What occupational therapy interventions have been reported in the literature for older adults in care home settings?
Scoping review protocol
Title
Occupational therapy interventions for older adults in care home settings which support occupational engagement: a scoping review protocol.
Background
The United Kingdom’s (UK) population is aging, with rapid growth in the number of over 65s expected in the coming decades. Consequently, older adult healthcare services will experience pressure to accommodate changing and contemporary health needs of an aging population. It is estimated there are around 410,000 residents in UK care homes.
Transitioning into long-term residential care is a major life event for older adults that can lead to a loss of autonomy and social relationships, a narrowing of daily occupations, and a reduction in sense of identity as they attempt to adapt to the routines in their new home. Stigma and ageism associated with older adults in care home settings can remove their status as occupational beings and recreate them as unable, frail and in poor health. A balance must be found between institutional needs and resident needs thus, care homes are tasked with the challenge of creating an environment that fulfils a
dual function as a place in which formal care can be provided without compromising residents’ meaningful activities, sense of home or quality of life.
A 2017 report highlighted a low prevalence of occupational engagement in Scottish care homes where only 55% of homes provide daily organised activities and 10% do not provide any opportunities for active engagement of people with dementia. Similar narratives are observable in care homes outside of Scotland where multiple studies recognise a positive relationship between meaningful activity and quality of life yet have observed high levels of resident inactivity in care homes. Many residents spend the majority of the day passively seated, activity provided is unchallenging, and life revolves
around personal care and mealtimes.
The purpose of this scoping review is to map the existing literature on occupational therapy interventions for older adults residing in a care home setting which enable occupational engagement and to report how the outcome of these interventions are measured.
Review question
What occupational therapy interventions have been reported in the literature for older adults in care home settings?
What outcome measures have been reported in studies investigating occupational therapy interventions in care home settings?
Introduce and explain the concepts used within business systems and processes
Assignment Context:
This assignment allows you to show your understanding of the concepts discussed within the module, and to draw on those within your own organisation or for a client, or an alternative organisational setting if yours is not possible. This will be by developing a business case for a business process change project. You will have opportunities to conduct analysis and modelling that will support the identification of strategic positions and options for the identified organisation.
Task 1: (15%) Introduction to Business Process management
Introduce and explain the concepts used within business systems and processes. You should discuss the module concepts which are based around the following key themes, engineering and quality control, business process redesign and process automation. When showing your understanding of the concepts, you should apply these to your organisation of choice, rather than simply discussing what the concept is.
Task 2: (25%) Process Analysis and Modelling
Analyse a specific critical business process within a functional unit or a critical business process for an organisation. This is to scope the business process problem and subsequently analyse and model the current process. High-level and low-level detail, including relevant analysis/modelling diagrams, should be included with a discussion around the benefits and challenges of the current process.
Task 3: (25%) Process Redesign and Modelling
Discuss two options for process redesign and modelling for the chosen business process. This may refer to the analysis from Task 2 but must include relevant module material. High-level and low-level detail, including relevant analysis/modelling diagrams, should be included in addition to the benefits and challenges these process changes will bring to the company and provide the reader with an understanding of the company’s viable options and a justified recommendation.
Task 4: (25%) Process Implementation
Discuss implementation and process management of the business process from Task 3 using relevant module material. Review the role of technology and reflect on the tools/concepts that can be utilised to assess viability to support organisational choices. You may consider one or more of the following technologies or choose other alternatives in your reflection: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Robotic Process Automation (RPA) as possible areas of discussion.
Academic Conventions: (10%)
Up to 10 marks can be awarded for the entire task for the overall structure, strength of argument, referencing and use of language including the use of the Roehampton Harvard Referencing Style. For an excellent performance, your work will be based on several good qualities and relevant resources.
Please note:
The completed tools/concepts should be included in your appendices and discussed within the main body of your report. They must be appropriately referenced using Roehampton’s latest full Harvard Reference guide. Third person is required for this assignment.
Is the health care system in the United States prepared to deal with increasing numbers of emerging diseases previously thought to only occur in foreign countries?
Emerging Diseases
Write an essay on the following topic:
Is the health care system in the United States prepared to deal with increasing numbers of emerging diseases previously thought to only occur in foreign countries?
It is argued that the 4V model offers a complete definition of big data. Discuss the four characteristics of big data
Big data is fundamentally changing the way businesses operate and compete.
Hence, those companies that invest and successfully obtain value from their data
will have a distinct advantage over their competitors.
(i) It is argued that the 4V model offers a complete definition of big data. Discuss
the four characteristics of big data. (ii) Using examples to illustrate your answer,
discuss some of the organisational benefits and challenges around big dat
What are four ways Polk and Mitchell demonstrate what it means to be an engaged citizen?
1. https://youtu.be/lq4o8P_seMc
2. https://youtu.be/1pH9WKEc84g
3. https://youtu.be/myUx8XEmY28
Watch the three YouTube clips of Judge Mitchell and Ray Polk.
Then post the following:
1. What are four ways Polk and Mitchell demonstrate what it means to be an engaged citizen?
2. Where do you see their values and desire to listen to others embedded in what they do?
3. Where do you see reciprocity in these examples?
4. What are three take aways or inspiring messages you now better understand, regarding what it means to serve others?
Discuss the importance of leadership by drawing on a case study/news – this needs to be a very specific discussion showing thoughts and depth rather than discussing on a surface level
King’s College London – MSc Leadership and Development
Course Link (Must Read): https://www.kcl.ac.uk/study/postgraduate-taught/courses/leadership-and-development-msc
Paragraph 1 & 2: This paragraph is intended to demonstrate critical thinking skills and awareness of the key issues related to leadership studies specifically in the realm of how it affects a nation’s development
• Discuss the importance of leadership by drawing on a case study/news – this needs to be a very specific discussion showing thoughts and depth rather than discussing on a surface level
• What have you learnt from this case study/news/personal experience about the connection between leadership and social development?
• What is your view? How does this example inspired you to specialise in Leadership and Development following your undergraduate degree in Business Management at Northumbria University?
Paragraph 3:
• Discuss about why you are the perfect candidate.
• Outline the specific skills you have demonstrated throughout your academic years that are relevant to this course. Please use STAR method to show real work involved and not just flagging a specific skill.
• Undergraduate Background: BA (Hons) Business Management
• You need to link your academic background to this master’s degree you are applying to by explaining how this academic experience make you the perfect candidate
Paragraph 4:
• Talk about an internship experience relevant to this course
• Give the name of the company, job, duration. What the job entails, and more importantly, your contribution and what you take away from this experience
• How did it frame the way you perceive leadership and society’s development?
Paragraph 5:
• Discuss why KCL is the right environment to pursue postgraduate study. Instead of mentioning KCL’s achievement, you need to mention how each of these links to you
Paragraph 6:
• Go to the link I provided, and discuss a research paper by one of the researchers at African Leadership studies. How this paper show innovativeness and insights.
Paragraph 4:
• Using an internship experience, demonstrate that this job experience has introduced me to public policy consulting work, and how that inspired me to specialise in the area of leadership study. The company name can be created according what you like but the internship should be said to have happened in China.
• In this job experience, you need to be quite detailed in explaining your contribution in the work and how that links to your motivation to pursue MSc leadership and development
Paragraph 5:
– Discuss about why you want to study at King’s College London and specifically why at African Leadership Centre at KCL.
– Please visit https://www.kcl.ac.uk/alc/research and choose one research paper and briefly discuss the strength of the paper and why that demonstrate the research capabilities of KCL.
– Also please research other points that are good about KCL
critically analyse and evaluate why domestic violence has a devastating impact on children and young people that last into adulthood.
Project topic / title Parenting through domestic abuse, the psycho-social consequences of domestic violence on child development.
Aims & Objectives
The aim of this research project is to critically analyse and evaluate why domestic violence has a devastating impact on children and young people that last into adulthood.
Children can experience both short and long term cognitive, behavioural and emotional effects as a result of witnessing domestic abuse. Children are individual and may respond to witnessing abuse in different ways. Children may also feel angry, guilty, insecure, alone, frightened, powerless or confused, they may have ambivalent feelings towards both the abuser and the non-abusing parent (Gilbert et al., 2009).
In aim of this project, the researcher is proposing to identify the devastating long-term effects of domestic abuse on the child’s mental and emotional development, how social workers can prevent family abuse, and how they can participate in the healing process of abused children.
Methodology / Project Design
By the use of secondary research, the researcher will build this project based on journal articles and specialized bibliography such as: Journal of Family Violence, The Effects of Child Abuse and Exposure to Domestic Violence on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing behaviour Problems, Google Scholar, ProQuest, National Library of Medicine.
Poverty has a bigger impact on physical abuse, domestic abuse leads in most cases to family disintegration, violence or suicide (Cooper, 2008).
Paxson and Waldfogel (2005), find that increases in the fraction of children in extreme poverty result in increases in maltreatment. For example, if the fraction of children below 75 percent of the poverty line rises from 10 percent to 15 percent in a state, the number of total victims of maltreatment is estimated to rise by 22 percent.
The most relevant articles will be critically analysed by the researcher and will provide the project the most accurate and up-to-date information about the psycho-social consequences of domestic violence on child development.
According to LWA report (2020), abuse in England has increased by 16 % with the pandemic. Based on this report, the topic of this research project will focus on: what causes the abuser to abuse, what is the impact of child abuse on mental and behavioural development and what are the solutions to prevent domestic abuse in time.
In other words, before the researcher can move forward on the project, an approval from the organisation’s authorized person and College committee is required.
The researcher aims to use qualitative and quantitative methods in this project, furthermore, the researcher will also follow the NCG Ethics Training and NCG Research Ethics Policy and Procedures at all time.
The proposed research is of great significance because children who are maltreated are in need of advocates to help distance from abusive situation. Social workers have the ability to aid children who are threatened by violence through education and prevention.
Are the people in the room a good proxy for their customers? Are the young managers a better proxy than the older managers?
Sample Mini Case
A large electronics manufacturer wishes to issue a new “wearable.” The company wants to design it such that it will make money with the purchase of the unit, of course, but that it will also make money as its customers use it. In addition, the company would like to capture data about the customers’ profiles, in terms of their activities, spending patterns, etc. Wearables vary in many ways, and initially, the brand management team proposed to issue a design that looked like a small smartphone, to be worn on the user’s wrist. Given the still relative novelty of such units, they thought they’d charge on the high end, about $100, maybe even instituting a small annual fee. To get
supplementary data, they thought they’d issue periodic surveys, about once a quarter, via the unit or via e-mail. The youngest marketer, newest to the team asked, “Well, that’s good for us, but how is it attractive to our customers? Why would they want this unit—when there are plenty of others out there?” One old manager shot out a withering look. Well, that’ll teach the young person to speak up in the meeting. But the senior-most manager spoke up and said, “Well, you’re right, we’re only looking at it from our point of view. What would this wearable look like that our customers would want—and that can be profitable to us?” What would help these marketers? What steps could they take to design a wearable that would be both optimally appealing to its customers (and perhaps attract new customers), as well as optimally profitable? A wearable could vary on many parameters, such as whether it would be worn on the wrist like a watch, or as an earbud like music headphones or smartphone speakers, or as an add-on unit to glasses. Early prototypes suggested that while earbuds or eyeglass designs were good at capturing GPS, they weren’t as versatile in sup- porting multiple apps, and they weren’t as precise as exercise (step) counters (for example, the head didn’t
move as distinctly as the user’s wrist while walking). That is what led the brand managers to ask the designers to create a wrist-wearable. Even so, there were many possibilities: Should the unit look like a small smartphone or like a nice classic wrist- watch in design? Should the apps be accessed by touch only or should the apps also be voice-activated? Should there be an annual licensing fee? Should they allow co-branding with affiliations (e.g., a professional sports team or one’s college alma mater)? Which features should be recommended as the unit is designed? This electronics firm has little experience in marketing research as well, so the older managers were uncertain as to how to proceed. One mentioned a focus group, another suggested an ethnography, and a third mentioned surveys. The information that is sought, as well as the method by which the information would be obtained, are both to be determined. Naturally, the company wants to roll out the new wearable as soon as possible, so while the research project could be well-funded, they would face time pressure
and would have to be judicious in their choice of research avenues.
Case Discussion Questions
1. Are the old managers right? A lot of other wearables focus on counting steps or enabling apps. Is that what this group should design, so as to be seen as a legitimate competitor and not confuse customers, or should they design something different to be seen as innovative?
2. Are the people in the room a good proxy for their customers? Are the young managers a better proxy than the older managers?
3. What additional information would be helpful to strengthen a recommendation?
4. How would that information best be obtained?
Sample Solution guidelines for case
Problem identification
The key to this case is to be able to define the problem from the perspective of marketing managers who need to acquire consumer preferences for wearables. In all cases, remember to use the lens of a marketing manager to view the problem. However, this by itself is not sufficient – you need to gain insights by viewing the situation from the perspectives of as many
market actors as possible to gain a comprehensive view. To this end, the company needs customer data. It should try to obtain information on consumers’ perceptions of the attractiveness of the possible attributes and benefits (e.g., watch look versus smartphone look, voice activated versus touch activated, etc.). Therefore, the problem is the lack of sufficient
consumer data to make an informed choice about product attributes.
Quantitative Reasoning and Analysis
Your personal opinion does not matter when you write up a case – you need to discover what the customers will find attractive (i.e., conduct some marketing research). This is where you need to consider a comprehensive approach that utilizes the Industry and SWOT Analysis framework to identify specific information/research needed. You may recommend a product with a specific set of features (e.g. should look like an attractive watch). I expect all
recommendations to be supported by an analysis of secondary research (see a couple of screenshots from data obtained from Statista below). I have noted below a number of different information sources including WPU library databases (e.g., Statista, IBISWorld, etc.) that can be used to obtain information about consumers, markets, companies, industries, etc. This lends
strength to your analysis. For instance, Statista has detailed reports on the potential for wearables (see screenshots at the end of this note)
Discussion and Recommendations In this case, one would expect recommendations for methods used to solicit consumer preferences for wearables. Please try to list the pros and cons of method/s you recommend.
For instance, surveys and focus groups may be used to collect data about consumer preferences.
This is usually fine when consumers understand the product and are clear about preferences – however, when there are tradeoffs to be made (e.g., bulky and full of features versus slim and essential functions only), a more useful marketing research approach is to use conjoint experiments.
Information sources:
1. WPU Library databases, Statista, IBISWorld, Hoover’s. See
https://libservices.wpunj.edu/library/ERClist/erclist-2.cfm#M Use your WPU login for access.
2. Pew Research Reports. See https://www.pewresearch.org/
Review the company’s website to learn about the products and services which it sells via e-Commerce.
Project 2 – e-Commerce Risk Analysis
Description
E-Commerce companies have become increasingly important in this era of global pandemics and resulting restrictions on businesses and individuals. Consumers are ordering products online in larger numbers than ever before due to business closures or restricted operating hours. Companies positioned in the e-Commerce industry are experiencing growth beyond previous predictions. But, at the same time, some E-commerce companies are seeing their business decline drastically due to travel restrictions and the reluctance of businesses and individuals to travel for any but the most critical of reasons. Added into the risk picture are risks from the actions of cybercriminals, hackers, and nation-state actors are taking advantage of these unsettled times resulting in increased risks for companies whose business models depend upon the Internet for financial transactions, orders, and communications both internal and external.
For this project, you will begin by researching a publicly traded company that engages in e-Commerce. Please make sure that you are using CURRENT information (2019 or later). You will then review the company’s risk statements as published each year in the company’s Annual Report to Investors (also published in the company’s annual filing of SEC Form 10-K). After analyzing the company’s e-Commerce operations and its risk statements about those activities, you will construct and document your own cybersecurity risk analysis which focuses upon the company’s e-Commerce activities (including all supporting business processes).
A list of approved companies appears at the end of this file (see Table 1). If you wish to use a company not on the approved list you must first obtain the approval of your instructor.
Note: before beginning this assignment, you should review NIST SP 800-30 R1: Guide for Conducting Risk Assessments. Pay special attention to Appendix D: “Threat Sources: Taxonomy of Threats Sources Capable of Initiating Threat Events” and Appendix H: “Impact: Effects of Threat Events on Organizations, Individuals, and the Nation.”
Research Your Chosen Company
1. Review the company’s website to learn about the products and services which it sells via e-Commerce.
2. Retrieve and review the Hoovers profile for the company. These profiles are written by professional analysts; pay close attention to the types of questions the analysts ask and answer in the company profile. Use this URL to access the database http://ezproxy.umgc.edu/login?url=https://www.mergentonline.com/Hoovers
3. Use the search bar at the top of the “Search & Build a List” tab to find your chosen company.
4. The company profile web pages in the Hoovers database are interactive and have expanding menus / options (see figure below). You may find it helpful to use the “OneStop Report” button to generate a PDF version of the information. Select “Core” under categories (Available Fields: Company Summary, Contacts, Corporate Family, Corporate Overview, SWOT, and News). Click on the field names in the middle column to select them for your report.
5. After you have looked at the company website and the Hoovers report, Identify 3 or more additional sources of information about the company and how it operates in cyberspace. These can be news articles, data breach reports, etc. Focus on finding information that addresses how the company is responding in the current economic environment (2019 or later).
6. Using the information obtained from your sources, identify the types of information and business operations which drive this company’s need for cybersecurity products and services. (What needs to be protected?)
Analyze the Company’s Risk Statements
1. Using the links from Table 1 (at the end of this file), download a copy of your selected company’s most recent Annual Report to Investors from its Form 10-K filing with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. (Note: the company is the author of its Form 10-K. Do not list the SEC as the author.)
2. Read and analyze the Risk Factors section in the company’s report to investors (Item 1.A). This section is a professionally written risk analysis that has been written for a specific audience. Pay close attention to what the company includes as risk factors and how the writers chose to present this information.
3. Analyze the risk factors to determine which ones are related to e-Commerce / Internet operations or are otherwise affected by the use of information in digital form and Information Technology systems and infrastructures. Make a list that shows what information, digital assets, and/or business operations (processes) need to be protected from cyberattacks and/or cybercrime (including insiders and external threats) and the type of risk or threat that could affect those assets and processes.
Write
1. An introduction section which identifies the company being discussed and provides a brief introduction to the company including when it was founded and significant events in its history.
2. A business profile for the company. This information should include: headquarters location, key personnel, primary types of business activities and locations, major products or services sold by the company, major competitors, stock information (including ticker symbol or NASDAQ code), recent financial performance, and additional relevant information from the business profiles. (Use information from Hoovers and other authoritative sources)
3. An overview of the company’s e-Commerce operations which summarizes information obtained from its annual report, the Hoovers profile for the company, and other sources which you found in your research.
4. A separate section in which you describe this company’s needs or requirements for cybersecurity. What information and/or business operations need to be protected? While your focus should be upon the company’s e-Commerce activities, you should also address the back-office or supporting information and business processes required to deliver those e-commerce activities.
5. A separate section which provides a detailed summary of the identified risks and potential impacts upon the company’s operations as a whole. What are the likely sources of threats or attacks for each type of information or business operation? (E.g. protect customer information from disclosure or theft during online purchase transactions.). What are the possible impacts should these risks occur? You may present your summary in table format.
Submit for Grading
Submit your work in MS Word format (.docx or .doc file) using the Project #2 Assignment in your assignment folder. (Attach the file.)
Additional Information
1. Your 5-8 page e-Commerce Risk Analysis should be professional in appearance with consistent use of fonts, font sizes, margins, etc. You should use headings to organize your paper. The CSIA program recommends that you follow standard APA formatting since this will give you a document that meets the “professional appearance” requirements. APA formatting guidelines and examples are found under Course Resources. An APA template file (MS Word format) has also been provided for your use CSIA_Paper_Template(TOC+TOF,2021).docx.
2. Your paper should use standard terms and definitions for cybersecurity.
3. You must include a cover page with the assignment title, your name, and the due date. Your reference list must be on a separate page at the end of your file. These pages do not count towards the assignment’s minimum page count. (An example and template file are available in the LEO classroom.
4. You are expected to write grammatically correct English in every assignment that you submit for grading. Do not turn in any work without (a) using spell check, (b) using grammar check, (c) verifying that your punctuation is correct and (d) reviewing your work for correct word usage and correctly structured sentences and paragraphs.
5. You are expected to credit your sources using in-text citations and reference list entries. Both your citations and your reference list entries must follow a consistent citation style (APA, MLA, etc.).
What types of risks or vulnerabilities could be transferred from a supplier and/or imposed upon a purchaser of cybersecurity related products and/or services?
What types of risks or vulnerabilities could be transferred from a supplier and/or imposed upon a purchaser of cybersecurity related products and/or services?
