Describe the principal-agent relationship.

1) The following market information was gathered for the Blender Corporation. The firm has 1,000 bonds outstanding, each selling for $1,100.00 with a required rate of return of 8.00%. Blenders has 5,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding, selling for $40.00 per share and 50,000 shares of common stock outstanding, selling for $18.00 per share. If the preferred stock has a required rate of return of 11.00% and the common stock requires a 14.00% return, and the firm has a corporate tax rate of 30%, then calculate the firm’sWACC adjusted for taxes. 26) ______A) 6.77% B) 9.53% C) 10.73%D) There is not enough information to answer.2) Ready Tees, an on line retailer of t-shirts, orders 100,000 t-shirts per year from its manufacturer. The carrying cost is $0.10 per shirt per year. The order cost is $500 per order. What is the optimal order quantity for the t-shirt inventory (rounded to the nearest dollar)? A) 15,841 B) 31,623 C) 1,581 D) 8,3333) Oregon Saw Mills Inc. has credit terms of 2/10 net 60. Customers should take the discount and pay in 10 days if they CANNOT earn more than ________ (APR) or ________ (EAR) on their investments. 28) ______A) 13.08% APR or 12.42% EAR B) 15.89% APR or 14.90% EAR C) 12.42% APR or 13.08% EAR D) 14.90% APR or 15.89% EAR)4) Robertson Lumber has a $250,000 compensating balance loan with its bank. The terms of the loan call for Robertson to keep 10% of the loan as a compensating balance and pay interest at an annual rate of 6.50% on the entire amount. If the firm borrows the maximum amount for one year, what is the EAR on this loan? 29) ______A) 6.87% B) 7.22% C) 6.50% D) 7.39%5) Firewall Corp. is a small company looking at two possible capital structures. Currently, the firm is an all-equity firm with $900,000 in assets and 100,000 shares outstanding. The market value of each share is $9.00. The CEO of Firewall is thinking of leveraging the firm by selling $270,000 of debt financing and retiring 30,000 shares, leaving 70,000 shares outstanding. The cost of debt is 6% annually, and the current corporate tax rate for Donat is 30%. The CEO believes that Donat will earn $100,000 per year before interest and taxes. Which of the statements below is TRUE? A) All-equity EPS is $0.70.B) Shareholders will be better off by almost $0.14 per share under a firm with $270,000 in debt financing versus a firm that is all-equity.C) 50/50 debt-to-equity EPS is $0.838.D) Statements (A) through (C) are all true.6) Complete the equal-payments three-year amortization table. 7) Complete the following zero-coupon amortization schedule.b) What is the EAR of this loan? 34) _____________ 8) Describe the principal-agent relationship. In your answer, give an example of how a principal-agent problem arises in the corporate world. Can such a problem become costly? Please explain. 9) Consider the information below from a firm’s balance sheet for 2012 and 2013. a) What is the Net Working Capital for 2013? What is it for 2012?b) What is the Change in Net Working Capital (NWC)? c) Assuming the Operating Cash Flows (OCF) are $7,155 and the Net Capital Spending (NCS) is $2,372,what is the Cash Flow from Assets?Net Working capital20122011Changecurrent Assets Cash$1,561$1,800($239)Short term investment$1,052$3,010-1958Accounts receivable$3,616$3,129487Inventories$1,816$1,543273other current Assets$707$601106Total current Assets$8,752$10,083-1331current Liabilities Accounts Payable$5,173$5,11162Short term Debt$288$27711other current liabilities$1,401$1,098303Total current liabilities$6,862$6,486376Net Working capital$1,890$3,597-1707 d) Why is an understanding of cash flow so important in the study of finance?10) Amistad Inc manufactures custom golf clubs and orders 250,000 graphite shafts per year from its manufacturer. The CEO at Amistad wishes to know the optimal EOQ. The carrying cost is $0.45 per shaft per year. The order cost is $750 per order.a) What is the EOQ for Amistad?a) What is the EOQ for Amistad?b) W 11) Assume the following risk: risk free rate is 2.5%, inflation Year 1 is 2.5%, Year 2 is 3.5% and Year 3 is 4.5%. You have invested in a three-year bond with an annual interest rate of 7.8%Required: Calculate the default risk premium for your investment – show your work.7.8-2.5-4.5 = 0.8% is the default risk premium

prepare a network proposal on how to set up a secure network infrastructure in this building to support university operations.

You have been hired as part of the networking team at UMUC. After completing orientation and training, your manager calls you into a meeting to discuss your first project.The university has recently leased a building in Adelphi, Maryland. The building will house offices, classrooms, a library, and computer labs. Security is important for UMUC, as the university must protect students’ and employees’ data, as well as any intellectual property that UMUC has on its servers and computers. As a result, IT management would like to take the time to review proposals on how best to move forward on security issues. As a network engineer, you have been asked to prepare a network proposal on how to set up a secure network infrastructure in this building to support university operations.

List these nine steps in conducting a neural network project and discuss them briefly.

It is believed that the development process of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is similar to the structured design methodologies of traditional computer-based information systems, some phases are unique or have some unique aspects. Taking a look at pages 334 to 335 of your recommended textbook will reveal to you that the development process for an ANN application includes nine steps.List these nine steps in conducting a neural network project and discuss them briefly.

Identify and describe external conditions or competitors that might impact the implementation of the strategic plan.

To prepare:Review Final Project: Developing a Strategic Plan –S.W.O.T Analysis media in the Weekly Resources.Consider the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges related to your Capstone Project agency, organization, or community.Think about the environmental factors you might review in preparation for addressing the strategic issues component for your Capstone Project. The environmental factors may include: political, economic, demographic, regulatory, philanthropic, donor trends, and other organizations providing similar services.By Day 7The Assignment (4–6 pages):Conduct a SWOT analysis. This analysis focuses on assessing the present state or condition of the organization and determining where the organization would like to be. The difference between the two represents the gap, or the difference between where the organization is currently and where the organization would like to be. This gap could provide direction for the major focus of the strategic plan.Describe plans for conducting an environmental scan. The environmental scan is a process in which stakeholders gather and interpret relevant data on an agency, organization, or community to identify external opportunities and threats.Identify and describe internal conditions that might impact the implementation of the strategic plan.Address how you would minimize the impact of those conditions.Identify and describe external conditions or competitors that might impact the implementation of the strategic plan.Address how you would minimize the impact of those conditions.Consider how you might plan to work with competitors to meet the needs of your targeted agency, organization, or community.Identify and describe at least three strengths of the agency, organization, or community.State why each item on the list is a strength.State how you plan to utilize each strength to positively the impact the development or implementation of the strategic plan.Identify and describe at least three weaknesses of the agency, organization, or community.State what causes each item on the list to be a weakness.State how you plan to minimize the impact of the weakness.Identify and describe at least three threats to the agency, organization, or community.State what causes each item on the list to be a threat.State how you plan to minimize the impact of the threat.Identify and describe at least three opportunities for improvement for the agency, organization, or community.State what causes each item on the list to be an opportunity for improvement.State how you plan to incorporate the opportunity in the implementation of the strategic plan.Support your Application Assignment, citing all resources in APA style, including those in the Learning Resources.

Why is planning and forecasting a global workforce so difficult?

Please respond to the following Discussion Board questions for week 3 after considering assigned textbook reading, articles, etc.Why is planning and forecasting a global workforce so difficult? What are some approaches/tools that might be helpful from a global HR perspective? What were some of your key takeaways from the Cummins video example?What factors should Global HR take into consideration when evaluating various MNE staffing strategies?

How do you see your education and Curricular Practical Training (CPT) interconnecting in the academic and professional contexts?

Please respond to the following prompt with a 200-300 word written reflection:How do you see your education and Curricular Practical Training (CPT) interconnecting in the academic and professional contexts? How will your academic work and your professional work collaborate to take the theory you learn into practice? Be specific in defining what CPT is.

Define the driving forces of evolution and identify their effects at the population level

Name: ________________________________________ Section: ___________ANT 3514C – Introduction to Biological AnthropologyLab 3: Forces of EvolutionPurpose: To illustrate how multiple forces of evolution act on populations through time.Learning Objectives:· Define the driving forces of evolution and identify their effects at the population level· Understand the necessary conditions of evolutionary (Hardy-Weinberg) equilibrium· Predict how different forces of evolution influence diversity within a population through timeLab Activity: Population Genetics & Evolutionary Forces SimulationThe “Modern Synthesis” was a term coined in 1942 by Julian Huxley in a book of the same name. Huxley used the phrase to summarize the tremendous explosion of biological theory and research that began to occur in the 1930’s as Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection was merged with Mendelian principles of heredity. The synthesis is represented by a series of collaborative seminal works from scientists who have since become legends: geneticists such as Haldane, Dobzhansky, and Wright, mathematicians such as Fisher, taxonomists such as Mayr, and paleontologists such as Simpson. At that time, their publications laid the foundation for the basic theories of evolution that are still accepted and applied today, and prompted the famous precept by Theodosius Dobzhansky that “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.” In the previous lab, we discussed the basic principles of genetic inheritance of traits for individuals. This week’s lab will expand upon your understanding of how genetics works at the population level. In the following exercises, we will do a group activity and use a computer simulation to evaluate the effects of evolutionary forces on populations over multiple generations. In the context of population genetics, evolution is defined as a change in allele frequency in the gene pool of a population over time. Alleles are separate copies of genes. In most cases, each individual has 2 alleles for every gene, which are known together as the genotype. Evolution is only possible if there is variation in these alleles within a population. Since different alleles may have different effects on the body or behavior of an organism (the organism’s phenotype), changes in the frequencies of alleles can result in phenotypic changes of a population. Certain alleles may be selected out through time or disappear by chance, while others may become more commonplace. Changes in allele frequencies within populations are thought to be responsible for most major patterns of evolutionary change, when magnified by the accumulation of time over many generations. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a theoretical model that states that allele frequency and genotype frequency (and by extension, phenotype frequency) will remain constant in a single population that is not subject to the forces of evolution. This model allows us to test how changes in any of these variables would influence the other variables. The conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:1. No mutation2. No migration (gene flow)3. No selection (all genes/traits equally viable)4. Random mating is equally likely among all members of the population5. Large populationForces of EvolutionModern evolutionary biologists recognize that four primary forces of microevolution can alter allele frequencies within populations. These include: 1. Mutation – the spontaneous change of one allele into another 2. Gene Flow – a.k.a. migration, the influx/outflow of alleles from/to other populations 3. Genetic Drift – the reduction of allele diversity via random chance (such as genetic bottlenecks and the founder effect)· Genetic Bottleneck = sudden reduction in population size (e.g., due to natural disasters)· Founder Effect = a small, random sample of a larger population breaks off to establish a new population (for instance, a small group from the mainland colonizes an island)4. Selection – a.k.a. natural selection as proposed by Darwin. Conditions of the environment (physical, social, etc.) cause nonrandom elimination of some individuals’ alleles in the next generation, either because they were unable to successfully reproduce, or had no offspring that were able to successfully reproduce.Exercise 1: Population Genetics (2 pts)You come upon a tribe of humans that was previously undiscovered. The tribe is called Bretep. It has approximately 30 members and is governed by one chief, Chief Sakon. In the midst of learning everything you can about the groups culture and behavior, you gather some information on the evolutionary history of the group. Chief Sakon tells you that his second son, Ulan, will become the next chief because his first born, Lyzij, decided to leave the tribe and create his own group about 10 years ago. Lyzij took a small subset of the original tribe with him when he left. Chief Sakon hasn’t heard from him since and hopes he is doing well. 1. By leaving the original tribe, Lyzij’s group will be genetically affected by a _____________________ [evolutionary force]. How will the gene pool of this new group likely compare to the gene pool of the original tribe? Why do you expect that? (.75 pts)You ask Chief Sakon if losing those members of his tribe has hurt the dynamics of the group. He describes a period of time in which the group struggled because their best potters when with Lyzij. However, the past few years have been fine because they found another tribe that was willing to trade goods with them. They meet often and even regularly choose members from this tribe to marry and bring into the Bretep. You are told that Ulan’s wife was originally from this other tribe. Chief Sakon very happily informs you that they have had many strong, healthy children that will help the Bretep prosper in the future. 2. What evolutionary force is acting on the Bretep when they intermarry and reproduce with the other tribe? Will this increase or decrease the genetic diversity of the Bretep? Why? (.75 pts)Exercise 2: Computer simulation, Evolutionary Forces (Adapted from: Dr. Jonathan M. Brown, Grinnell College) About the simulation program – Red Lynx is a browser-based population genetics simulator developed by Reed A. Cartwright, an evolutionary biologist at Arizona State University. It can be accessed at http://scit.us/redlynx/. Once the webpage has loaded, click “Start Red Lynx Simulator” to start the program. Red Lynx allows you to investigate how the four evolutionary forces affect allele frequency over many generations. In this case, our allele of interest is called “A1”. Once the web page has been started, adjust the number of generations to 1000 (type it into the corresponding box to be exact), and run a number of simulations. If you select the “Help” hyperlink, descriptions for each variable will be displayed. You should see a variety of different outcomes in the frequency of A1. For the most part, the frequency will fluctuate through time, but A1 will still be present in the population – though in rare instances A1 will become either fixed (frequency = 100%) or completely lost (0%). Getting started:? Press “Clear Graph” and adjust the generations to 1000 by typing the number into the adjacent box. ? Play with the existing settings until your simulated population reaches Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, in which no further evolution is occurring.1. What happens to the allele frequency in the population once Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is achieved? (0.5 pts)2. What adjustments had to be made to the population size? How did changing the population size affect allele frequency equilibrium? (1 pts)3. Once the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how does the allele frequency change if the initial frequency is adjusted? (0.5 pts)4. Is Hardy-Weinberg likely to exist in nature? Why or why not? (0.5 pts)5. Refresh the page and restart Red Lynx to return to the original settings. Mutations are the only source of novel genetic material in biological organisms. The average mutation rate among humans is 2.5e-8 per base per generation (very low!). Type this number into the box for A2 à A1 Mutation Rate.? Be sure the population is set to 800 and the graph is clear.? Set the number of generations to 10 (roughly 200 – 300 years for humans) and run 10 simulations. What happened to the allele frequency? (0.25 pts)6. Clear the graph, change the number of generations to 100, and run the simulation 10 times.? Repeat the above instructions with 1000 generations (roughly 20,000 – 30,000 years).What is happening as time increases? (0.5 pts)7. What does this tell us about the effect of mutation alone on evolution? (0.5 pts)8. Keeping the population size at 800 and the mutation rate at 2.5e-8, we will look at the effect of migration.? Set the migration rate to 5% and the migrant allele frequency to 25%? Change generations to 100, clear the graph, and run 5 simulations.What happens to the allele frequency over time? (0.25 pts)9. Is the overall variation within the population increasing or decreasing? (0.5 pts)10. Clear the graph.? Now we will investigate the effects of positive and negative selection. Return the migration rate to 0%.? Set the selection strength to 0.006 and run 10 simulations.What do you observe? Is the overall variation within the population increasing or decreasing? (0.5 pts)11. Now set the selection strength to -0.006 and run 10 simulations. How do the results differ from those in the previous 10 simulations? (0.5 pts)12. Which one of these two selection scenarios would be more common in nature? Hint: are mutations that have an effect on the phenotype usually beneficial or harmful? Why? (0.5 pts) READING ASSIGNMENT (2 pts): Stock, Jay, T. 2008. Are humans still evolving? EMBO reports Special Issues 9: S51-S54. Remember that plagiarism will not be tolerated and may result in a score of 0 for the entire lab. If employing a phrase from the reading or elsewhere, you must place it in quotations!1. Why do humans show less genetic diversity than other species? (.5 pts)2. Provide two examples of recent human evolution from the article. (.5 pts)3. Describe what ways animals can respond to environmental stress other than genetic adaptation? What possible future environmental stresses does the author predict? (1 pt)

Describe factors that will influence how consumers view and, ultimately, purchase products and services.

Using the CSU Online Library, locate an article at least three pages in length that discusses how the field of marketing is influenced by the buying behavior of consumers. This could involve articles that discuss how consumers actually interpret information about products and services as well as the subsequent impact on their purchases. Incorporating elements of the consumer decision-making process discussed in the Unit I PowerPoint presentation would also be applicable to this article search. Respond to the questions below in your article review.Summarize the article, and include an analysis of how the actions of consumers could affect the organization as a whole.Describe factors that will influence how consumers view and, ultimately, purchase products and services.Explain the steps in the consumer decision-making process and how they relate to your selected article.Your response should be a minimum of two pages in length and be double-spaced. References should include the article you chose from the CSU Online Library and at least one additional academic source, preferably from the CSU Online Library; at minimum, you should have two sources on the reference page. All sources used must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations and be cited per APA guidelines.I will post a article in the attachments

explain how your own knowledge and experiences connect to the ideas put forth in one or both of the essays.

In his article “Personal Best” physician Atul Gawande writes that the traditional model of coaching is “different from the traditional conception of pedagogy, where there’s a presumption that, after a certain point, the student no longer needs instruction” (3). If this is so, why does Dr. Gawande, a highly educated professional, decide that he wants a coach? Summarize Dr. Gawande’s views about coaching. Next, draw a connection between the ideas put forth in Gawande’s essay and the article “You Can Grow Your Brain.” To conclude, explain how your own knowledge and experiences connect to the ideas put forth in one or both of the essays. Although there are three parts, you should write a single essay with an introduction that contains a thesis or organizational statement (the main idea of your essay), 2-3 body paragraphs, and a short conclusion.

What is the average customer time in the system?

The Bijou Theater in Hermosa Beach, California, shows vintage movies. Customers arrive at the theater line at the rate of 100 per hour. The ticket seller averages 30 seconds per customer, which includes pacing validation stamps on customers’ parking lot receipts and punching their frequent watcher cards. (Because of these added services, many customers don’t get in until after the feature has started.)a. What is the average customer time in the system?b. What would be the effect on customer time in the system of having a second ticket taker doing nothing but validations and card punching, thereby cutting the average service time to 20 seconds?c. Would system waiting time be less than you found in b if a second window was opened with each server doing all three tasks?a. 3 minutesb. 45 secondsc. Yes, about 36 seconds

× How can I help you?