Give a simple proof that the likelihood of the data cannot decrease if we add a new link to the network and recompute the maximum likelihood parameter values.

Artificial IntelligenceExercise 1In your local nuclear power station, there is an alarm that senses when a temperature gauge exceeds a given threshold. The gauge measures the temperature of the core. Consider the Boolean variables A (alarm sounds), FA (alarm is faulty), and FG (gauge is faulty) and the multivalued nodes G (gauge reading) and T (actual core temperature).a. Draw a Bayesian network for this domain, given that the gauge is more likely to fail when the core temperature gets too high.b. Is your network a polytree? Why or why not?c. Suppose there are just two possible actual and measured temperatures, normal and high the probability that the gauge gives the correct temperature is x when it is working, but y when it is faulty. Give the conditional probability table associated with G.d. Suppose the alarm works correctly unless it is faulty, in which case it never sounds. Give the conditional probability table associated with A.e. Suppose the alarm and gauge are working and the alarm sounds. Calculate an expression for the probability that the temperature of the core is too high, in terms of the various conditional probabilities in the network.Exercise 2Consider the problem faced by an infant learning to speak and understand a language. Explain how this process fits into the general learning model. Describe the percepts and actions of the infant, and the types of learning the infant must do. Describe the subfunctions the infant is trying to learn in terms of inputs and outputs, and available example data.Exercise 3Complete the missing step in the derivation of Equation (15.19) on page 586 of the textbook, the first update step for the one-dimensional Kalman filter.Exercise 4Consider an arbitrary Bayesian network, a complete data set for that network, and the likelihood for the data set according to the network. Give a simple proof that the likelihood of the data cannot decrease if we add a new link to the network and recompute the maximum likelihood parameter values.I WILL SEND A LINK FOR THE TEXTBOOK LATER

Would a given mean value of $600 be likely, given the calculated confidence interval?

A study of the ages of motorcyclists killed in crashes involves the random selection of 150 drivers with a mean of 37.1 years. Assuming a standard deviation of 12.0 years, construct a 99% confidence interval estimate of the mean age of all motorcyclists killed in crashes?A university surveys 36 randomly selected students and asks the number of dollars spent on textbooks/supplies during the academic year. The results (in dollars) are shown below:425 78 53 699 663 282845 373 161 22 853 653366 806 920 562 828 931641 134 916 38 379 90388 894 654 639 916 284700 684 600 425 717 822Use Excel to construct a 90% confidence interval for the mean dollars spent.Would a given mean value of $600 be likely, given the calculated confidence interval?

Because the three NAFTA member countries had been trading for ages before NAFTA, what are the benefits of an FTA such as NAFTA?

What if NAFTA goes Away? pg.136-7 (3 Questions pg. 137)Case studies must be typed, single-spaced and 1-2 pages long (minimum of 700-800 words), not recapping the case history or repeating the material in the case. Answer the case study questions in the textbook (p. 137) one by one.Bullet points are acceptable as long as they are accompanied by a relevant explanation.Discussion Questions1. Because the three NAFTA member countries had been trading for ages before NAFTA, what are the benefits of an FTA such as NAFTA?2. ON ETHICS: Pick your role as (1) a consumer, (2) a manufacturing worker, or (3) a banker in one member country. What has NAFTA done to help or hurt you and your community?3. Pick a firm from your state or country that is active in at least two (preferably three) member countries via trade and investment. How does it prepare for the scenario that NAFTA benefits are curtailed?EMERGING MARKETS/ETHICAL DILEMMA Closing Case: What If NAFTA Goes Away?In effect since 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has no shortage of controversies. As Trump has assumed power, the criticisms against NAFTA, potentially culminating in its repeal, force us to entertain a previously unthinkable scenario: What happens if NAFTA goes away? The answer to this question obviously boils down to what NAFTA has brought to the United States. In two decades, trilateral merchandise trade among three member countries grew from $290 billion in 1993 to $1.1 trillion in 2016—a nearly fourfold increase. Approximately $3 billion goods and services cross the border every day—an astonishing $2 million every minute. US trade with Canada tripled and US trade with Mexico increased by five times—while US trade with the rest of the world grew 280%. Canada and Mexico are, respectively, the second and third largest exporters to the United States (China is the first). Canada and Mexico are, respectively, the first and second largest importers of US goods. Mexico alone imports more US goods than China, and absorbs more US imports than Britain, France, and Germany combined. Canada imports even more “Made in USA” goods. What about jobs? In brief, no “giant sucking sound” has been heard. Approximately 300,000 US jobs—an average of 15,000 per year—were lost due to NAFTA in its first two decades, but about 100,000 jobs were added. The net loss was small, as the US economy generated at least 25 million new jobs during the same period. In 2015, the Congressional Research Service acknowledged some worker and firm adjustment costs brought by NAFTA. But overall, it reported conclusively that “NAFTA did not cause the huge job losses feared by the critics.” At present some eight million US jobs depend on trade with Canada and another six million on trade with Mexico. Even for every job lost, the economy gains $450,000 in the form of higher productivity and lower consumer prices, which benefit all. But a hard count on jobs misses another subtle but important benefit. NAFTA has allowed US firms to preserve more US jobs, because 40% of the value of US imports from Mexico and 25% from Canada is actually made in USA—in comparison, only 10% of the value of US imports from China is made in USA. In 1994, US imports from Mexico only contained 5% of the value made in USA. Clearly NAFTA has facilitated seamless supply chain integration, with goods, components, and parts crossing the border multiple times to be eventually assembled in one member country. Without NAFTA, entire industries may be lost rather than just the labor- intensive portions. So what if NAFTA goes away? First, relax: not all the benefits discussed above will be lost. As an institutional framework, NAFTA merely represents some relatively new rules of the game that are man-made and artificial. Given their natural geographic proximity and historical links, the three North American neighbors had been trading for ages before 1994. Their tightly knit economies cannot and will not immediately stop trading. In a hypothetical post-NAFTA era, these three economies will still gain by trading, but the gains will be smaller. Americans and Canadians can still enjoy plenty of yummy avocadoes from Mexico (the world’s top avocado producer), but they will have to cough up more money for their beloved guacamole. Second, if the Trump administration unilaterally imposes high import tariffs, Canada and Mexico will certainly respond in kind. Given the reality of NAFTA supply chain, a tariff is like erecting a wall in the middle of a factory. Hard-fought export market share in Canada and Mexico will shrink. Thousands of jobs in manufacturing, logistics, and other services will disappear. For example, the Center for Automotive Research estimated that a 35% tariff on vehicles imported from Mexico, which would contain 40% “Made in USA” parts, would result in the loss of 31,000 US jobs. Third, because both Canada and Mexico have free trade agreements (FTAs) with the EU, the US withdrawal from NAFTA will significantly help increase EU firms’ market share there. In other words, EU firms, propelled by their own FTAs with Canada and Mexico, will be delighted to take over the market share vacated by US firms. Beyond those from the EU, strong competitors from China, Japan, and Korea, despite having no help from FTAs, will be elbowing their way into Canada and Mexico. In other words, reducing the preferential treatments (especially low or zero tariffs) enjoyed by US firms under NAFTA will clip their wings in the competition for export markets in Canada and Mexico. Ironically, gutting NAFTA will help enhance the competitiveness of America’s global rivals.Finally, shutting down NAFTA does not bring back a large number of manufacturing jobs to the United States. The recent crises facing US manufacturing jobs, falling from 17 million to 11 million between 2000 and 2010, have little to do with NAFTA. Instead, competition with China and technological changes have largely contributed to such a decline. Therefore, blaming Mexico and dismantling a beneficial FTA do not solve the problems associated with manufacturing job losses. There is widespread belief that Trump’s nasty rhetoric on NAFTA is just “talk.” Procedurally, Trump is required to seek congressional approval if he merely wants to renegotiate NAFTA. Congress is unlikely to support a policy to throw away so many benefits and to spark retaliatory trade sanctions in America’s top two export markets—with so little gains. While NAFTA is not a panacea and has its problems, dismantling it would be “lunacy,” according to Texas Monthly. In summary, NAFTA is unlikely to be gone completely. But renegotiation is certainly possible.

Explain how aspects of ethics were considered in the decision-making processes of the organization.

The final project for this course is the creation of a case study analysis and strategy proposal. In Milestone Two, submit Section II: Analysis of Social Responsibility and Section III: Ethical Decision-Making of the final project.The purpose of this project is to analyze and critique an organization based on what is expected within a corporate strategy in regard to social responsibility.Prompt: Submit Sections II and III of the final project, which are the analysis of social responsibility and ethical decision making.Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:II. Analysis of Social Responsibility. In this part of the project, you will begin your analysis of the case study, examining how the strategy plan of the organization in the case study considers social responsibility. a) Analyze the organization’s strategy plan for compliance with the current acceptable standards or norms relative to social responsibility today. b) Analyze the organization’s strategy plan for any gaps in social responsibility that might be potential risks to internal and external stakeholders. c) Predict the potential positive and negative impacts to internal and external stakeholders regarding social responsibility that would result from the strategy plan. In other words, what might happen to the employees and/or people involved in the company regarding social responsibility from this strategy plan? You could consider both the present and future impacts. d) Critique the evolution of strategy planning related to social responsibility within the organization. In other words, what may have influenced the evolution of strategy planning related to social responsibility unique to this organization? e) Explain how this organization is or is not consistent with regard to social responsibility when compared within its own industry and when compared to outside industries. Be sure to justify your response.III. Ethical Decision-Making. In this part of the project, you will continue your analysis of the case study, examining how the strategy plan of the organization considers ethics in decision-making processes. a) Analyze the organization’s strategy plan for decision-making processes that it employs. In other words, based on the strategy plan, how does the organization make decisions? b) Explain how aspects of ethics were considered in the decision-making processes of the organization. In other words, what were the ethical considerations related to social responsibility in the decisions made by the organization? You could consider the connection between ethics and organizational decision making and how ethics influence those decisions. c) Analyze the organization’s strategy plan for any gaps in the decision-making process that could be considered potential risks to internal and external stakeholders

What other strategic processes are closely tied to ERM?

Address the following questions:What other strategic processes are closely tied to ERM?What three kinds of risks are identified within the City of Edmonton?What two criteria must be balanced in a successful ERM model?Who is responsible for dealing with and mitigating risks?To what body must the City’s strategic risks be reported?Major HomeworkRequirementsThe homework assignments are not opinion compositions, or a book, chapter, or article review. These assignments are positional arguments that are entirely supported by empirical evidence andwell-knownindustry facts.Youcan includeyourpersonal experiences and ideas if it directly relates to the topic, or reinforcesyourposition. However,you must supportall statements with evidence. All submissions must adhere to APA guidelines. APA writing is an academic standard therefore,it is not optional, it is mandatory.Points are deducted if your submission does not adhere to the following requirements:Be a scholarly submissionInclude a title pageTimes New Roman font, 1-inch margin, and double-spacedBe at least two pages in lengthShould not consist of any bullet-pointsHave a reference page with at least three academic referencesYouCANNOT use Wikipedia,LinkedInarticles,blogs, paid vendors, certification websites, or similar sources in academic writing.YouCANusereputableindustry articles from publicationssimilartoComputerWeekly,PCMag, Wall Street Journal, New York Times, or similar sources. Academic journals andpopularindustry articles are accessible in the university’s library databases and Google Scholar. All references should not have a publication date older than 2005.Be written in a clear and concise mannerContains contractual phrases,as an example“shouldn’t”“couldn’t”or“didn’t,”or similarUses vague words such as“proper,”“appropriate,”“adequate,”or similar to describe a process,function,or a procedure.As an example,“proper incident response plan,”“appropriate IT professional,”“adequate security,”or similar.These words are subjective because they have a different meaning to different individuals.Does not adhereto the University’s academic dishonesty and plagiarism policies.

Define the “Incident Operational Period”.

Define the “Incident Operational Period”.1. Who is responsible for establishing these periods, and why?2. What transition does the initial response to thenext Incident Operational Period signify for an incident?Use the following supplements to develop your answer:FEMA – The Planning ProcessHHS – see ‘Transitional Management Meeting’Fire Engineering – Setting Objectives and Strategies450-500 words excluding reference, APA format, and minimum of two reference

Explain the use of a common technique to develop a project scope.

ased on the course readings and your research, write an essay that addresses the following key elements:Project scopeIn your own words, with cited support from scholarly resources, clearly and concisely define the construct of a project Scope Statement.Explain the use of a common technique to develop a project scope.Describe the practice for achieving project scope consensus.Project work breakdown structure (WBS)In your own words, with cited support from scholarly resources, clearly and concisely define the construct of a project work breakdown structure (WBS).Based on the project elements presented in Problem 11-2 (Kerzner, 2017, p. 404), use a software application of your choosing to create a WBS (down through level 3). Include your WBS as an appendix to your essay.Describe how your WBS can be used to plan this project scenario.Additional InstructionsProperly organize your writing by including the following:Cover pageIntroductionBody of your work in response to the assignment’s key elements, with headings and subheadingsConclusionList of referencesAppendix (WBS).The introduction through conclusion sections of your essay should be approximately 4 pagesthe book info : Project Management A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and ControllingHarold Kerznerplease make sure paper is in apa formatreferencesI have attached sample apa paper so you can reference

how you can relate sharp force trauma studies in forensic anthropology to cultural anthropology.

Two to three-page assignment on how you can relate sharp force trauma studies in forensic anthropology to cultural anthropology. Associating violence to specific cultural practices or rituals, etc.Multiple sources have been attached for reference (do not need to use them all) and outside sources are welcome.

Discuss economic variables that impact health policy and health promotion at the local, state, federal, and international levels.

The self-reflection final post MUST be 650 to 1500 words and MUST include the following:1. Summarize what you’ve learned about knowledge related to a) health promotion and disease prevention to address health disparities among diverse and vulnerable populations; b) discuss primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention; and c) discuss Healthy People 2030 and how its initiatives support current health issues.2. Reflect on a policy that you as an APN want to ensure passes as a law to improve health. Detail the policy and members of the committee that will help pass this Bill.3. Describe the role of the Senator, Representative, and Governor and their influence towards passing this Bill and the political process. Discuss this policy and its impact on nursing practice.4. Provide an analysis of the processes that influence the development and implementation of health policy for application in health care environments.5. Discuss strategies to foster political action by advanced practice nurses (APN). Why is it important for APNs to get involved in the political process?6. Discuss economic variables that impact health policy and health promotion at the local, state, federal, and international levels.

How do you motivate and provide daily opportunities for self-selected reading along with opportunities for sharing?

I will provide the needed worksheets as well as other resources in the uploaded files.This VFE Assignment is designed to enhance your understanding of working within an inclusive classroom environment. You gain an understanding of the vital collaborative role educators play when working in a co-teaching environment.For this Assignment, you observe an educator conducting a science lesson in an inclusive classroom environment. During this lesson, you observe and find evidence of teaching effectiveness and professional practice when working in a co-teaching environment.To Prepare:Review Chapter 7 of the Friend and Cook text as well as the “Co-Teaching Planning Template” document found in the Learning Resources for Week 4 and consider the various strategies for co-teaching.Review the “Virtual Field ExperienceTM Video Analysis Sheet” document in the Week 4 Learning Resources. Complete the sheet while viewing the media by following the directions on the sheet to complete this assignment.View the media “Virtual Field ExperienceTM: Science Lesson (Inclusion Classroom),” and read the “Virtual Field ExperienceTM: Lesson Plan” document. As you observe and listen to the professional dialogue, focus on the professional practice and teaching effectiveness of the educator.Use the “Virtual Field ExperienceTM Video Analysis Sheet” document to take anecdotal notes and gather evidence (Note: Second column in the “Virtual Field ExperienceTM Video Analysis Sheet”) to guide you as you listen for professional dialogue and find evidence for standards based competencies.Review the “Co-Teaching Planning Template” document and consider how you might modify the lesson viewed to include an effective co-teaching strategy.To Complete:Complete the “Virtual Field ExperienceTM Video Analysis Sheet” document by analyzing the educator’s professional practice and teaching effectiveness. Support your analysis with specific evidence from the media.Create a new co-teaching plan that uses one of the new co-teaching strategies from the text or the “Co-Teaching Planning Template” document. Explain why this model may be more effective based on the video.Within this new plan, describe the following:How do you differentiate instruction to meet the needs of all students from various cognitive, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds?How do you support oral and written language development through independent reading materials?How do you motivate and provide daily opportunities for self-selected reading along with opportunities for sharing?In addition, include a brief description of how this plan might work in an online environmentSubmit your “Virtual Field Experience Video Analysis Sheet” document and the co-teaching plan.This assignment should be well supported with the weekly resources and/or outside resources. Please include a reference list and cite using proper APA format.

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