State and describe three manufacturing cost terms.

State and describe three manufacturing cost terms. Provide an example of each term in your own words. Based on your reading and outside research, please communicate your own understanding of the requirements. Citations and references are required.

Requirements: 250 Words

Evaluate ways in which quality has improved or not improved since 2010.

Complete a 3-5 page assessment template analyzing the impacts of The Affordable Care Act on the health care ecosystem we inhabit today and the related significance of one other health care initiative enacted since 2010.

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA or ACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2010. The ACA attempts to increase access to care, reduce cost, and improve quality. Nearly 50 different reform initiatives will be implemented between 2010 and 2017. Although primary care is a major focus of the act, these additional initiatives are focused on 10 different areas, including public health, prevention of disease, community health, and increasing revenue provisions to pay for the reform (Niles, 2021). The law has been controversial due to the mandate that all people in the United States must purchase health insurance. The future is still uncertain for the ACA.

The U.S. government plays a significant role in the operation of the country’s health care system. Quality, access, funding, education, and preventative services are all influenced by the U.S. government (Niles, 2021), and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has further increased the role and involvement of the government in health care. All health care administrators must be knowledgeable on the role of the government. Numerous governmental organizations exist, such as the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the Office of the Surgeon General to name a few. Each organization exists for a specific purpose and has a specific mission. Your role as an administrator will be to understand the scope of these agencies and to help your organization meet or exceed the governmental mandates imposed by each.

As leaders in our field, it is our responsibility to stay on top of current issues and laws and to be visionaries for our organizations. Subscribing to email bulletins and alerts from the various governmental agencies is one way to stay abreast of changing regulations. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS.gov, and Healthcare.gov are excellent resources that all administrators should check on a regular basis. The government, technology, and the changing financial landscape will all continue to impact and change the health care industry (Niles, 2021), and as health care administrators, we must be prepared to quickly respond.

REFERENCE

Niles, N. J. (2021). Basics of the U.S. health care system (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

The U.S. health care system was impacted significantly in 2010 by the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Although the ACA improved access to health care, it emphasized the need for policies that increase funding and to streamline enrollment. Since the implementation of the ACA, newer reform policies and initiatives such as the Hospital Quality Initiative (2012), the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) (2015), the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), and the American Rescue Plan Act (2021) have increased quality initiatives through regulatory laws. In this assessment, you will review the Affordable Care Act and other more recent initiatives to understand the significance of quality evolution.

Reference

Niles, N. J. (2021). Basics of the U.S. health care system (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

INSTRUCTIONS

Using the Assessment 1 Template [DOCX], analyze the impacts of the ACA on the health care ecosystem we inhabit today. As part of this analysis, discuss the related significance of one other health care initiative enacted since 2010. Select this initiative from a list of the following four historical health care quality milestones:

• The Hospital Quality Initiative (2012).
• The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) (2015).
• The Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) (2015).
  • Although MIPS is a component of MACRA, you may choose to focus on it separately.
• The American Rescue Plan Act (2021).

In your assessment template, include the following:

• Title page.
• Introduction.
  • Preview the main themes of your paper.
• Annotated bibliography.
  • Demonstrate research ability by identifying three quality sources supporting the ACA.
  • Demonstrate research ability by identifying three quality sources supporting your chosen focused topic in health care legislation, a regulatory agency, or a quality initiative.
  • Summarize each of the six articles separately to show comprehension of both topics.
  • Include APA citations for each source.
• Draft a summary (1–2 pages) addressing how the ACA and the other topic selected have impacted today’s health care ecosystem.
• Conclusion.
• References.

Note: Your sources for this assessment must be evidence-based research, peer-reviewed journal articles, or reliable primary sources from government or professional organization publications.

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

• Length: Your paper must be a minimum of 3–5 double-spaced pages, not including the title page and References section.
• Font: Times New Roman, 12 point.
• References: Cite and summarize at least six peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles or reliable primary sources from government or professional organization publications.
• Style: Format your paper according to APA style. Refer to Evidence and APA for guidance.

Note: Please review the The Affordable Care Act and Beyond Scoring Guide before you begin the assessment.

The Affordable Care Act and Beyond Scoring Guide

Requirements: See notesATTACHMENTSattachment_1

When it was discovered, why did was the Piltdown Man specimen thought to support the Brain First hypothesis for human evolution?

Thiswritten exam(part 2 of 2)is open book, so you may use the course materials (textbook, lecture

slides etc.) as a reference. However, all your answers must be written in your own words. DO NOT
“cut and paste”, include text written by another student, or work collaboratively with another
student. Doing so would constitute plagiarism and will be prosecuted as such.You are also not
permitted to copy text from your essays in this (or any) course; doing so would be an academic
offense.
Normally, students will be required to submit their course assignments to the University’s plagiarism
detection tool website for a review of textual similarity and detection of possible plagiarism. In doing
so, students will allow their material to be included as source documents in the University’s plagiarism
detection tool reference database, where they will be used solely for the purpose of detecting
plagiarism. The terms that apply to the University’s use of the University’s plagiarism detection tool
service are described on the company web site. Please know that all suspected cases of academic
dishonesty will be investigated following the procedures outlined in the Code of Behaviour on
Academic Matters.
A message from the University of Toronto:
“We at the University of Toronto want you to feel proud of what you accomplish as students. Please
respect all of the hard work you’ve done this year as you complete the following assessment of your
learning by making sure that the work you do here is your own. We don’t expect you to score perfectly
on this assessment and there will be some things that you may not know. Using an unauthorized
resource or asking someone else for the answer robs you of the chance later to feel proud of how well
you did because you’ll know that it wasn’t really your work that got you there. Success in university
isn’t about getting a certain mark, it’s about becoming the very best person you can by enriching
yourself with knowledge, strengthening yourself with skills, and building a healthy self-esteem based
on how much you’ve grown and achieved. No one assessment captures that but your conscience will
stay with you forever. Make yourself and your loved ones proud of the student that you are by
conducting yourself honestly on this assessment.”
Do not distribute this exam. It must not be uploaded to One Class, Discord, WhatsApp or any other
websites. Doing so would be a copyright violation and will be treated as an offense.

Instructions (read this!!):
The following document contains 12 written answer questions; you will be answering 6 of them.
Please complete your exam in a file that you create in a text editor program (e.g., Word).
It must be uploaded to the relevant Quercus Assignment as either a Word file (.doc, .docx) or a .pdf file.
Please double space your answers, using 12 pt. font (preferably Calibri or Times New Roman) and 1”
margins.

THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, SCARBOROUGH
ANTA01 FINAL EXAM SUMMER 2022
PART 2 OF 2

Page 2 of 4

Ensure that you indicate which question each of your answers pertains to. If you answer more than the
required number of questions in a particular section, only the first question(s) answered for each
section will be graded.
Please save the file using the following naming convention:
Last Name_First Name_ANTA01_Exam
This exam is OPEN BOOK; however, you should not be citing anything directly. You should be speaking
in your own voice. Everything you submit must be your own work!
Although the final exam (part 1 and part 2) is scheduled for 2 hours (from 2:00—4:00 p.m.), I have
given you two extra hours, one each at the beginning and end of the exam. This is in the event that if
anyone should experience technical difficulties (e.g., computer won’t turn on, problem accessing
Quercus), there is extra time to deal with those issues. This is not meant as extra time to be spent
writing the exam. The exam was written to be completed in the 2 hours originally allotted. Exams
handed in after 5:00 p.m. will not be accepted.

Take note of how many marks each question is worth. That should help guide the length of your
answers.

There are three sections to this part of the exam:
In Section 1 you must answer 2 of 4 short answer questions, you may answer in point form (6 points
each)
In Section 2 you must answer 3 of 5 short answer questions, you may answer in point form (4 points
each)
In Section 3 you must answer 1 of 3 short answer questions, you may answer in point form (8 points
each)


GOOD LUCK!

THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, SCARBOROUGH
ANTA01 FINAL EXAM SUMMER 2022
PART 2 OF 2

Page 3 of 4

SECTION 1:
Answer 2 of the four questions below for a total of 12 points (6 points each). Please indicate which
question you are answering. The questions in this section may be answered in point form.

SA1.1. Male-male competition and female choice are both examples of what evolutionary
mechanism? Explain both of these terms, making clear how they differ. Provide one example of a
behaviour for each

SA1.2. You are doing fieldwork in Chad in deposits that date to 6 million years old. You discover a
partial skeleton that includes a complete skull, most of a pelvis, and the distal (knee) end of a femur.
What features would you look for on these fossils to determine if this specimen was bipedal? Detail
three features and provide a brief description of why each feature could indicate bipedalism.

SA1.3. You have been hired as an archaeologist to work on an excavation in Turkey. One of your tasks
is to study the faunal assemblage for evidence of domestication. On your very first day at the site, you
uncover the complete skull of a mammal. To determine whether this mammal was domesticated or
not, what three morphological features would you look for and why?

SA1.4. What does the “Clovis First” hypothesis state? What is one major problem with this
hypothesis? Describe the material cultural evidence from one archaeological site discussed in lecture
and explain why it provides evidence contrary to the “Clovis First” hypothesis.


SECTION 2:
You must answer 3 of the following five questions for a total of 12 points (4 points each). Please
indicate which question you are answering. The questions in this section may be answered in point
form.
SA2.1. Using your knowledge of the skeletal features of Homo sapiens and Neandertals, explain 2
morphological differences AND 2 morphological similarities they share.

SA2.2. You are a horse breeder, and you have bred together two black horses. Surprisingly, their
offspring all have brown coats! If coat colour acts as a Mendelian (single gene) trait with only 2
possible alleles, what was the genotype of the black-coated parents? What was the genotype of the
brown-coated offspring? If you wanted to be sure to get a brown horse, what coat-colour should the
parents have? Without doing genetic testing, could you ever be sure of getting a horse with a black
coat?

SA2.3. There are two early hypotheses for human evolution: Brain First and Bipedalism First. Explain
what they mean. When it was discovered, why did was the Piltdown Man specimen thought to
support the Brain First hypothesis for human evolution? Based on our knowledge of the fossil record
today, which hypothesis is best supported: Brain First or Bipedalism first?

THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, SCARBOROUGH
ANTA01 FINAL EXAM SUMMER 2022
PART 2 OF 2

Page 4 of 4

SA2.4. Is there any scientific support for the racial categorization of modern humans? Why or why
not? What are 3 factors that influence human variation?

SA2.5. You are a primatologist working in the tropical forest in Costa Rica. You encounter a member of
an entirely new species of mammal. How exciting! You observe that it is an arboreal, equatorial
mammal, and you have seen it eating some fruit. Using information just from the one individual
observed at one point in time, describe TWO sets of anatomical features you would observe to
determine if it is in fact a primate


SECTION 3:
You must answer 1 of the following three questions for a total of 8 points. The questions in this
section may be answered in point form. Keep in mind that this does not mean the answers will
necessarily be short.
SA3.1. Who is Selam? How do we know her age and sex? What about her is similar to modern
humans, and what is different?

SA3.2. Discuss two ways in which the use of “race” in modern medical practice is damaging to the
health of Black patients.

SA3.3. In our lecture on the development of agriculture we discussed the health consequences of the
initial move to agriculture, as well as the impact humans have had on the world’s ecosystem by
spreading domesticates far beyond their original source areas. How has colonialism magnified the
impacts of these effects in North America, and what can be gained by learning more about Indigenous
diets?


SECTION 4:
BONUS QUESTION
Is there something that you spent time studying that wasn’t asked on the test? What is it and how
does it work?

Requirements: 400ATTACHMENTSattachment_1

What training and other resources will you require to support the new plan?

Part A – Funding Your Plan and ROI(

1) View the video on Project Economics Basics in this week’s EOP videos and then use the Cost-Benefit Analysis Worksheet to calculate ROI, Payback, and IRR for your strategic initiative. The spreadsheet will calculate these items for you, but you will need to input the data from your analysis and forecasts, including:

• The expected revenue impact for the organization from your plan
• The costs of launching your plan, including:

• Acquisition and/or sale of assets
• Salary expenses including hiring, training or performance bonuses, if applicable
• Manufacturing, marketing, operations overhead, etc.
• Ongoing operating expenses that will be tied to the initiative once it is launched
• Cost savings (if your project is focused on operational improvements)

(2) Review your cost-benefit analysis in the worksheet and briefly answer these questions:

• How will you fund the startup and ongoing costs for your strategic initiative?
• How will your plan improve the organization’s financial health relative to its competitors?
• How does your plan compare to your company’s average (or industry average) profit margins for similar projects or services?
• Why is your proposed plan superior to other options to strengthen the long-term financial health of the organization?
• Provide a summary of how you arrived at your investment, revenue, and cost forecasts.

Important: Attach your completed Cost-Benefit Analysis Worksheet with your initial post.

PART B – Your People Plan

Staffing decisions will likely play a critical role in the successful implementation of your strategic plan. Referencing people management practices you have studied in this program and drawing on your own experience, address the following:

• What changes to team structures and key roles will you need make to execute your strategic initiative? Explain.
• Will the head count/salary costs be net positive, negative, or neutral? Why?
• What training and other resources will you require to support the new plan?
• What is the most critical element of your people plan that you will have to get right for your plan to work? Why?

Requirements: Informative, detailed and professional   |   .doc fileATTACHMENTSattachment_1

write a reflection of the material you’ve learned in the course. What did you like? What could be improved?

1)This is a short week and therefore only the initial post is required.

Review all of the chapter topics we have covered thus far.

Select three topics of interest and note:

• What you learned about the topic
• Why you selected the topic
• How you will utilize the topic in the future
• Also, write a reflection of the material you’ve learned in the course. What did you like? What could be improved?

Note: You are required to use at least two-peer reviewed sources (besides your textbook) to answer the above questions. 

Identify some cases of violations of user privacy from current literature and their impact on data science as a profession.

Complete the following assignment in one MS word document:

Chapter 14–discussion question #1, #3, #4 & exercise 2

1. Some say that analytics in general dehumanize manage- rial activities, and others say they do not. Discuss argu- ments for both points of view.
2. 3. What are some of the major privacy concerns in employ- ing intelligent systems on mobile data?
3. 4. Identify some cases of violations of user privacy from current literature and their impact on data science as a profession.

exercise 2

1. 2.Search the Internet to find examples of how intelligent systems can facilitate activities such as empowerment, mass customization, and teamwork.

If a regression analysis was to be completed on body mass index (BMI), what could be an independent variable in that analysis?

Discussion Topic:

If a regression analysis was to be completed on body mass index (BMI), what could be an independent variable in that analysis? Why? If we could, what other independent variables should be included in the analysis? What statistic(s) would show the value of that regression in understanding BMI?

Alternatively, find an article that uses regression analysis to study a medical concern. In that study, what was the dependent variable and what were the independent variable(s)? Further, how would you use this study to highlight the difference between correlations and causation?

Required Reference ( in addition to another Outside Scholarly Resource):
Chapter 13

Holmes, A., Illowsky, B., & Dean, S. (2017). Introductory business statistics. OpenStax. https://openstax.org/details/books/introductory-business-statistics

Assess resources the organization has to help with HRD processes such as location, facilities, expertise in the area of need?

The first step of the ADDIE Model is Assessment. Assessment data must be used to identify gaps between where an organization is performing and where they want to be. This gap could exist due to a strategic or organizational level change or issue (Strategic Analysis), the way tasks are defined or performed within the organization (Task Analysis), or the knowledge, skills, and abilities of the employees within the organization (Person Analysis). SHRM provides information in addition to your text that gives not only detailed outline, but also case studies: https://www.shrm.org/foundation/ourwork/initiatives/resources-from-past-initiatives/Documents/Learning%20System%20Design.pdf (Links to an external site.)

You are to, consider the following situation and concentrate on the assessment portion of the ADDIE process.

You are the HR Director of organization XYZ. XYZ is a domestic manufacturing plant that has declining profits and has consistent complaints of quality and efficiency of delivery of product. Using the assessment portion of the ADDIE model, describe the steps you would take to assess Strategic, Task, and Person Analysis. Within each of the assessment phases, give examples of information that could be found to account for the issues XYZ is experiencing.The answer should include the following steps:

Org/Strategic:

• Review of organizations goals and which ones are being met/not met
• Assess resources the organization has to help with HRD processes such as location, facilities, expertise in the area of need?
• Assess the culture and climate of the org through a survey or focus groups
• Review production issues to include manpower levels/appropriateness, types of complaints, turnover, and absenteeism

Task:

• Job descriptions
• Interviews
• Job observation, etc.
• Performance standards
• Industry standards for similarly situated jobs.
• Job specifications to include KSAOs needed to efficiently and effectively perform the jobs

Person:

• Review of performance appraisal data
• Observe employees
• Collect survey data on required KSAOs from incumbents
• Collect work diaries

Give KSA tests/evaluation

Why was the Sioux Ghost Dance considered to be a form of rebellion?

Please read each section of the assignment carefully and answer in full sentences using proper grammar. Be sure to completely document any sources used within the assignment.

Part 1:

After watching the Video: “The Tragedy of Wounded Knee (The Ghost Dance)” (https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2s12ty  ) answer the following questions:

• Why was the Sioux Ghost Dance considered to be a form of rebellion?
• Why were the Sioux so anxious to believe in the host Dance?

Format: should be between 1 -2 pages, Arial ,double spaced and 12-point font and all references cited.

Part 2:

Compose a descriptive paragraph on what life would be like on an Indian reservation in the late 1800’s.

Format: should be between 1 -2 pages, Arial, double spaced and 12-point font and all references cited.

How does Paul link Jesus’ resurrection to the Christian hope of an afterlife?

Requirements:

· When Paul advises believers about choosing between marriage and the single life, how much do you think his expectations that the parousia might be near affected his advice? Explain why/why not.

· How does Paul link Jesus’ resurrection to the Christian hope of an afterlife?

· Define what Paul means by righteousness, justification and faith. Why does Paul tell the Galatians especially (although he says the same thing in Romans) that circumcision is no longer necessary?

· What issue does Paul have to address in Philippians 3 that he already was forced to address in his letter to the Galatians? What is Paul’s mood during this part of his letter and what language does he use to indicate how he feels?

· What do we suspect that Onesimus did to get him in to trouble and why do we think that he finally ended up with Paul?