What did the United States Supreme Court decide in this case and why?

1. After reading Mapp v. Ohio (1961) [2020 Ed. of textbook, pg. 62] explain the following:o Which constitutional amendment is at issue in the case, and what right(s) does it encompass?o What did the United States Supreme Court decide in this case and why?o The Court has to balance the protection of the rights of individuals against the protection of society. If the police had not searched Mapp’s house, they would never have found the obscene material. With this in mind, do you think the rights of Mapp or society should have been more important? Explain.2. After reading about Hudson v. Michigan (2006), Herring v. United States (2009), and Davis v. United States (2011) [2020 Ed. of textbook, pgs. 80, 88, 74], answer the following: Several scholars have suggested that in the wake of Hudson, Herring, and Davis, police have little to lose and much to gain from violating the Fourth Amendment rights of suspects. Assuming these scholars are correct, what are the potential costs and benefits of this new reality? Again, assuming this is true, how might the criminal justice system and crime be influenced by this new reality?3. After reading United States v. Russell (1973) and Jacobson v. United States (1992), explain the following:o What is the difference between entrapment and encouragement?o What are the two major approaches to the entrapment defense?o What did the United States Supreme Court decide in each case and why?4. After reading Miranda v. Arizona (1966) [2020 Ed. of textbook, pg. 427], explain the following:o Which constitutional amendment is at issue in the case, and what right(s) does it encompass?o What did the United States Supreme Court decide in this case and why?o Individual rights must be balanced against the values of society at large. In Miranda, what constitutional rights and societal values must be balanced against each other?5. After reading Chapter 2 of 2020 Ed. textbook, explain each of the five constitutional themes that are involved in applying the due process clause and the privilege against self-incrimination to confessions obtained as a result of police interrogation:o autonomy;o transparency;o procedural fairness and regularity;o equality; ando accuracy.

Which staffing framework do you recognize in this case study? Explain its characteristics and the advantages to using this type of framework?

Unit VIII Case StudyBodolica, V., & Waxi, M. (2007). Chicago food and beverage company: The challenges of managing internationalassignments. Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, 13(3), 31-42.Please answer the following questions after reading the case study:1. Which staffing framework do you recognize in this case study? Explain its characteristics and the advantages tousing this type of framework?2. Would this type of staffing framework affect Paul’s ability to get things done? Why, or why not?3. Explain if any of the other staffing frameworks would be any better? What can you recommend to the company’sheadquarters in this sense?4. Why does Paul want this job? Is Paul a good candidate for this expatriate position?5. What comments can you make on expatriate management in general? And what comments can you make on theexpatriate recruitment policy in particular?6. What are the different expatriate compensation methods you recognized in the text? What are the advantagesand disadvantages of these different expatriate compensation methods?7. What do you suggest to the U.S. headquarters’ human resources manager in order to improve the expatriatesatisfaction/compensation?Your submission should be a minimum of three pages in length in APA style; however, a title page, a running head, andan abstract are not required. Be sure to cite and reference all quoted or paraphrased material appropriately in APA style.

What is the monthly break-even point for the new toy in unit sales and dollar sales.

Instructions:1. complete the following activities in good form. Use excel orword only. Provide all supporting calculations to show how you arrived atyour numbers Part A: Changes in Fixed and Variable Costs; Break-Even and TargetProfit AnalysisNeptune Company produces toys and other items for use in beach and resort areas. Asmall, inflatable toy has come onto the market that the company is anxious to produceand sell. The new toy will sell for $2.80 per unit. Enough capacity exists in thecompany’s plant to produce 30,300 units of the toy each month. Variable expenses tomanufacture and sell one unit would be $1.78, and fixed expenses associated with thetoy would total $45,859 per month.The company’s Marketing Department predicts that demand for the new toy will exceedthe 30,300 units that the company is able to produce. Additional manufacturing spacecan be rented from another company at a fixed expense of $2,293 per month. Variableexpenses in the rented facility would total $1.96 per unit, due to somewhat less efficientoperations than in the main plant.Required:1. What is the monthly break-even point for the new toy in unit sales and dollar sales.2. How many units must be sold each month to attain a target profit of $10,752 permonth?3. If the sales manager receives a bonus of 20 cents for each unit sold in excess of thebreak-even point, how many units must be sold each month to attain a target profit thatequals a 24% return on the monthly investment in fixed expenses?(For all requirements, Round “per unit” to 2 decimal places, intermediate and finalanswers to the nearest whole number.)Part B: CVP Applications; Contribution Margin Ratio; Break-EvenAnalysis; Cost StructureDue to erratic sales of its sole product—a high-capacity battery for laptop computers—PEM, Inc., has been experiencing financial difficulty for some time. The company’scontribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below:Sales (12,500 units × $30 per unit) $ 375,000Variable expenses 187,500Contribution margin 187,500Fixed expenses 210,000Net operating loss $ (22,500 )Required:1. Compute the company’s CM ratio and its break-even point in unit sales and dollarsales.2. The president believes that a $6,700 increase in the monthly advertising budget,combined with an intensified effort by the sales staff, will result in an $85,000 increasein monthly sales. If the president is right, what will be the increase (decrease) in thecompany’s monthly net operating income?3. Refer to the original data. The sales manager is convinced that a 10% reduction inthe selling price, combined with an increase of $35,000 in the monthly advertisingbudget, will double unit sales. If the sales manager is right, what will be the revised netoperating income (loss)?4. Refer to the original data. The Marketing Department thinks that a fancy newpackage for the laptop computer battery would grow sales. The new package wouldincrease packaging costs by $0.60 per unit. Assuming no other changes, how manyunits would have to be sold each month to attain a target profit of $4,800?5. Refer to the original data. By automating, the company could reduce variableexpenses by $3 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase by $53,000 eachmonth.a. Compute the new CM ratio and the new break-even point in unit sales and dollarsales.b. Assume that the company expects to sell 20,300 units next month. Prepare twocontribution format income statements, one assuming that operations are notautomated and one assuming that they are. (Show data on a per unit and percentagebasis, as well as in total, for each alternative.)c. Would you recommend that the company automate its operations (Assuming that thecompany expects to sell 20,300)?Part C: Relevant Cost/Special Order DecisionsPolaski Company manufactures and sells a single product called a Ret. Operating atcapacity, the company can produce and sell 30,000 Rets per year. Costs associatedwith this level of production and sales are given below:Unit TotalDirect materials $ 15 $ 450,000Direct labor 8 240,000Variable manufacturing overhead 3 90,000Fixed manufacturing overhead 9 270,000Variable selling expense 4 120,000Fixed selling expense 6 180,000Total cost $ 45 $ 1,350,000The Rets normally sell for $50 each. Fixed manufacturing overhead is $270,000 peryear within the range of 25,000 through 30,000 Rets per year.Required:1. Assume that due to a recession, Polaski Company expects to sell only 25,000 Retsthrough regular channels next year. A large retail chain has offered to purchase 5,000Rets if Polaski is willing to accept a 16% discount off the regular price. There would beno sales commissions on this order; thus, variable selling expenses would be slashedby 75%. However, Polaski Company would have to purchase a special machine toengrave the retail chain’s name on the 5,000 units. This machine would cost $10,000.Polaski Company has no assurance that the retail chain will purchase additional units inthe future. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the specialorder?2. Refer to the original data. Assume again that Polaski Company expects to sell only25,000 Rets through regular channels next year. The U.S. Army would like to make aone-time-only purchase of 5,000 Rets. The Army would pay a fixed fee of $1.80 per Ret,and it would reimburse Polaski Company for all costs of production (variable and fixed)associated with the units. Because the army would pick up the Rets with its own trucks,there would be no variable selling expenses associated with this order. What is thefinancial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army’s special order?3. Assume the same situation as described in (2) above, except that the companyexpects to sell 30,000 Rets through regular channels next year. Thus, accepting theU.S. Army’s order would require giving up regular sales of 5,000 Rets. Given this newinformation, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army’sspecial order?Part D: Relevant Cost/Make or Buy DecisionSilven Industries, which manufactures and sells a highly successful line of summerlotions and insect repellents, has decided to diversify in order to stabilize salesthroughout the year. A natural area for the company to consider is the production ofwinter lotions and creams to prevent dry and chapped skin.After considerable research, a winter products line has been developed. However,Silven’s president has decided to introduce only one of the new products for this comingwinter. If the product is a success, further expansion in future years will be initiated.The product selected (called Chap-Off) is a lip balm that will be sold in a lipstick-typetube. The product will be sold to wholesalers in boxes of 24 tubes for $14 per box.Because of excess capacity, no additional fixed manufacturing overhead costs will beincurred to produce the product. However, a $130,000 charge for fixed manufacturingoverhead will be absorbed by the product under the company’s absorption costingsystem.Using the estimated sales and production of 130,000 boxes of Chap-Off, the AccountingDepartment has developed the following manufacturing cost per box:Direct material $ 5.80Direct labor 4.20Manufacturing overhead 2.50Total cost $ 12.50The costs above relate to making both the lip balm and the tube that contains it. As analternative to making the tubes for Chap-Off, Silven has approached a supplier todiscuss the possibility of buying the tubes. The purchase price of the supplier’s emptytubes would be $1.95 per box of 24 tubes. If Silven Industries stops making the tubesand buys them from the outside supplier, its direct labor and variable manufacturingoverhead costs per box of Chap-Off would be reduced by 10% and its direct materialscosts would be reduced by 20%.Required:1. If Silven buys its tubes from the outside supplier, how much of its own Chap-Offmanufacturing costs per box will it be able to avoid? (Hint: You need to separate themanufacturing overhead of $2.50 per box that is shown above into its variable and fixedcomponents to derive the correct answer.)2. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) per box of Chap-Off if Silven buys itstubes from the outside supplier?3. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) in total (not per box) if Silven buys130,000 boxes of tubes from the outside supplier?4. Should Silven Industries make or buy the tubes?5. What is the maximum price that Silven should be willing to pay the outside supplierfor a box of 24 tubes?6. Instead of sales of 130,000 boxes of tubes, revised estimates show a sales volume of161,000 boxes of tubes. At this higher sales volume, Silven would need to rent extraequipment at a cost of $51,000 per year to make the additional 31,000 boxes of tubes.Assuming that the outside supplier will not accept an order for less than 161,000 boxesof tubes, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) in total (not per box) if Silvenbuys 161,000 boxes of tubes from the outside supplier? Given this new information,should Silven Industries make or buy the tubes?7. Refer to the data in (6) above. Assume that the outside supplier will accept an orderof any size for the tubes at a price of $1.95 per box. How many boxes of tubes shouldSilven make? How many boxes of tubes should it buy from the outside supplier?Part E: Relevant Cost/Sell or Process FurtherCome-Clean Corporation produces a variety of cleaning compounds and solutions forboth industrial and household use. While most of its products are processedindependently, a few are related, such as the company’s Grit 337 and its Sparkle silverpolish.Grit 337 is a coarse cleaning powder with many industrial uses. It costs $1.60 a poundto make, and it has a selling price of $6.80 a pound. A small portion of the annualproduction of Grit 337 is retained in the factory for further processing. It is combinedwith several other ingredients to form a paste that is marketed as Sparkle silver polish.The silver polish sells for $5.00 per jar.This further processing requires one-fourth pound of Grit 337 per jar of silver polish. Theadditional direct variable costs involved in the processing of a jar of silver polish are:Other ingredients $ 0.60Direct labor 1.40Total direct cost $ 2.00Overhead costs associated with processing the silver polish are:Variable manufacturing overhead cost 25 % of direct labor costFixed manufacturing overhead cost (per month)Production supervisor $ 3,200Depreciation of mixing equipment $ 1,500The production supervisor has no duties other than to oversee production of the silverpolish. The mixing equipment is special-purpose equipment acquired specifically toproduce the silver polish. It can produce up to 6,500 jars of polish per month. Its resalevalue is negligible and it does not wear out through use.Advertising costs for the silver polish total $3,800 per month. Variable selling costsassociated with the silver polish are 5% of sales.Due to a recent decline in the demand for silver polish, the company is wonderingwhether its continued production is advisable. The sales manager feels that it would bemore profitable to sell all of the Grit 337 as a cleaning powder.Required:1. How much incremental revenue does the company earn per jar of polish by furtherprocessing Grit 337 rather than selling it as a cleaning powder? (Round your answerto 2 decimal places.)2. How much incremental contribution margin does the company earn per jar of polishby further processing Grit 337 rather than selling it as a cleaning powder? (Round yourintermediate calculations and final answer to 2 decimal places.)3. How many jars of silver polish must be sold each month to exactly offset theavoidable fixed costs incurred to produce and sell the polish? (Round yourintermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)4. If the company sells 8,700 jars of polish, what is the financial advantage(disadvantage) of choosing to further process Grit 337 rather than selling is as acleaning powder? (Enter any “disadvantages” as a negative value. Round yourintermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)5. If the company sells 10,900 jars of polish, what is the financial advantage(disadvantage) of choosing to further process Grit 337 rather than selling is as acleaning powder? (Enter any “disadvantages” as a negative value. Round yourintermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)Part F: Relevant Cost/Shutting Down or Continuing to Operate a PlantBirch Company normally produces and sells 43,000 units of RG-6 each month. Theselling price is $20 per unit, variable costs are $10 per unit, fixed manufacturingoverhead costs total $160,000 per month, and fixed selling costs total $38,000 permonth.Employment-contract strikes in the companies that purchase the bulk of the RG-6 unitshave caused Birch Company’s sales to temporarily drop to only 9,000 units per month.Birch Company estimates that the strikes will last for two months, after which time salesof RG-6 should return to normal. Due to the current low level of sales, Birch Company isthinking about closing down its own plant during the strike, which would reduce its fixedmanufacturing overhead costs by $48,000 per month and its fixed selling costs by 10%.Start-up costs at the end of the shutdown period would total $13,000. Because BirchCompany uses Lean Production methods, no inventories are on hand.Required:1. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) if Birch closes its own plant for twomonths?2. Should Birch close the plant for two months?3. At what level of unit sales for the two-month period would Birch Company beindifferent between closing the plant or keeping it open?

How would you describe Google’s culture? How were managers viewed before Project Oxygen?

How would you describe Google’s culture? How were managers viewed before Project Oxygen?What kinds of people work at Google? What should be the role of human resources in such a setting? What should be the role of managers?What is your evaluation of the steps that PiLab took to:Identify the characteristics of effective managers at Google?Roll out Project Oxygen to the organization?Ensure that the Oxygen 8 attributes were widely adopted and practiced?What is your assessment of the Oxygen 8 attributes? What value (if any) do they provide? How generalizable are they?What should Setty’s priorities be going forward? Which of the proposed initiatives should he pursue? In particular, should he and his team take on the challenge of trying to creat “truly amazing managers?” If so, how?

Explain the theory that guided the study. How does the theory relate to the study?

Select a quantitative research study. Be sure that the study includes a theoretical or conceptual framework. Please attach a copy of the article. Describe and summarize the purpose, type of study design, findings, and implications for nursing practice (application of the scientific evidence).Explain the theory that guided the study. How does the theory relate to the study?Explain how the theory could guide the research by analyzing the theory using Alligood’s five criteria for analysis of theory (Chapter 5, Box 5.2): clarity, simplicity, generality, accessibility, and importance.Discuss how different types of evidence may evolve from the research methodology used, and how it can be used to influence practice.In addition, isolate and describe one empirical concept within the selected study to investigate the methodologies used to examine this concept. Check the research questions, hypotheses, or purpose statement to find the major study concepts. For example, in a study examining pain and therapeutic touch, the major concepts would be pain and therapeutic touch. In addition to conceptual definitions, these concepts should have operational definitions (may be in methodology). Pain might use a visual analog scale (VAS) in order to provide quantitative measurement to a subjective concept.How is the evidence that emerges from the study explained through the theory? If this is not discussed in the study, describe how you think the theory does or does not support the research study.

Define the alignment or misalignment of the formal and informal systems, and include at least 4 specific examples.

For this assignment you are asked to do the following:Make ONE original post to the discussion during the first half of the week (Monday through Thursday during the week assigned on the course schedule.)· You will choose an organization that served as your previous or current place of employment. If you have limited work experience, you may choose to focus on an organization where you completed an internship or held a part-time job.· Then, you will reflect on your time in that organization, and draft a list of examples of the formal cultural systems within the organization and a list of examples of the informal cultural systems within the organization.· For your first discussion post, you should use the material in chapter 5, especially the questions in Table 5.1 (p. 202) and Table 5.2 (p. 203), to guide your analysis. In your post, you will address the following questions: What is the name or industry of the company under review, and how long have you been a member of the organization? [NOTE: Either the name or industry is sufficient, please list what you are comfortable including.] Are the ethical culture systems aligned to support ethical behavior or unethical behavior? Or, are the ethical culture systems misaligned (i.e., sending mixed messages)? Define the alignment or misalignment of the formal and informal systems, and include at least 4 specific examples. Please keep your responses to no more than 4 paragraphsPlease note that reading is attached below. For reference page number of tables please look at notes above:

Explain the development of an advertising campaign

What is Integrated Marketing Channels (IMC)?Integrated marketing communications (IMC) refers to integrating and coordinating the company’s many communications channels (Promotional Mix) to deliver a clear, consistent, and compelling message about the organization and its products.What is the role of the Promotional Mix?Promotion Mix, or marketing communications mix, refers to the precise blend of promotion tools that the company uses to engage consumers, persuasively communicate customer value, and build customer relationships. There are five major promotion tools:Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor.Sales promotion involves short-term incentives to encourage the purchase or sale of a product or service.Personal selling is personal customer interactions with the firm’s sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationships.Public relations refers to building good relationships with the company’s various publics by obtaining favorable publicity, building up a good corporate image, and handling or heading off unfavorable rumors, stories, and events.Direct and digital marketing involves engaging directly with carefully targeted individual consumers and customer communities to both obtain an immediate response and build lasting customer relationships.IMC is Evolving, Why?In this digital, wireless world, consumers are better informed and more Communications empowered. Rather than relying on marketer-supplied information, they can use the Internet, social media, and other technologies to find information on their own.Marketers are developing focused marketing strategies designed to build closer relationships with customers in more narrowly defined “target markets.”Advances in digital technology are causing remarkable changes in the ways companies and customers communicate with each other.Learning ObjectivesUpon completion of the course, students will be able to:Explain the development of an advertising campaignApply advertising strategies to real-world examplesAnalyze when and how advertising and PR should be a part of a marketing campaignCreate a marketing strategy to address the needs and wants of a target marketModule Reading and ResourcesTextbook: Marketing: An Introduction, Chapter 12This chapter will provide an overview on how companies use advertising and PR as part of their larger marketing strategyAccess this resource by going to the MyMarketingLab area under the course Table of Contents menu.Presentation: Marketing Concept Glossary VModule-related marketing concepts and terms are presented. Visit the glossary for a quick review of the key terms from this week. You can also look up words in the glossary found along the left-hand navigation bar.Video: Ad CampaignThis video illustrates the process for developing an ad campaign. Transcript available here.Assignment Calendar OverviewIntegrated marketing communication is a key phrase used in the marketing field. It describes a strategy that incorporates many promotional elements into a larger communication strategy. It may include advertising, personal selling, digital and social media marketing, sales promotions, and public relations. One characteristic of a promotion that is part of an integrated marketing campaign is that the message in that promotion is aligned with other promotions across other platforms. Regardless of how someone encounters the brand, the look, feel, and message will be consistent. It is important for marketing communications to be integrated, because consumers are inundated with many messages or “noise” from so many different media, and different consumers respond to different media types. The noise that an ad has to overcome can be substantial. Noise can be other promotions or other distractions in a customer’s life that prevents the customer from receiving the intended message.Figure 5.1: Diagram of Marketing Communication (Stafford, 2013)The first element that companies need to consider when developing a promotional objective is the overall objective of the campaign. This will help to determine whether advertising, PR, or another promotional strategy is the best fit for a given campaign. If advertising is a good fit for the campaign objectives, the company then goes through a series of steps to develop and launch the advertising campaign.The video Ad Campaign goes through the main steps in developing an advertising campaign:Setting the objectiveDetermining the budgetIdentifying the messagingChoosing the mediaWhen choosing media, there is much to consider. Table 5.2 from the text (Armstrong & Kotler, 2015, p. 388), presented below, outlines the advantages and limitations of the major media types. Each media type has very clear pros and cons, and one of the important challenges for marketers is to sort through all of the information available and make the best possible decision based on the product and the budget.Table 5.2: Profiles of Major Media Types (Table 12.2 from Marketing: An Introduction)Advertising and public relations (PR), that is, the management of information about an organization and the public, are two important components of a promotional strategy. There was a period in marketing history when PR was viewed as a separate marketing activity. For example, advertising agencies created Super Bowl ads and marketing campaigns, whereas PR agencies dealt with company disasters and communication failures and helped CEOs access important publications. As integrated marketing communication has become the more common way to approach marketing, PR is back into the marketing fold. A strong PR strategy can help a company build its brand, position its leaders as trusted experts in the field, and go a long way to minimize the damage when there is a corporate crisis. In addition, with the rise of social media, PR has become even more important as a “customer-facing” function responding in real time to customer comments and concerns.PR is a discipline focused on communication. PR professionals send out press releases to announce a new product or initiative by a company, work with journalists to ensure that company leaders are quoted in articles, and organize events that are centered on a cause. When a company successfully integrates PR into its marketing campaign, this communication is elevated with an increased focus on brand-building and promotion, rather than straight communication. The rise of content marketing has also put PR back into the spotlight. Content marketing is the section of marketing focused on creating unique content that the company can then distribute through its blogs, social media channels, email lists, and more. As this falls in the “communication” piece of marketing, it often falls to the PR department. A strong PR campaign is focused on customer and prospect engagement. When used strategically, PR is an important and powerful piece of an integrated marketing campaign.Now, take a minute to review this week’s glossary.ReferencesArmstrong, G., & Kotler, P. (2015). Marketing: An introduction (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Stafford, A. (2013, March 5). Diagram 1: A basic communication model showing the sender, message, and receiver [Image]. Marketing Communications Blog. Retrieved from http://www.marketingcommunicationsblog.com/communication-model/Complete the assignment as follows:5-1 Discussion: Super Bowl Ads – Past, Present, and FutureFor your discussion post this week, visit YouTube to search for and view several past Super Bowl ads. Compare Super Bowl ads over the last few years. Discuss what types of strategies were used. Have the strategies changed over time? If so, why do you think they have? If not, why not? Which strategies do you think are the most successful?In your responses to classmates, compare your findings to your classmates’ findings. How do you think advertising strategies may change in the future?In your response posts to your classmates, discuss how the company’s threats or weaknesses could affect your classmates’ proposed marketing activities. For more information, view the following documents:For your response posts (2), you must do the following: ? Reply to at least two different classmates outside of your own initial post thread. ? Demonstrate more depth and thought than simply stating that “I agree” or “You are wrong.” Guidance is provided for you in each discussion prompt.

In 1 Corinthians, what understanding of Jesus or Christian symbol does Paul use to attack worldly wisdom?

Choose one of the following questions, and post 3-4 lines of a response to the Discovery Board by no later than Thursday 11:59 PM EST/EDT.Discovery OptionsIf one does not assume every word of a Pauline letter to have universal meaning, how does that help the reader?In 1 Corinthians, what understanding of Jesus or Christian symbol does Paul use to attack worldly wisdom?If you are posting your initial response, click the “Start a new thread” button. If you are responding, click the “Reply to Thread” button for the thread you wish to respond to.Grading Rubric for ALL DiscussionsAccurate use of English including careful documentation (including ability to paraphrase and use quotations). 5 pts Accurate and complete reflection of material read for assignment. 5 pts

Write a 200-word message describing how you might apply gate control theory to the management of pain.

See attached the chapter needed for the paper. must used info attached. Review gate control theory on pp. 349–350 in Ch. 15 of Theoretical Basis for Nursing.1-Write a 200-word message describing how you might apply gate control theory to the management of pain.

explain whether or not industrialization helped to improve the lives of American women.  Did industrialization lead to more freedom, opportunity, and/or equality?  Why or why not?

There are 2 Discussions forms and 4 Quizzes in this question.Discussion Forms:1. Using AT LEAST TWO (2) documents from Chapter 9 of SFA, explain whether or not industrialization helped to improve the lives of American women. Did industrialization lead to more freedom, opportunity, and/or equality? Why or why not? 2. Refer to pp. 331 of your SFA text to address this forum. In 1857 the Supreme Court handed down the Dred Scott decision. What does this decision imply when it comes to where slavery is LEGAL and where it is ILLEGAL? Moreover, what will this do to the growing divide in the nation with respect to slavery? Please be specific. Quizzes :1. (Take help from document entitled “Federalist No. 10” for this question.) According to the author, James Madison, what causes “factions” and why are they dangerous? Moreover, why does Madison think it makes sense to have a strong central government? 2. (Use the document entitled “Morals of the Manufacturers” to answer this question.)Why do you think Martineau was concerned with the morals of the factory owners? Did their morals, or lack thereof, contradict any principles of the American political consciousness? Please be as specific as possible.3. (Use the document entitled “Gettysburg Address” to answer this question.)How did the Gettysburg Address change the nature and purpose of the Civil War? Please be as specific as possible.4. Thomas Nast was a political cartoonist during the Civil War era. Click on the links below to help you complete the quiz. What do you think the author/artist was trying to convey with respect to the process of Reconstruction? Please be as specific as possible. https://blackhistory.harpweek.com/7Illustrations/Reconstruction/ThisIsAWhiteMansGov.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Colored_rule.jpg

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