Write a python program to read the file, and produce a summary of the total reported crimes for each state.

Need help with the below:Write a python program to read the file, and produce a summary of the total reported crimes for each state. The report will look something like this, though don’t worry if your list is not in alphabetical order:There are a lot of fields in the data file, but you can simplify your life by using subtotal fields, Totals.Property.All and Totals.Violent.All.Once you have the summary, change your program so it writes the summary to a file, crime_summary.txt.Make sure you use a dictionary for this assignment. The obvious case is to use a key of state names and the value is the accumulated count of reported crimes. There might be a place for another dictionary as well, though you only need to use one.Be sure to add a header comment to your program and any functions, and appropriate comments before other blocks of code.

In President Barack Obama’s speech after the death of Osama Bin Laden how did the speech address specific exigences or solve particular problems? How does the setting of the speech impact its reception I want you to post a discussion of what you see are the: 

In 200-250 words, create a discussion post that addresses the question below:
In this week’s readings you learned about the rhetorical situation and how we can break down speeches into specific elements of occasion, audience, speaker, and speech.In President Barack Obama’s speech after the death of Osama Bin Laden how did the speech address specific exigences or solve particular problems? How does the setting of the speech impact its reception I want you to post a discussion of what you see are the: 

occasion – how did the speech address specific exigences or solve particular problems? How does the setting of the speech impact its reception?
audience- what audiences are addressed and how does the speech address them?
speaker – how does the speaker establish and create ethos?
speech – what language choices are made that enhance the speech?
For this feel free to do any background research you can on the moments leading up to the speech. Background and context: On September 11, 200

How do matters of race and ethnicity, or immigration shape the family life?

Part 1:Answer: Based on what you read in chapter 3, how do matters of race and ethnicity, or immigration shape the family life?Examine 1 observation you made in regard to the inequalities and family. Feel free to use the clip above to help you to think about macro forces.Ask 1 question about something that you might not have a full understanding of or that you think would create further discussion.Part 2: write a couple of paragraphs analyzing how biases towards a certain group can impact our or others’ opportunities or life choices and in connection to chapter 3, write about how socialization and culture have played a role in the development of certain perspectives about certain groups. . NOTE* please label part 1 and part 2

Compare the security measures provided by the FPS to those of a commercial building with which you are familiar.Describe the weaknesses that still exist within the protocols defined by the FPS.Describe the security measures that you see at your nearest federal building as well as the security measures that you believe may not be obvious to other observers.

Review the briefing report titled “Federal Protective Service: Actions needed to resolve delays and inadequate oversight issues with FPS’s risk assessment and management program” located at Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:Evaluate the security measures taken by the FPS and determine if the measures are comprehensive enough, given any potential threats not mentioned in the report.Compare the security measures provided by the FPS to those of a commercial building with which you are familiar.Describe the weaknesses that still exist within the protocols defined by the FPS.Describe the security measures that you see at your nearest federal building as well as the security measures that you believe may not be obvious to other observers.

Clarify personal and professional values and recognize their impact on decision-making and professional behavior.

Professional Values – Professional Ethics
Description: The baccalaureate-graduate nurse will discuss their
professional values and the ANA Code of Ethics.
Course Competency(ies): 1) Demonstrate understanding of the
professional values which form the foundation of professional nursing.
7) Clarify personal and professional values and recognize their impact
on decision-making and professional behavior.
QSEN Competency(ies): 4) Quality Improvement
BSN Essential VIII

You are a medical professor in charge of creating college assignments and answers for medical college students. You design and conduct lectures, evaluate student performance and provide feedback through examinations and assignments. Answer each question separately. Include and Introduction. Provide an answer to this content

Prepare a messaging strategy for a 30-second TV advertisement aimed at selling the client’s product

Prepare a messaging strategy for a 30-second TV advertisement aimed at selling the client’s product.Specific Requirementsmessaging strategy should be prepared as a pitch to the client and submitted as a standalone PowerPoint presentation without any animation or narration. This pitch should include your:Messaging strategymessaging strategy should describe what you plan to communicate in your 30-second TV advertisement and why. To develop your messaging strategy, you will need to select:• One or more beliefs (that is, attitudes or consequences) • One or more attitude change strategies that you will apply to the target belief (or beliefs) you have selected. potential attitude change strategies include:o Reinforcing an existing belief.o Changing the evaluation of an existing belief.o Adding a new belief.• Three (3) of the messaging techniques to implement your attitude change strategy. (SEE FILE ATTACHED)As part of your pitch, you will also need to justify why you selected this combination of:

At this point you have read chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and now preparing for chapters 6 and 7. The focus is on the samples for your study. How will you conduct the sample collection. Review all of the chapters with a focus on Chapter 7 for to help in responding to this assignment to help you understand the importance of sampling and the ethical responsibly in sampling.

At this point you have read chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and now preparing for chapters 6 and 7. The focus is on the samples for your study. How will you conduct the sample collection. Review all of the chapters with a focus on Chapter 7 for to help in responding to this assignment to help you understand the importance of sampling and the ethical responsibly in sampling. Sampling will allow you to take a small group of the population you will study and make observations and determinations based on that small group. Using your study, respond to the following:

What isyour study?
What is your research question?
What is your study design?
What is the sample population?
What is the type of sampling you will conduct (know the terminology)
Whatare the sampling errors?

Your must submit in an APA format and make sure you respond to all of the questions because they will be used in the final proposal. 

Identify the aspects of change management that directly affect elements of the patient experience essential to the provision of high-quality, patient-centered care.

Assessment 3

Care Coordination Presentation to Colleagues

INSTRUCTIONS-Develop a 20-minute video presentation for nursing colleagues highlighting the fundamental principles of care coordination. Create a detailed narrative script for your presentation, approximately 4-5 pages in length. This is a video presentation.

INTRODUCTION- This assessment provides an opportunity for you to educate your peers on the care coordination process. The assessment also requires you to address change management issues. 

PREPARATION– You are encouraged to complete the Managing Change activity. Completing course activities before submitting your first attempt has been shown to make the difference between basic and proficient assessment.

Scenario

Your nurse manager has been observing your effectiveness as a care coordinator and recognizes the importance of educating other staff nurses in care coordination. Consequently, she has asked you to develop a presentation for your colleagues on care coordination basics. By providing them with basic information about the care coordination process, you will assist them in taking on an expanded role in helping to manage the care coordination process and improve patient outcomes in your community care center.
To prepare for this assessment, identify key factors nurses must consider to effectively participate in the care coordination process.
You may also wish to:
· Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
· Allow plenty of time to rehearse your presentation.

Recording Equipment Setup and Testing

Check that your recording equipment and software are working properly and that you know how to record and upload your presentation. You may use Kaltura (recommended) or similar software for your audio recording. A reference page is required. However, no PowerPoint presentation is required for this assessment.
· If using Kaltura, refer to the 

Using Kaltura
 tutorial for directions on recording and uploading your video in the courseroom.

Note: If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact 

[email protected]
 to request accommodations.

INSTRUCTIONS- Complete the following:

· Develop a video presentation for nursing colleagues highlighting the fundamental principles of care coordination. Include community resources, ethical issues, and policy issues that affect the coordination of care. To prepare, develop a detailed narrative script. The script will be submitted along with the video.

Note: You are 
not required to deliver your presentation.

Presentation Format and Length

Create a detailed narrative script for your video presentation, approximately 4–5 pages in length. Include a reference list at the end of the script.

Supporting Evidence

Cite 3–5 credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications to support your video. Include your source citations on a references page appended to your narrative script. Explore the resources about effective presentations as you prepare your assessment.

Grading Requirements

The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the Care Coordination Presentation to Colleagues Scoring Guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.
· Outline effective strategies for collaborating with patients and their families to achieve desired health outcomes.
· Provide, for example, drug-specific educational interventions, cultural competence strategies.
· Include evidence that you have to support your selected strategies.
· Identify the aspects of change management that directly affect elements of the patient experience essential to the provision of high-quality, patient-centered care.
· Explain the rationale for coordinated care plans based on ethical decision making.
· Consider the reasonable implications and consequences of an ethical approach to care and any underlying assumptions that may influence decision making.
· Identify the potential impact of specific health care policy provisions on outcomes and patient experiences.
· What are the logical implications and consequences of relevant policy provisions?
· What evidence do you have to support your conclusions?
· Raise awareness of the nurse’s vital role in the coordination and continuum of care in a video-recorded presentation.
· Fine tune the presentation to your audience.
· Stay focused on key issues of import with respect to the effects of resources, ethics, and policy on the provision of high-quality, patient-centered care.
· Adhere to presentation best practices.

Additional Requirements-Submit both your presentation video and script. The script should include a reference page. See 
Using Kaltura for more information about uploading multimedia files. You may submit the assessment only once, so be sure that both assessment deliverables are included.

Portfolio Prompt: Save your presentation to your ePortfolio. Submissions to the ePortfolio will be part of your final Capstone course.

Course Competencies- By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

· Competency 2: Collaborate with patients and family to achieve desired outcomes.
· Outline effective strategies for collaborating with patients and their families to achieve desired health outcomes.
· Competency 3: Create a satisfying patient experience.
· Identify the aspects of change management that directly affect elements of the patient experience essential to the provision of high-quality, patient-centered care.
· Competency 4: Defend decisions based on the code of ethics for nursing.
· Explain the rationale for coordinated care plans based on ethical decision making.
· Competency 5: Explain how health care policies affect patient-centered care.
· Identify the potential impact of specific health care policy provisions on outcomes and patient experiences.
· Competency 6: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead patient-centered care.
· Raise awareness of the nurse’s vital role in the coordination and continuum of care in a video-recorded presentation.
Scoring Guide
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.

CRITERIA

NON-PERFORMANCE

BASIC

PROFICIENT

DISTINGUISHED

Outline effective strategies for collaborating with patients and their families to achieve desired health outcomes.

Identify the aspects of change management that directly affect elements of the patient experience essential to the provision of high-quality, patient-centered care.
Explain the rationale for coordinated care plans based on ethical decision making.
Identify the potential impact of specific health care policy provisions on outcomes and patient experiences.
Raise awareness of the nurse’s vital role in the coordination and continuum of care in a video-recorded presentation.

Apply information literacy and library research skills to obtain scholarly information in the field of health care.

Introduction

In your health care career, you will be confronted with many problems that demand a solution. By using research skills, you can learn what others are doing and saying about similar problems. Then, you can analyze the problem and the people and systems it affects. You can also examine potential solutions and their ramifications. This assessment allows you to practice this approach with a real-world problem.

Instructions

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.
Describe the health care problem or issue you selected for use in Assessment 2 (from the Assessment Topic Areas media piece) and provide details about it.
Explore your chosen topic. For this, you should use the first four steps of the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach to aid your critical thinking. This approach was introduced in Assessment 2.
Identify possible causes for the problem or issue.
Use scholarly information to describe and explain the health care problem or issue and identify possible causes for it.
Identify at least three scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles about the topic.
You may find the How Do I Find Peer-Reviewed Articles? library guide helpful in locating appropriate references.
You may use articles you found while working on Assessment 2 or you may search the Capella library for other articles.
You may find the applicable Undergraduate Library Research Guide helpful in your search.
Review the Think Critically About Source Quality to help you complete the following:
Assess the credibility of the information sources.
Assess the relevance of the information sources.
Analyze the health care problem or issue.
Describe the setting or context for the problem or issue.
Describe why the problem or issue is important to you.
Identify groups of people affected by the problem or issue.
Provide examples that support your analysis of the problem or issue.
Discuss potential solutions for the health care problem or issue.
Describe what would be required to implement a solution.
Describe potential consequences of ignoring the problem or issue.
Provide the pros and cons for one of the solutions you are proposing.
Explain the ethical principles (Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy, and Justice) if potential solution was implemented.
Describe what would be necessary to implement the proposed solution.
Explain the ethical principles that need to be considered (Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy, and Justice) if the potential solution was implemented.
Provide examples from the literature to support the points you are making.
Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:

introduction

Selecting a topic for your written assessments can be challenging, but it’s important to make a thoughtful choice.
Choose a topic area of interest to you from the topic suggestions in this media piece. You will use this topic to complete Assessments 2 and 3. Be sure to select a topic that will be manageable for a written assessment.
To explore the chosen topic, you should use the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach, focusing on the sections specifically called out in the assessment guidelines.

Topic 3: Medication Errors

Short Description:
A medication error is a preventable adverse effect of a patient taking the wrong medication or dosage, whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. Medication errors can be a source of serious patient harm, including death.
Potential Intervention Approaches:
– Medical staff education
– Packaging improvements
– Patient medication safety training
Keywords for Articles:
medication administration, medication errors, medication safety

Socratic Problem-Solving Approach

The Socratic Method is a teaching style in which teachers ask students questions designed to stimulate more complete thinking and deeper insight. It also relates to the steps of performing scientific research. When the Socratic approach is applied, students are prompted to look more closely at your ideas, question your assumptions and accepted premises, and view your choices through a rigorous lens.
Apply the Socratic approach
Applying the Socratic approach to problem solving helps you identify gaps and improve your thinking when writing papers or completing projects. The questions may be used to spark new insights when responding to discussion topics and posts.
Apply the Socratic approach
Applying the Socratic approach to problem solving helps you identify gaps and improve your thinking when writing papers or completing projects. The questions may be used to spark new insights when responding to discussion topics and posts.
Identify the elements of the problem, issue, or question
Analyze, define, and frame the problem, issue, or question
Consider solutions, responses, or answers
Choose a solution, response, or answer
Implement your choice
Evaluate the results

Competencies Measured:

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: Apply information literacy and library research skills to obtain scholarly information in the field of health care.
Use scholarly information to describe and explain a health care problem or issue and identify possible causes for it.
Competency 2: Apply scholarly information through critical thinking to solve problems in the field of health care.
Analyze a health care problem or issue by describing the context, explaining why it is important and identifying populations affected by it.
Discuss potential solutions for a health care problem or issue and describe what would be required to implement a solution.
Competency 3: Apply ethical principles and academic standards to the study of health care.
Explain the ethical principles (Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy, and Justice) if potential solution was implemented
Competency 4: Write for a specific audience, in appropriate tone and style, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Write following APA style for in-text citations, quotes, and references.

Respond to 4 colleagues by suggesting other middle-range theories for them to consider. Support your recommendations with at least one scholarly article to share with each colleague.

Respond to 4 colleagues by suggesting other middle-range theories for them to consider. Support your recommendations with at least one scholarly article to share with each colleague.

1. Nursing theory is a framework that provides nurses with a way to understand the nursing process and to guide their practice. (Roy, 2021). It helps nurses to make decisions about patient care, to communicate with other healthcare professionals, and to evaluate the effectiveness of their interventions.
Nursing practice, on the other hand, is the application of nursing theory to the care of patients. (Younas & Quennell, 2019).  It is how nurses use their expertise to help patients achieve their desired health outcomes.
Based on these definitions, nursing practice bridges scientific theory and quality nursing care. It is through nurse practice that scientific theories are put into action and that new knowledge is generated to improve the care of patients. (Ziegler, 2005).
The two are inseparable because nursing theory is developed from nursing practice, and nursing practice is informed by nursing theory. As nurses gain experience in practice, they can contribute to developing nursing theory by identifying new problems and challenges and testing and refining existing theories.
One area of practice concern is the significant nursing shortage in today’s environment and the inability to recruit highly skilled nurses into intensive care units (ICUs). This forces some healthcare organizations to hire new graduates directly into ICUs. Those novice nurses may not be equipped with the right skill set to deal with the work environment’s intensity and manage patients’ and families’ inability to deal with uncertainty and stress.
In this week’s discussion, I will look into an area of nursing practice related to equipping novice nurses in ICUs with the right skill set using Benner’s Model of Skill Acquisition to help families of critically ill patients deal with and adapt to stress using Hill’s theory of Family Stress and Adaptation.
This can be achieved by implementing middle range theories rather than grand theories, where, in this case, middle range theories in nursing serve as more specific and less abstract frameworks than grand theories. They are tailored to elucidate specific phenomena within nursing practice. These theories frequently serve as guiding principles for research and practical application, effectively bridging the gap between grand theories and real-world practice. (Smith & Liehr, 2008).
Using Benner’s nursing skill acquisition model, novice nurses with minimal experience can develop their skills in educating families of critically ill patients about stress management and adaptation to the new reality. Benner’s model underscores the notion that nursing expertise is cultivated through experiential learning. As nurses accumulate experience, they enhance their clinical judgment, sharpen their on-the-spot decision-making skills, and develop a profound comprehension of their patients and their unique requirements. This can help nurses cascade their learning in stages and build their confidence over time, which could also positively impact retaining novice nurses in hospitals by avoiding early turnover (Murray & Cope, 2019).
Hill’s original ABCX model, later expanded to the double ABCX Model, builds on the original theory of family adaptation to stress when dealing with long-term and chronic conditions (McEwen & Wills, 2019). When nurses are familiar with this model, they would understand that families faced with difficult situations will have to develop, over the course of the situation, abilities to overcome the hardships, mitigate the stress levels, and ultimately return back to a reasonably normal state. (McEwen & Wills, 2019)
Middle range nursing theories can significantly impact the nursing practice by guiding the development of nursing interventions, improving the quality of nursing care, promoting evidence-based practice, and advancing nursing science and theory. Overall, middle range theories can be a valuable tool for nurses to improve the quality of care they provide to their patients.
2. Nursing practice encompasses the daily clinical work of nurses in caring for patients across diverse settings and populations. The focus of nursing practice is providing excellent evidence-based care to improve patient outcomes. However, translating knowledge into the complex realities of practice remains an ongoing challenge. Thoughtfully selected nursing theories can guide nurses in improving care delivery for specific populations and issues (McEwen & Wills, 2019). In my own mental health nursing practice, I have identified medication non-adherence among patients with severe mental illness as a priority issue requiring attention. Medication non-adherence leads to higher rates of relapse, re-hospitalization, and poor long-term outcomes in conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Applying relevant middle range nursing theories could enhance my ability to understand and address this issue in practice (McEwen & Wills, 2019).
Nursing theories are organized conceptual frameworks designed to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe nursing care. Grand theories, like Martha Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings, provide broad understandings of the core concepts of nursing (McEwen & Wills, 2019). However, middle range theories have a more limited scope focused on particular populations, settings, or nursing problems. According to McEwen and Wills (2019),  middle range theories are more pragmatic and applicable to focused practice issues like medication non-adherence. For this issue, I have identified two excellent middle range theories to apply – the Health Belief Model and Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory.
The Health Belief Model posits that a person’s health behavior is determined by their perceived susceptibility to a health problem, perceived severity of the consequences, perceived benefits of taking action, perceived barriers to taking action, cues/reminders to take action, and self-efficacy or confidence in their ability to succeed (Khalifeh et al., 2023). To apply this model to medication adherence, nurses would assess patients’ perceptions in each of these areas through questioning and active listening. According to Khalifeh et al. (2023), the nurse could target education and interventions to address any misconceptions, highlight benefits, problem-solve around barriers, provide reminders, and build the patient’s confidence in being able to take their medications consistently.
Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory identifies when nursing care is needed – when an individual is unable to fulfill biological, psychological, developmental, or social self-care needs (Sheng & Meng, 2020). For medication adherence, this may involve deficits in knowledge of the medication regimen, motivation to take medications, or ability to organize and remember doses. Nurses conduct assessments to identify any self-care deficits. According to Sheng and Meng (2020), the goal is to support the patient in developing the necessary knowledge, will, and concrete skills to perform self-care and gain autonomy. Nursing interventions guided by this theory for medication adherence may include patient education on medications, motivational interviewing to improve willingness, teaching habit formation and reminder strategies, family/social support, simplified regimens, pill organizers, and other techniques to build self-care capabilities (Sheng & Meng, 2020). Regular reassessment identifies any continuing deficits requiring nursing support.
In conclusion, thoughtfully applying middle range nursing theories like the Health Belief Model and Orem’s Theory can provide invaluable frameworks for addressing medication non-adherence in mental health practice. These theories illuminate the cognitive, emotional, and functional factors influencing this health behavior while suggesting targeted nursing interventions. More broadly, nursing theories provide guiding conceptual understandings that support excellence in the applied clinical work of nursing practice across settings and populations (McEwen & Wills, 2019).
3. According to Afaf Meleis (2010), Transition Theory focuses on individuals adapting to new roles or situations. In addressing the high turnover rate among newly graduated nurses, Meleis’s transition theory can provide insights into understanding new nurses’ challenges and stressors during their transition from student to professional nurse. Meleis’s theory emphasizes providing support, guidance, and resources to facilitate successful role transitions. By utilizing this theory, healthcare organizations can develop structured orientation programs, mentorship initiatives, and ongoing professional development opportunities for new nurses. These interventions can help new nurses navigate the transition more smoothly, enhance their confidence, and improve their job satisfaction, thus reducing turnover rates.
For example, a hospital could implement a mentorship program where experienced nurses are paired with new graduates. This mentorship can provide emotional support, share practical insights, and offer guidance during transition. Additionally, providing educational workshops and resources designed for new nurses can empower them to develop the necessary skills and competencies for their roles, increasing their job satisfaction and commitment to the organization.
Albert Bandura (1986) states that Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning and self-efficacy in behavior change. In addressing high turnover rates among new nurses, Bandura’s theory can be valuable in enhancing their confidence and motivation to remain in their positions. New nurses often learn from their peers and role models, and by observing successful nurses who manage the challenges of the clinical setting, they can build their self-efficacy and sense of competence. Bandura’s theory suggests that providing opportunities for new nurses to observe and interact with skilled and confident nurses can positively impact their belief in their ability to handle the demands of their roles.
To apply this theory, hospitals can organize regular meetings or workshops where experienced nurses share their success stories, their challenges during their initial years, and how they overcame them. This can help new nurses see the progression and growth possible over time, increasing their self-efficacy. Incorporating positive reinforcement and recognition for new nurses who demonstrate practical clinical skills and problem-solving can further enhance their self-efficacy and job satisfaction.
Framing Practice Issue with Middle Range Theories:
Using Meleis’s transition theory, the hospital can develop a comprehensive orientation program that includes mentorship, preceptorship, and ongoing education tailored to new nurses’ needs. This would ensure that new nurses receive the necessary support and resources during their transition, enhancing job satisfaction and reducing turnover rates.
Applying Bandura’s social cognitive theory, the hospital can create opportunities for new nurses to observe experienced nurses in action, providing them with role models to learn from and boosting their confidence in their abilities. This can increase job satisfaction and a higher likelihood of remaining in their positions.
4. Healthcare is a tough job that has many complexities involved and being a leader in healthcare can be very challenging. I find this to be most true post Covid. I feel like there has always been a nursing shortage but post Covid it seems worse. At this time I think the shortage in staff as a whole is causing one of the most concerning practice issues. This shortage is not just nursing it appears to be in all work areas; transport, dietary, supply chain, etc. However, my greatest concern at this point involves nurses as my organization continues to talk about how this shortage is going to get worse. With nurses being essential and making up such a large group of professionals this will obviously impact the quality and type of care delivered in the future (Tamata & Mohammadnezhad, 2023). This shortage however is not isolated to my state or my organization but is a global issue. Covid added to this burden causing a high burnout rate among nursing staff. I think another big issue that is important to highlight is an increase in work violence that impacts work satisfaction negatively. Verbal abuse is reported as the highest form of abuse in healthcare with staff in an inpatient setting is impacted at much higher rates then those in an outpatient setting (Hadden, Annamaraju, & Toney-Butler, 2023). There are so many factors overall though that impact the shortage these are just a few.
Middle range theories can be beneficial in outlining a solution to a problem and how to go about fixing it. Through the use of Pender’s Health Promotion model leaders can use information to determine what impacts are effecting positive health promotion and predict behaviors associated with it. The Pender model has been used successfully by many nursing scholars to determine and predict health behaviors (McEwen & Wills 2019). I think it is important to look at these health behaviors and predict how individuals will act and respond to promote better health outcomes. With there being a nursing shortage and prediction that the shortage is just going to get worse we must begin planning. This planning would be helpful for the best outcomes if we could understand the actual needs of our patients and predict the best delivery of the treatments. Overall health promotion can help individuals stay healthier and in turn out of hospitals easing a burden on staff. It was thought that Covid kept individuals from seeking treatment in fear of going into medical settings, thus putting off health and health promotion. Thus making individuals sicker and requiring more complex care when they did finally seek treatment. With the use of Pender’s Model health promotion and preventative care could be of great benefit to keeping individuals out of the hospital unless absolutely necessary. This in turn would ease up the load on nursing and medical staff. 
Transitions Theory is another middle range theory that could help with staffing shortage. We looked at how health promotion and prediction of health behaviors can keep individuals out of the hospitals thus lowering the medical load and burden, but this is a different approach. Transitions Theory looks at what a person is capable of actually doing. Looking at an individuals cultural needs and social diversity helps to identify a certain group of patients and their needs. We are striving for individualized care as a whole, but tend to forget that the patient has many factors that impact their overall readiness to learn, ability to learn, and capability of learning how to care for themselves and factors to keep them healthy. The focus is still on prevention of care and keeping individuals out of the hospitals, but this theory looks at it in a deeper level. This focus would also promote a deeper understanding of an individuals illnesses. For example, a thorough discharge plan with individualized education for that particular patients learning and social needs would be beneficial to keeping the patient compliant and not returning (McEwen & Wills 2019). Essentially, through the use of both Pender’s Model and Transitions Theory the focus is to keep the individual informed of their own overall health, provide patient centered education that they understand, provide support, and health promotion. The goal with these approaches are to keep individuals healthier and out of the hospitals and medical centers unless necessary, thus decreasing the workloads on staff.