most direct impact. [OL-215-05] Milestones Milestone One: Profile of a Struggling Company In Module Six, you will submit a one- to two-page document that will provide a profile of your chosen struggling company. This milestone will serve as a rough draft and must cover the three critical elements in Part I of Final Project Two. You are expected to provide a minimum of two to three paragraphs for each of the three critical elements, which include: current management planning, employee’s perception and organizational culture, and communication.

Identify three factors that are affecting airline company’s ability to break even

Issue one: Labor Cost“Labor cost consist of the cost of the work that goes into the manufacturing of a product or the execution of a service. Direct labor cost can be figured by multiplying the cost of labor per hour by the number of employee-hours required to complete the job. Business owners, however, need to keep in mind that the “cost of labor per hour’ includes not only hourly wage or salary of the employees, but also the costs of the benefits that those workers receive.Issue two: Material CostMaterial costs are the costs of all materials that are part of the final product offered by the business. “Direct materials are assigned to jobs in a manner very similar to direct labor. It is very important that material that is used on a specific job be matched to the job” (Wainwright, 2012). As with labor, this expense can apply to both goods and services. In the case of goods, material costs refer to the costs of the various components that make up a product, while material costs associated with services rendered typically include replacement parts, building parts, etc.Issue three: Overhead CostOverhead costs are costs that cannot be directly attributed to one particular product or service. Some business consultants simply refer to overhead costs as those business expenses that do not qualify as labor costs or material costs. These costs include indirect expenses such as general supplies, heating and lighting expenditures, depreciation, taxes, advertising, rental or leasing costs, transportation, employee discounts, damaged merchandise, business memberships, and insurance. A certain percentage of employees usually fit in this category as well. While the wages and benefits received by an assembly line worker involved in the production of a specific product might well qualify as a labor cost, the wages and benefits accrued by general support personnel janitors, attorneys, accountants, clerks, human resource personnel, receptionists are included as overhead.Overhead expenses are typically divided into two categories fixed expenses and variable expenses. Fixed expenses are regular (usually monthly) expenses that will not change much, regardless of a company’s business fortunes. Examples of fixed expenses include rent, utilities, insurance, membership dues, subscriptions, accounting costs, and depreciation on fixed assets. Variable expenses are those expenses that undergo greater fluctuation, depending on variables such as time of year (for seasonal businesses), competitor advertising, and sales. Expenses that are more heavily predicated on company revenues and business owner strategies include office supplies, mailing and advertising, communications (telephone and Fax bills), and employee bonuses.References:Wainwright, S. K. (Ed.) (2012). (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. Principles of accounting: Volume II [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site.ThursdayJun 15 at 12:31pm A company can run into any number of problems when trying to determine theactual costs of goods that it is selling there are three main problems;labor costs, materials cost and overhead costs.Labor costs are in relation to what an employee will be compensated for their work on a giventask. For example, let’s look at companies like Thrive or Essential oils, they sell a wide variety of products and they have salespeople that go out and try to sell their products. So, how are they to determine how much of themoney paid to the sales people should be attributed to each individual product? This particularproblem makes it more difficult to know what the actual cost of producing and selling eachproduct is. Though sometimes the sales person might not make an actual hourly wage they still will receive pay for selling the product. Material costs would be the cost that is used to make the product, now here is where things can get tricky because most of the time materials are bought then the cost of inflation goes way up so that way the company is making a better margin off of what they are selling. An example would be Pottery Barn, the quality of their furniture is actually not great at all in fact I have seen margin reports from this company and the profit made off of the merchandise is unbelievable. Overhead costs are sometimes not totally controllable but are the operating expense it takes to make the product, house etc.Identify three factors that are affecting airline company’s ability to break even. For each of your factors, discuss how these have an impact on the breakeven (contribution margin, fixed costs, variable costs, a combination, etc.), and what happens if these factors increase or decrease.Cargo, freight and the cost of fuel will be major factors that will affect airline company’s ability to break even. The older planes will need to be removed so that the production on new planes can arrive. That brings about a demand for more space, more flights, and more fuel usage. It all goes hand and hand. The more cargo that needs to be flown, the more space needed to ship it. When the oil prices increase it raises the cost of fuel and that makes an impact on demanded flights to destinations. Cargo will also be affected and increase. Flight demands are increasing and that will demand the increase the labor and overhead variables. Wages paid to employees will increase. Ticket prices, luggage prices go up and the cost of fuel will increase, this will cause a demand for more efficient planes that may cost more due to advanced technology. Older planes will be replaced with new planes.Zacks Investment Research. (2011). Airline Industry Stock Outlook – July 2016. Retrieved from https://www.zacks.com/commentary/84559/airline-industry-stock-outlook—july-2016Hello Class,We’ve all experienced (or heard about) the challenges that the airlines have been facing. Read the Zacks Investment Research article, “Airline Industry Stock Outlook – July 2016(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.Links to an external site..” Identify three factors that are affecting airline company’s ability to break even. For each of your factors, discuss how these have an impact on the breakeven (contribution margin, fixed costs, variable costs, a combination, etc.), and what happens if these factors increase or decrease.I believe that the three factors that are affecting airline company’s ability to break even are:1. Terrorismis the number one factor affecting the airlines, especially since the Brexit decision to leave the EU. Additionally, airlines stocks have been hit hardbyfears of travel demand slackening. Airlines stocks havebeen dealingwith issues such as the mass shooting in OrlandoFl, the explosion at the Shanghai Pudong airport on June 12. Fears that such attacks could lead to less demandforairtravelresulted in a widespread sell-off in the aviationsection. (Zacks, July-2016)2. The second factor has been the oil prices, for many years theairline’stickets prices increased to a point, that ticket sales went down, due to the high priceofjet fuel, which is a worrying factor for airlines, since they have been generating huge savings. (Zacks, July 2016)3. The third factor is the economic and political stability. Political and legal factors include governmentinterventionineconomic operations. Airlines operate in a political environmentthat’svery regulated and restricted. Government intervention can be necessary to protect thepassengers’ interest and airlines operations’ safety measures.Furthermore, a healthy economy acts as a catalyst for industrial growth.Economic health is also measured by various economic indicators. Examples of economic indicators include growth in gross domestic product (or GDP), percapitaincome, disposable income, industrial production, thelevelof business, and consumer confidence. (Cederholm, Sep 3, 2014)Marthahttps://www.zacks.com/commentary/84559/airline-industry-stock-outlook—july-2016Links to an external site.http://marketrealist.com/2014/09/why-economic-factors-support-airline-industry-growth, By Teresa Cederholm | Sep 3, 2014Links to an external site.

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