melbourn university The Decision Process: making a quality decision

The way we go about making decisions can affect the final choice we make. Our bias and personality influence our decisions. However, a good decision process will help make the balance we need between bias and facts to create the best possibilities. A good process also helps us address the components of a decision in a sensible order to make a prompt decision. There are many decision models used by managers and organizations today but they all contain common elements: identifying the decision to be made, framing the decision as to its purpose, designing alternatives, evaluating the alternatives in relationship to the objectives needed to meet the purpose of making the decision, making the decision and reviewing the process and its effectiveness in implementing the decision. The model we will use in this class is adapted from the Decision Quality Model Developed by the Decision Education Foundation in conjunction with Stanford University. It is important to remember that the purpose behind decision making models is to help mitigate the influence our natural biases have in making decisions. Understanding the process and how it interjects objectivity in to the decision-making process is the focus of the next few weeks of class. The model is known as DQ or Decision Quality. We have adapted the model by adding and combining elements to the traditional six step chain. We will call it MDQ or Modified Decision Quality. Here are the elements of the MDQ process: Declare the Decision-what is the decision that is to be made? What is it? What it is not? State the decision. Frame the decision- there are three components to a decision1) Purpose- what you hope to accomplish by making the decision (objectives);2) Scope- what to include and exclude in the decision; 3) Perspective- your point of view about the decision, the ways you want to approach, or others may approach making the decision. Framing is like the zoom feature of the camera. What we include in the picture is the scope of the decision. The angle for the best lighting and view is the perspective and what kind of picture we want, an action or landscape shot, is the purpose. Building the decision- this includes identifying the values, collecting data, developing alternatives, collecting information that results in clarifying what you really want from the decision. Evaluate and Make Decision 1) Comparing the alternatives based on information and values- which is best for me and those I care about if this is personal decision or what is best for the business or organization. Before deciding, rate the decision on the elements or objectives. Does the choice make sense? 2)Improve- are their gaps in the quality of the decision? Do you have areas that you are uncertain of or feel lack information? Repeat the process after filling in the gaps to see if the choice is 100% what you want from the decision. (Decision Quality Model developed by the Decision Education Foundation) Assess the Decision- Did the implementation of the alternative chosen fulfill the objectives set out for making the decision? Adapted from Decision Education Foundation 2009 retrieved from www.decisioneducation.org/skills

Presentation Slides

5 SlidesTopic : Increasing the quality of leadership Purpose statementEffective strategiesleadership theoriesStrategic thinking, decision making, and innovation have issues that currently face, the most outstanding issue is increasing the quality of leadership and development. Increasing the quality of leadership and management entails expanding the ability of employees or creating opportunities for employees to have leadership roles. This includes improving skills, abilities, and confidence of employees in an organization. According to Bolden,  (2005) leadership development consist of several programs that are available to employees and organizations. The programs vary in relation to the style of training the complexity and the cost.Today, strategic thinking, decision making and innovation in organizations face increasing the quality of leadership and development as a major issue since they assume it to be costly. It is evident that most organization do not invest in training and developing employees since the management is not ready to spend an extra cost on training them. It is also assumed that a lot of time is spent on training rather than equating that time to working and be productive. This kind of mentality from seniors in an organization has impacted negatively on the strategic thinking, decision making and innovations in organizations since the employees do not feel to be part of the decision making the process of the organization thus experiencing low performance.According to Fielden, Davidson,& Sutherland,  (2009). Coaching and training are the two major ways of leadership development. Coaching and mentoring has its own advantages to an organization. These include the retention of employees. When employees are coached and mentored they are able to feel a sense of commitment and belonging to the organization. Through coaching and mentoring employees are able to be efficient of how they handle activities at the workplace. And lastly, Personal development is also an advantage since trainees are able to gain knowledge and be aware of the current trending issues.The success of leadership development is influenced by the efforts put in by the management of the organization in terms of cost, consistency, support and also the ability of the trainee to understand and make use of what they have been trained. Increasing the quality of leadership has its own advantages and disadvantages. According to Bolden,  (2005) most leadership pieces of training don?t necessarily produce leaders because the trainers mainly use theories, concepts, and principles for training but do not encourage practical learning. Leadership can mainly be learned but not taught. It is, therefore, necessary for seniors in an organization to act as examples to their juniors in case they are given leadership roles. The role of a good leader is to ensure the values and purpose of an organization are implemented, develop vision and strategy, and build a workable community. This kind of behavior requires good character, creativity, and compassion.It is therefore important for organizations to consider developing their employees in order to avoid facing the issue of low -quality leadership development.in conclusion, this kind of issue can greatly be avoided if the seniors of an organization are co-operative enough to ensure leadership development amongst the employees.

Behavioral support plans – due in 24 hours

ÿ8 PAGES DUE IN 24 HOURS
Behavioral Support Plans
[WLOs: 1, 2, 3] [CLOs: 1, 2, 3, 4]
Prior to beginning work on this assignment, review section 10.1 in your textbook and read Behavioral Support Plan Tools & Tipsÿ(Links to an external site.).
Behavioral support plans are a great way to build a plan that helps shape, replace, or reduce challenging behavior. These plans often rely on use of behavioral data to identify key trigger behavior information. Additionally, these plans may include things such as ways to deepen relationships, ways to improve parent communication, ideas to impact environmental changes, and strategies to improving the behavior. These plans also identify goals and members of the behavioral support team.
For your Final Paper, you will create a behavioral support plan utilizing behaviors found in Jose and Olivia. Pick either Jose or Olivia and review their behaviors. Select three challenging behaviors from your chosen student to complete the behavioral support plan. Your behavioral support plan will include things such as trigger, problem behavior, consequence, function, desired behavior, maintaining consequences, preventions, teaching, goals, data collection, and parent involvement.
Utilize the ECE 201 Week 5 Final Project template to complete the behavioral support plan. After you have completed the document, be sure to write a reflection on the process and answer the following prompts:

Explain the purpose of behavior management in early childhood educational settings and why it is important to think proactively.
Explain how you think your student will react to this behavior plan.
Describe what else you would do to encourage positive behavior that does not ?fit? on the plan.
Summarize the conversation you will have with next year?s teacher in regard to your student?s behavior plan.

The Behavioral Support Plan Final Paper

Must be eight to 12 double-spaced page in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center?s APA Styleÿ(Links to an external site.)
Must include a separate title page with the following:

Title of paper
Student?s name
Course name and number
Instructor?s name
Date submitted

For further assistance with the formatting and the title page, refer to APA Formatting for Word 2013ÿ(Links to an external site.).
ÿ
Required Resource
Text
Kaiser, B., & Sklar Rasminsky, J. (2017). Challenging behavior in young children: Understanding, preventing, and responding effectively (4th ed.). Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu

Chapter 12: Working With Families and Other Experts

Article
Linsin, M. (2011, June 4). How to talk to parents about their misbehaving childÿ(Links to an external site.). Retrieved from https://www.smartclassroommanagement.com/2011/06/04/how-to-talk-to-parents-about-their-misbehaving-child/

This article discusses ways to communicate with parents about their misbehaving children and will assist you in your Teacher?s Role discussion forum this week.Accessibility Statement does not existPrivacy Policyÿ(Links to an external site.)

Web Page
Behavioral support plan tools & tipsÿ(Links to an external site.). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.communitycareinc.org/for-providers/behavioral-support-plan-tools-tips

This web page provides information about behavioral support plans and will assist you in your Behavioral Support Plans Final Paper this week.Accessibility Statement does not existPrivacy Policyÿ(Links to an external site.)

learning theories and diversity | Applied Sciences homework help

ÿ
Assessment Instructions
Note:ÿAssessments in this course build on each other and must be completed in sequential order.
It is important to consider the role of diversity and learning environments when selecting appropriate theories and approaches for a desired learning outcome. For this assessment, you will implement these considerations in an educational environment of your choosing.
Preparation

Take time to review educational theories that you have studied in prior courses or used in your work. Do additional research on educational theories and approaches as necessary.
Optional: Practice implementing these considerations in the Vila Health challenge provided in the Resources before beginning your work here.

Instructions
For this assessment, you will create a 5?7-page high-level teaching plan in which you do the following:

Select a topic for a course that you would like to teach in an educational environment. (For example, maybe you would like to be a nursing instructor in an institution of higher learning, a staff development educator in a clinical facility, or a patient educator in a hospital.) Briefly describe your course and the environment that you will utilize for teaching. Also describe the intended audience for your course.
Select an educational theory that you could use to guide the development of your course. Describe the key points of the theory you selected and explain why you think this theory fits the topic, audience, and context of your course.

Be sure to cite textbooks or articles from peer-reviewed journals to support your choice.

Identify and discuss potential diversity in the group that you anticipate teaching. (Diversity can include multiculturalism, age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, Limited English Proficiency (LEP), or other cultural barriers that you feel could impact your learning environment.)
Use current research to describe how you will address these issues in your learning environment.
Describe how you will manage conflict in the classroom that may arise from the anticipated diversity among learners.

Additional Requirements

Format: 12-point Times New Roman or Arial font, double-spaced in Microsoft Word.
Length: 5?7 pages, plus a title page and a references page.
Use correct APA format, including running head, page numbers, and a title page.
Writing should be free of grammar and spelling errors that distract from content.

ÿ
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

Competency 1: Appraise the influence of learner’s culture, gender, and experiences on teaching and learning.

Describe the diversity of an intended group of learners.

Competency 2: Apply educational theory and evidence-based teaching practices when implementing teaching strategies.

Identify a learning theory that applies to a selected educational topic and audience.

Competency 3: Apply a variety of teaching strategies appropriate to diverse learner needs, content, and desired learner outcomes.

Justify the application of a learning theory in a particular context.

Competency 4: Integrate best practices for classroom management

Describe evidence-based strategies for managing conflicts that could arise in a diverse classroom.

Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations of a nursing education professional.

Support a position with effective written communication; use correct spelling, grammar, punctuation and mechanics, and APA style and formatting.

West Coast University Write a reflection after reading the case study journal

Meet Natalie Kazakova, a Russian who has recently graduated with a master?s degree in nursing, originally having a bachelor?s in engineering back home. She now works at a local community hospital in the ICU. A few weeks after orientation ends at her new place of employment, Natalie finds herself questioning her choice to become a nurse. She finds it hard to go into work because she is feeling insecure and has self-doubt. Also meet Susan and Pam, two nurses that have 10 years of experience, but only have ADN degrees.Susan says, ” I thought you have masters degree, why don’t you know anything?”Pam says, “What did you learn at that university, anyway?”Any of these theories from the chapter explain what Natalie is experiencing. Select each theory to learn more about how each applies to her situation. Role theory/ Role Behavior: As a new graduate and new nurse, Natalie needs to negotiate appropriate role behaviors with patients, coworkers, and medical staff. Role strain or stress, including role incongruity, can occur when the individual?s expectations (her view of the caring role of the nurse) conflicts with the requirements to learn to manage complicated equipment and medications.Conflict theory: As noted in the text, conflict is often grounded in issues of power/authority and domination/subjugation. The two nurse colleagues are struggling to hold on to their position of power related to their experience because they are probably threatened by Natalie?s advanced degree.Social exchange theory: Natalie has noted that reciprocity is lacking in her relationships with the two experienced ADN nurses. As a result, she feels like resigning (withdrawing from the situation).Natalie discusses this issue with one of her professors. Her professor offers the following recommendations:Reflect on which option you think would be best for you. Then select the Review button below to see why Natalie?s professor offered the options she did. Natalie recognizes the issues of role behavior and role incongruity and seeks out one of her professors to discuss these. The professor reminds her that this is a normal process and that she needs to give herself some time to learn her position (the professor might refer her to Benner?s Novice to Expert, discussed in a later chapter). She tells her that as she becomes more comfortable with the technical requirements of her position, she will find she is able to again put the caring aspect of nursing in the forefront. As Natalie reviewed her information on conflict and individualistic social exchange framework, as well as recognizing that the other nurses were struggling to maintain their own power (and self-concept), she was able to change her approach. She praised the other nurses for their knowledge and experience. She remained humble and quiet as she gained more experience and knowledge. She quietly reminded them that, despite her degree, she was still a new RN and so she appreciated having knowledgeable nurses like them around. She hoped that this would make them feel less threatened.__________________________________________________________________________________________________After reading please Associate what you have learned about the theories to this case study, and then see the instructions below to complete a journal entry about your experience.Your reflection should be a minimum of five to six paragraphs.

AIM ONLY TO DO PART c ?Part C ? Case Analysis

Part C ? Case Analysis – (This is worth 50% of the test score.)The company operates about 700 convenience stores. A sales assistant at one of the company?s stores was murdered while on duty. The murder was widely publicized, and employees complained of inadequate security measures. As a result of the murder, 15 sales assistants telephoned the union requesting a union organization effort. The union sent representatives to 60 stores in the area where the murder had occurred and left union authorization cards. Two days later the company notified the union that an injunction had been issued during a prior union campaign prohibiting solicitation on company property. The next workday, the company had a meeting with the store managers in the area and talked abo ut the need to improve security. The company officials also discussed the union?s organization activities and reminded the managers of the ?no solicitation? policy and stated that a union would not necessarily do the employees any good. Later that week, the company had an unprecedented meeting for all sales assistants. Approximately 200 sales assistants attended and were paid for their time. The company officials told the employees that they did not need a union and that the employees from the union could retrieve their authorization cards. The employees were asked to voice their complaints and the employees listed the following: getting less than 40 hours work per week; not having breaks; not being paid for overtime work; working alone at night; and poor lighting at the stores. The next day the company sent a memo to all regional personnel directing that sales assistants should work a 40-hour workweek; canopy lights were installed at all the stores; a policy was adopted that no one would be required to work alone at night; and sales assistants began receiving wages for after-hours overtime work. The company posted ?no solicitation? signs in all stores and directed that those signs be enforced; if the employees did not enforce the signs, they would lose their jobs. Later that month the company held further meetings with sales assistants, who again were paid for their time. They asked to select committee representatives to meet with management to discuss their complaints. Management officials left the room while the employees selected their representatives. The company made a list of the ten most frequently mentioned items from the employees? recommended subjects for the committee to discuss. Meanwhile, the union filed a representation petition with the NLRB seeking an election in a unit of all Summitt, Ohio sales assistants. The company president told the managers to tell the sales assistants that if they joined the union, the company would close those stores. The first meeting of the Employee Management Committee was held and the ten priority items were listed, granting employees a new vacation policy, improved health-care benefits, sick days, change in holiday hours for pay, recognition of seniority ranks, and improved security systems. Not long after that, the company sent an additional memo around announcing other improvements in life, major medical, and accident insurance plans, in addition to death and family benefits and a revised disciplinary appeal system. The union wants to file a complaint with the NLRB.  What ?unfair labor practice? claim(s) could it make? For each one, what defense would the company give? Use the specific terms and concepts covered in this course to support your analysis. Please limit your response to a maximum of two and a half concisely written, double-spaced pages.The basic outline for your answer will be:IntroductionDefinition of an unfair labor practiceAnalysis:Unfair labor practice claim(s)Union?s position for eachCompany?s position for each(Add as many rows as needed)SummaryReference(s)The chart is a tool to help you focus your thinking and to be sure that you provide both sides? perspectives for each ULP.  Your answer can be presented in it or via paragraphs.  You are not required to incorporate the chart in your answer.  Choose the method that explains your analysis clearly.  NOTE:  Please re-read the instructions to be sure you?ve done everything that is needed.

MOD 2-Societal Marketing-Class Discussion Response

WEEK 2 DISCUSSION POSTFinding the Perfect MessageUnderstanding the features and benefits of a product is essential to forming the overall marketing plan’s creative message. Brands use creative appeals to connect with the customer target markets. Product features transform into benefits for the customers to meet their wants and needs.Provide a brief description of your chosen product/service. (This should be used throughout class.)  Discuss how the product fits a lifestyle or psychographic.List two features of the product and assess how they transform into benefits for your target market.Professor and Classmates,Sweet cookie is a re-branded type of cookie that was born in 2012. It is a decorated sugar cookie that is produced in form of chocolate. This type of product is produced by a company by the name Galleta Sabrosa. Sweet cookies are designed to meet the modern lifestyle. Today, people do take snacks for short-term meal purposes such as mid-breakfast or evening meal. In this regard, sweet cookies targets all people regardless of age, gender or race because anybody can take a snack (Scholl & Kurz, 2018). Sweet cookies have two types of special features that draw attention of various people in the market: it is presented as food more than as a snack and the chocolate flavor. There are many types of cookies in the market but the named two features makes sweet cookies to be different from the other cookies in the market. In this case, many people especially ladies, children and youths like chocolate an aspect that makes the chocolate flavor in the cookies to attract many customers. Additionally, sweet cookies are positioned in the market as food more than as a snack, an aspect that makes many people to buy the product so as to meet the demands of their stomachs. Reference:Scholl, J. G., & Kurz, P. U. (2018). P1556 A modern health check-up with lifestyle coaching improves overall cardiovascular health. European Heart Journal, 39(suppl_1), ehy565-P1556.Groupon. (2018, January 16). Cookies: A Brief History. Retrieved from YouTube: RESPONSES NEEDED ANSWERING:1ST RESPONSE:Thank you for the post.  The two attributes identified around which value will be built are chocolate flavor and ‘more than a snack…a food’.  Have you done any preliminary market testing (talked informally to others) about your two benefits that will be a focus of your marketing efforts?  They might have some traction.  On the other hand, the brand name focus on ‘sweet’ seems to convey an image that the brand is pretty much a treat, and not a serious food. 2ND RESPONSE:Thanks for your post. Could you further expound on your claim that sweet cookies is different than normal cookies available in the market? Saying that it is more food than a snack – does this mean the cookies can replace a full meal? Hoping you can enlighten me on this as this seems to be a very interesting product for people in the go. Thanks! 3RD RESPONSE:Great business and explanation on how to target individuals and the key features of the product.  I may be biased, but I do agree that more women tend to gear their attention to “chocolate.” Although there are a lot of companies who sell cookies, there are billions of follows spent in the U.S on cookies/baked goods, so I can see this being a well built company (A Touch of Business, 2019).I am also curious about cookies being more than a snack. I had only found one relevant article regarding cookie more like a meal which refers to a cookie that includes oatmeal and bacon, which essentially could be considered a meal replacement (Washington Post, n.d.). Is this something close to the idea you had mentioned? Thank you and great work!V/R, JelycaReferences: A Touch of Business. (2019, April 27). How to Start a Cookie Business. Retrieved from Washington Post. (n.d.). Haute-meal Cookies. Retrieved from

read book answer 20 MC Psychology questions

Book: QUESTION 11.Your text discusses a case explained by Ellen Goodman, who uses the phrase ?time bulimic.? What is this a reference to?People who waste time by procrastinating.b.  People who are not productive.People who take up a lot of others? time.People who have difficulties in maintaining time commitments.0.5 points   QUESTION 21.What is at the core of the concept of self-efficacy?The view that good things will happen to you.An understanding that a bad outcome is subjective.Analyzing one?s capability to reach their desired goal.A belief that you can accomplish what you want.0.5 points   QUESTION 31.Which of the following statements best describes the social cognitive perspective?Humans affect their environment as much as their environment affects them.Humans are largely shaped by environmental forces.Humans actively shaped their lives rather than passively reacting to environmental forces.Human cognition is greater determined of our outcomes than our behaviors are.0.5 points   QUESTION 41.Which of the following people is most likely to fall victim to stereotype threat?A woman who is applying to get a math scholarship.A man who must write a paper for his sociology class.A woman who will give a speech at her high school graduation.A man who is taking an IQ test.0.5 points   QUESTION 51.What can be concluded from studies on the cultural differences in rating performance on math?The complexity of culture makes it difficult to understand academic performance.Culture is a factor in both the type of persuasion someone receives and modeling available.People from Western cultures have low self-efficacy due to a lack of similar models.Individuals from Eastern cultures continue to have higher self-efficacy even when performing poorly.0.5 points   QUESTION 61.Which two factors does the career counseling self-efficacy scale measure?general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacysocial self-efficacy and psychological self-efficacylearned self-efficacy and inherent self-efficacya counselor?s confidence in helping clients who have difficulties with career decisions0.5 points   QUESTION 71.What is the underlying factor that Betz and colleagues had in mind when developing self-efficacy scales?career decisionsparental involvementacademic investmentperceived confidence0.5 points   QUESTION 81.Which of the following people exemplifies characteristics that high levels of situation-specific self-efficacy can predict?Someone who has increased their happiness.Someone who has low levels of anxiety.Someone who has a lower pain tolerance.Someone who is unlikely to become divorced.0.5 points   QUESTION 91.What is negatively correlated with elevated self-efficacy?unhealthy behaviorseffective study skillsamount of exercisehealth-related behaviors0.5 points   QUESTION 101.Which term is defined as the extent to which we believe we can work together effectively to accomplish our shared goals?collective self-efficacygeneral self-efficacyindividual self-efficacyspecific self-efficacy0.5 points   QUESTION 111.What is the basis of the theory of learned optimism?Optimism is the belief that good rather than bad things will happen.People make attributions or explanations about the things that happen to them.When a route is blocked, people find alternate pathways to their goals.People succeed when they believe in their capabilities to produce desired effects.0.5 points   QUESTION 121.Which type of attributions do optimists tend to make for negative outcomes?internal, stable, and specificexternal, variable, and specificinternal, variable, and globalexternal, stable, and global0.5 points   QUESTION 131.Children who experience trauma and parental divorce are likely to have what type of explanatory style?pessimismdespairoptimism0.5 points   QUESTION 141.Which of the following traits has been shown to be a good predictor of satisfaction in interpersonal relationships?wisdomlearned optimismself-efficacy0.5 points   QUESTION 151.Why was The Life Orientation Test (LOT) revised?It overlapped with neuroticism.Adequate construct validity was not established.People who scored highly on the LOT also scored highly on the hope scale.It measured the same construct as the ASQ.0.5 points   QUESTION 161.Based on research about problem-solving and optimism in different cultures, who is most likely to demonstrate greater problem-solving skills while being pessimistic?a native American individualan African-American individuala Chinese-American individuala Caucasian-American individual0.5 points   QUESTION 171.People who use energetic personal self-talk statements such as ?I will keep going? are using which trait?self-esteemoptimismsubjective well-beingagency0.5 points   QUESTION 181.In childhood, what is considered crucial in imparting hope?academic achievementstrong attachmentfinancial stabilityhaving good friends0.5 points   QUESTION 191.Lopez explains how hope is created from memories, which involves the ______.amygdalahypothalamushippocampusprefrontal cortex0.5 points   QUESTION 201.Native Americans, Latinos, African-Americans, and Asian Americans tend to perceive time in a way where many things are conceptualized as happening at once with people, which is called ______.polychromicpolysequentialpolychromaticpolytemporal

Philosopy assignment | Nursing homework help

Hello, I need help assistance and help with my Philosophy Signature Assignment. I already started the Rough Draft but my professor said that’s not exactly what he wanted, something missing and need clarification of the main idea of the topic.
Below is the instruction:
ÿ
Week 8 Signature Assignment: Final Draft
The goal of this paper is to construct a fair-minded, unbiased, analytical analysis of a topic in a comprehensive essay.

This is not an opinion piece or a persuasive essay that simply aims to prove or reinforce what you already believe. This would be confirmation bias, and bias must be avoided in this project.
This project needs to avoid harsh rhetoric or language that is harmful and hurtful in nature. The point is to be objective and unemotional in your approach.
This essay should be written in a fair, academic, respectful, and analytical manner regardless of any of your opinions, feelings, or preconceived notions about the topic.
Both sides of your topic must be treated with equal attention, both in terms of the number and quality of sources and in the depth and breadth of their presentation in your essay. Both sides should be addressed in the same number of paragraphs in roughly equivalent detail, and should be supported by the same number of quality sources.
You must identify and define rhetorical devices and logical fallacies on both sides of the argument. Be sure you indicate which specific rhetorical device and fallacy you have found, and there is evidence in your sources of these course concepts in practice that is cited in your paper.
You will present statements and claims for analyzing both sides of the topic. Only then should you state you own conclusion as an objective, critical thinker given the information presented.

Essay Format: Your essay must be 5?7 pages (1600?1900 words) in length. The abstract, title page, and reference list do not count in the page or word count. The essay must have the following elements:

Times New Roman
12-point
Double-spaced
1-inch margins
Proper Level I and Level II APA section headings for all major sections of the essay
All other applicable APA formatting

Required Elements:

A properly formatted APA title page
A properly formatted APA abstract
Body of the paper

Introduction: Identify the issue. Provide the necessary background and/or important recent developments. Define key terms and concepts. Engage the reader and explain the broader significance of the issue.
Arguments and Counterarguments: Summarize the best arguments on both sides of the issue. Include relevant research from credible sources used to support each conclusion. Devote at least one paragraph to each side.
Evaluation of Critical Thinking: Assess the strength of the arguments and the quality of thinking surrounding this issue.

Identify weaknesses in critical thinking such as fallacies, rhetorical devices, vague language, and cognitive biases. Provide specific examples of how these weaknesses appear in arguments you encountered, using terminology and definitions from the course. Be specific! Present evidence from your sources that show these fallacies/biases being used.
Evaluate the quality of scientific and anecdotal evidence using the standards of inductive and deductive reasoning described in the course. Consider the quality of causal relationship, analogies, generalizations, and/or moral reasoning.

Conclusion: Analyze the totality of research and offer a critical thinker?s response to the issue. Identify your own position and experience with the issue and explain how your thinking of the subject has evolved as a result of your analysis. Your conclusion does not have to be absolute, but it should not be equivocal. If both sides have good arguments, which is better, even if only slightly better, and what is the argument that tips the scales in the sides? favor? Why does that point tip the scales?

A properly formatted APA reference list

Sources should appear in alphabetical order according to the last name of the first author listed on the source.
If there is no author(s), then the source should be cited by title or organization.

Upon which of the following basic doctrines did jains and buddhists

Question
Question 1 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Upon which of the following basic doctrines did Jains and Buddhists agree?
A. The concept of reincarnation is a myth.
B. All souls should strive to attain moksha.
C. The caste system should be rejected.
D. There is only one god.
Question 2 of 20 0.0/ 5.0 Points
Which of these was an innovation that accompanied the advent of farming?
A. Herding
B. Nomadism
C. Hunting
D. The use of metals
Question 3 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Mesopotamia was in present-day:
A. Iraq.
B. Iran.
C. Syria.
D. Israel.
Question 4 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
By 10,000 B.C.E., humans inhabited all of the continents EXCEPT:
A. North America.
B. Australia.
C. Europe.
D. Antarctica.
Question 5 of 20 Points
Which of the following statements best accounts for the failure of Akhenaton’s reign?
A. The Egyptian people viewed his reign as illegitimate because he was not the direct descendent of Amenhotep III.
B. He invested the majority of the country’s resources on expansionist policies and neglected domestic priorities.
C. He was obsessed with his religion to the neglect of other affairs, as he tried desperately to reform Egypt into a monotheistic society.
D. He was a child king who was murdered before reaching adulthood.
Question 6 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
The Ganges river is sacred to:
A. Buddhists.
B. Jains.
C. Ashoka.
D. Hindus.
Question 7 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Which of the following developments led to huge changes in warfare and travel?
A. The domestication of horses
B. The development of iron tools and weapons
C. The development of bridges
D. The potter’s wheel
Question 8 of 20 0.0/ 5.0 Points
What is the main cause of diversity among human populations?
A. Responses to different environments
B. Physical differences of the first Homo sapiens
C. Genetic differences in the first hominids
D. The different species of Homo sapiens
Question 9 of 20 Points
Which of the following doctrines do Buddhists and Hindus share?
A. Reincarnation
B. Moksha
C. Caste system
D. Nirvana
Question 10 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
What was the defining characteristic of Neolithic culture?
A. Farming
B. Writing
C. Hunting
D. Urbanization
Question 11 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Ancient India differed from ancient China, Persia, and Rome in that India:
A. was more religious.
B. never amassed a large army.
C. was unable to build a long lasting empire.
D. was more philosophical and less concerned with government.
Question 12 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
The Hebrews laid the foundation for all of the religions EXCEPT:
A. Judaism.
B. Christianity.
C. Islam.
D. Hinduism.
Question 13 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Which of the following civilizations controlled their conquered enemies by torture and terrorization?
A. Chaldeans
B. Persians
C. Sumerians
D. Assyrians
Question 14 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Carthage was a colony founded on the North African coast by a seafaring people from West Asia known as the:
A. Hittites.
B. Egyptians.
C. Phoenicians.
D. Assyrians.
Question 15 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Which of these defines patriarchal societies? ?
A. Farming
B. Male authority
C. No economic role for women
D. Female authority
Question 16 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
The Sumerians created all of the following EXCEPT:
A. cuneiform.
B. copper and bronze tools.
C. a number system based on sixty.
D. a phonetic alphabet.
Question 17 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Which empire conquered and brought an end to the Chaldean Empire?
A. Assyrians
B. Persians
C. Hittites
D. Egyptians
Question 18 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
Which of these was NOT an accomplishment of Paleolithic culture?
A. Use of symbols
B. Drawing and sculpture
C. Burials including tools
D. Writing
Question 19 of 20 5.0/ 5.0 Points
What is the major source for information about Aryan India?
A. The Vedas
B. Archaeological remains
C. Harappan cities
D. Legal texts
Question 20 of 20 Points
Which of the following does NOT accurately describe gender roles for women during post-Vedic India?
A. Women were expected to remain confined to the home after the death of the spouse.
B. Girls were often betrothed before the age of 10.
C. Girls often married older men upon the onset of puberty.
D. Women retained an equal role in religion.
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