In September 2001, they announced that it will shut down outlets in some small cities and a delivery outlet in Delhi. Do you think the closure of the outlets would affect the growth of Domino’s?

Business Strategy

Rethinking Domino’s Expansion Plan—The Case of India

“It is a lesson for every retailer. Unviable units should be shut down. A pizza joint or a burger joint should realize that in a fast-expanding market, they are not just competing with outlets which have similar interests but also with other kinds of food outlets as well.” Arvind Singhal, MD, KSA Technopak

November 1999 to March 2001– “Sky is the Limit”

In November 1999, Pavan Bhatia took over as the CEO of Domino’s. He seemed to be very ambitious and wanted to make Domino’s the largest fast-food chain in India. Pavan went about opening Domino’s outlets across the country. According to a company handout released in early 2001, the increase in number of outlets was fourfold during March 2000-January 2001. It was the fastest growth Domino’s had in any of the 63 countries it operated in. From an average of four stores every year in its first four years of operation, Domino’s expanded to more than 100 outlets in 10 months across 30 cities in India.

Dominos entered into an agreement with a real estate consultant CB Richard Ellis to help with locations, conduct feasibility studies, and manage the construction. Pavan said, “We are in the business of selling pizzas, and one of the biggest barriers in retailing is real estate, so we decided to hand over the entire real estate operations to estate consultants CB Richard Ellis.“ Pavan realized that fast track growth could be achieved only by focusing on the core business of selling pizza. Incidentally, CB Richards was already working with oil companies, advising them on how to go about making their petrol pumps ready for competition once private players came in. therefore, CB Richards made a recommendation to Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) to let Domino’s operate in its petrol pump premises. In December 2000, Domino’s entered into an agreement with IOC to provide food products at the latter’s 7,500 outlets across the whole country.

Meanwhile, in early 2001, Pavan signed an agreement with the CEO of Jet Airways to launch their ‘ultimate deep dish,’ and ‘sweetie pie’ products on Jet Airways flights. He wanted quantum growth and felt that Domino’s needed to tie up with airports, railway stations and petrol pump stations. In early 2000, Domino’s had opened an outlet at the corporate office of Infosys, Bangalore, which was very successful. It also had outlets at cinema halls – in Delhi, Bangalore, and Kolkata. Pavan said, “For Domino’s, sky is the limit. We like to deliver hot, fresh pizzas everywhere, anytime.”

During March 2000-January 2001, Pavan opened Domino’s outlets in small towns and cities. Pizza consumption in these places was very low. Analysts felt that even those willing to choose the product, found the price unacceptable. The cost per meal was too high. In September 2001, due to low footfalls and lower volumes, the top management representative, Hari Bhartiya, planned to shut down Domino’s outlets not only in some small cities but also a delivery outlet in the wealthy Gujranwala Town in North Delhi.

Hari said, “We realized we’d be wasting too much time, money and resources trying to do it all ourselves. For instance, just acquiring a bunch of permits for each store in each city is itself a big job. Then there are the brokers, city laws, markets, licensing, title, infrastructure, water, power, lease agreements, and most important, dealing with competing restaurants.” However, Domino’s officials felt that there was nothing wrong with increasing the number of outlets andHari commented, “We needed to grow to effectively utilize the expensive back-end infrastructure (like distribution centers) that we had set up by March last year (1999) but, we feel that the growth had taken place on a business model that was not able to support it.”

Finally, in March 2001, at a board meeting, Domino’s top management, represented by Hari Bhartiya concluded that “Pavan’s performance during his 18-month tenure was not up to the mark.”The board felt that Pavan had initiated an expansion strategy that was ‘rush, thoughtless, and not properly thought out.‘ Therefore, in May 2001, Pavan Bhatia, CEO, Domino’s Pizza India Ltd.1 (Domino’s) stepped down from his post.

However, many analysts did not agree with the board’s conclusion as they felt that the board was not considering the possible long-term benefits of Pavan’s strategy. The analysts felt that there was nothing wrong with Pavan’s expansion plan, and a consultant associated with the expansion plan said, “One has to take risks to reach economies of scale. Domino’s also shook-up competition when it reached a target of 100 outlets.”

Domino’s officials who supported Pavan Bhatia’s expansion plan were of the view that only 5% of all stores were in places where business was poor and this was a globally accepted trend. They further argued that the profitable stores cross-subsidizing the unprofitable ones was also a common practice globally. However, Hari Bhartiya, without whose approval the expansion could not go ahead, insisted that the increase was only 100% in 2000-2001.

Analysts were divided in their opinion about Hari Bhartiya’s role in all these developments. While some felt that Hari Bhartiya was kept in the dark, others felt that he was a silent observer. Still others felt that Hari Bhartiya agreed with Pavan Bhatia’s strategy, only to make him a scapegoat when things went wrong. Officials who supported Pavan Bhatia’s expansion plan felt that Hari Bhartiya was completely aware of all the developments. They said that he had actively supported some of Pavan Bhatia’s plans including expansion of outlets.

However, others claimed that Pavan did take some initiatives without prior consent of Hari Bhartiya. For instance, marketing expenses of about Rs.50 million were allegedly spent without prior budgetary approvals. It was also believed that there were no records to account for an expenditure of about Rs.20 million on the Sri Lankan operations which was not completed. However, Pavan Bhatia’s supporters claimed that such claims were meant to harm Pavan and nothing of the sort could take place in a professionally run organization.

To Grow or Not To Grow?

By mid-2001, Domino’s future growth plans were also slowed down. (Refer Exhibit II) In early 2001, Domino’s had announced plans of adding 100 outlets every year, and an investment of Rs.500 million in 2001. Hari Bhartiya said, “The board had never approved either the investment or the plan to start 100 new outlets in a year’s time.” The plan to open new outlets in Bangladesh was also postponed. These corrective measures were expected to be over by late 2001. Explained Hari Bhartiya, “When you grow the way we did last year, (2000), there are bound to be problems. Now, we are dealing with them.” He was also looking for a new CEO.

Questions for Discussion:

1. Most strategic analysts would agree with Pavan believe that “fast track growth could be achieved only by focusing on the core business of selling pizza”. So, what went wrong? Explain.

2. Some analysts felt that Domino’s expansion had taken place on a business model that was not able to support it. Do you agree with them? If yes, what were the drawbacks of Domino’s business model?

3. A comment on the performance of Domino’s– “Pavan Bhatia’s expansion plan would not have come under criticism if the actual sales matched the projections.” Why do you think the new outlets were not contributing to Domino’s growth?

4. In September 2001, they announced that it will shut down outlets in some small cities and a delivery outlet in Delhi. Do you think the closure of the outlets would affect the growth of Domino’s?

NOTE: Avoid Copy and Paste Method and Add References

Synthesize your recommendations for how the company can raise money in the short-term and long-term to continue to add value to the organization.

Note: In Weeks 7 and 8, you submitted Part 1 and Part 2 of the Module 3 Assignment. You will complete and submit Part 3 and the executive summary this week.

As a reminder, you will continue to play the role of a consultant who has been hired by a mid-sized company that recently went public to provide some recommendations related to their short-term and long-term financial needs. Your first project is to analyze the short- and long-term capital budget needs of the company. You will prepare and submit a 3- to 5-page report, including an executive summary in which you synthesize your recommendations for the following fiscal year, along with the provided Excel spreadsheet with your calculations. Explain your findings and your recommendations.

For each of the items in your report, you will complete the calculations in the Module 3 Assignment Part 1 Template and will then use that financial information to develop your report to the owner using the Module 3 Assignment Part 2 Template. In your report, be sure to include relevant citations from the Learning Resources, the Walden Library, and/or other appropriate academic sources to support your work.

To prepare for this Assignment:

  • Return to the Module 3 Assignment Part 1 Template to continue completing the calculations.
  • Return to your Module 3 Assignment Part 2 Template to complete Part 3 of your report, as well as the executive summary. 

By Day 7

Submit your synthesis of financial data related to long-term financing needs for an organization, to include the following:

Part 3: Long-Term Working Capital Considerations: CAPM, Stock Valuation, and Project Evaluation Tools (1–2 pages, plus calculations in Excel)

  • CAPM and Required Return: The company has a beta of 1.1, and the closest competitor has a beta of 0.30. The required return on an index fund that holds the entire stock market is 11%. The risk-free rate of interest is 4.5%. By how much does your company’s required return exceed your competitor’s required return?
  • Constant Growth Valuation: The company is expected to pay a $1.80 per share dividend at the end of the year (i.e., D1 = $1.80). The dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 4% a year. The required rate of return on the stock, rs, is 10%. What is the stock’s current value per share?
  • Nonconstant Growth Valuation: The company recently paid a dividend, D0, of $2.75. It expects to have nonconstant growth of 18% for 2 years followed by a constant rate of 6% thereafter. The firm’s required return is 12%.
    • How far away is the horizon date?
    • What is the firm’s horizon, or continuing, value?
    • What is the firm’s intrinsic value today, P0?
  • Weighted Average Cost of Capital: The company has a target capital structure of 35% debt and 65% common equity, with no preferred stock. Its before-tax cost of debt is 8%, and its marginal tax rate is 40%. The current stock price is P0 = $22.00. The last dividend was D0 = $2.25, and it is expected to grow at a 5% constant rate. What is its cost of common equity and its WACC?
  • Capital Budgeting Criteria: The company has an 11% WACC and is considering two mutually exclusive investments (that cannot be repeated) with the following cash flows: 
  • What is each project’s NPV?
  • What is each project’s IRR?
  • What is each project’s MIRR? (Hint: Consider Period 7 as the end of Project B’s life.)
  • From your answers to parts a, b, and c, which project would be selected? If the WACC was 18%, which project would be selected?
  • Construct NPV profiles for Projects A and B.
  • Calculate the crossover rate where the two projects’ NPVs are equal.
  • What is each project’s MIRR at a WACC of 18%?

Executive Summary (page 1 of your report)

Provide the company owner with a 1-page executive summary of your findings and recommendations. Address the following in your executive summary:

  • Briefly identify the purpose of your report.
  • Concisely summarize the results of your financial analysis of the company’s short- and long-term capital budget needs.
  • Synthesize your recommendations for how the company can raise money in the short-term and long-term to continue to add value to the organization.
Post a comparison of at least two APRN board of nursing regulations in your state/region( Illinois board of nursing) with those of at least one other state/region (California board of nursing). 

Post a comparison of at least two APRN board of nursing regulations in your state/region( Illinois board of nursing) with those of at least one other state/region (California board of nursing). 

Describe how they may differ. Be specific and provide examples. 

Then, explain how the regulations you selected may apply to Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) who have legal authority to practice within the full scope of their education and experience. 

Provide at least one example of how APRNs may adhere to the two regulations you selected. 

                                                      Require reading for references

  Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Write a memo addressing these issues. What facts would make it more likely that such relocation would be permitted?

 memo addressing the issue ( Is Lois’ adoption by Abe and Jose appropriate? Why?) 

Your supervising attorney’s client (Dad) is the custodial parent of his 5-year-old son and seeks to relocate with this child to another state

The client’s former spouse (who is the other parent, Mom) opposes the relocation.  Both parents have a good relationship with the child. Under the current custody agreement, Dad has full physical custody and joint legal custody,  and Mom has partial physical custody and joint legal custody

Can the client relocate to a state that is 200 miles from where the parents and child currently live?   What is the legal process to relocate?   What does the client need to prove? What is the law?

Write a memo addressing these issues. What facts would make it more likely that such relocation would be permitted?

Offer case law and statutory law to support your discussion.

Reminder: Do not use commercial websites for this or any assignment in this class.

Do not use self-help manuals provided by any site. If you do use prohibited websites, you will not receive any credit Be sure to use the Bluebook so you cite correctly. Bluebook format. See attached and this website for assistance.

Use the Legal Memo Format: Sample Legal Memo Format

How can Airbnb ensure the ethical treatment of consumers?

In the accommodations market, Airbnb appears to have a significant advantage over its competitors as it relates to regulations affecting the operations of its business.

Develop a business strategy that will allow Airbnb to meet local, state, and international regulatory requirements and motivate individuals to benefit from participating in this space of the accommodations market. Address the following questions:

  • How can Airbnb ensure the ethical treatment of consumers?
  • Should there be a separate strategy for the international component of their business model?

Submit your assignment.

Write a five-paragraph describing three goals you have by a certain time in the future.

Write a five-paragraph  describing three goals you have by a certain time in the future.

Explain why studying human behavior and identity is a valuable human endeavor.

Your third longer-term assignment in this course is a presentation or short paper in which you will share your question derived at the end of your observation journal in learning block 4-3 and discuss why it is important and how developments in the social sciences contribute to our understanding of ourselves, each other, and the world around us. This final reflection will assess the following course outcomes, which you focused on throughout Theme 4: 

· Investigate major developments in the progression of social scientific thought for informing critical questions that drive social scientific inquiry 

· Articulate the value of the social sciences for their impact on contemporary issues Prompt Your third project is a presentation or short paper (you are free to choose) that explores the question you posed at the end of your observation journal. With that question as your topic, you will explain why the answer to it is important to understanding yourself, other people, and the world around you and how the social sciences have developed to help us answer these important questions. The critical elements of this assessment will be evaluated by the information in your presentation or paper. Be sure your actual question is apparent on the presentation or paper. Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed in your submission: 

I. Explain why your question is important to you as a member of society. 

II. Detail the major developments in social science thinking that drive questions regarding studying the individual. Use course resources to back up your discussion. 

III. Explain how finding the answer to your question might impact others around you. For instance, who might be most invested in the answer? 

IV. Detail the major developments in social science thinking that drive questions regarding studying others. Use course resources to back up your discussion. 

V. Explain why studying human behavior and identity is a valuable human endeavor.

VI. Detail the major developments in social science thinking that support the study and advancement of the social sciences as necessary and valuable. Use course resources to back up your discussion. Supporting Work and Resources Throughout Theme 4, there are supports you will use as you work directly on different elements of the final reflection. 

1. In learning block 4-3, you submitted your observation journal. Review your submission and the feedback for this assignment via the Project 2 submission link in the My Grades section of the course. Use the question you created from your observation journal for your final reflection. You are free to incorporate any feedback from your instructor on this question into your final reflection. 

2. In learning block 6-3, you submitted a micro-presentation or short answer response to give you an opportunity to practice elements of the final submission. For this assignment, you reflected on what you considered to be some of the most significant developments covered in Theme 3 and addressed the following: 

a. Identify the developments and how they impact individuals or larger groups/cultures. 

b. Describe how the developments changed society’s understanding. How is the development applicable outside of the social sciences? View this submission and the feedback for this assignment via the My Grades section of the course and incorporate this assignment into your final reflection. 

3. If you choose to submit a presentation instead of a paper, you may use PowerPoint, Prezi, or another presentation platform of your choosing. Reference the Supporting Resources document for instructions on how to use different presentation programs. Be sure to include notes as needed in your presentation in order to meet the outlined critical elements. 

4. In learning block 7-1, it was suggested for you to work on Section III of your project. If completed, use this as well as the instructor feedback when working toward your final submission. You can view this via the Student Dashboard. 

5. Learning block 8-1 includes a Final Reflection Submission Checklist that you can use to ensure you have met all the requirements of this project. Your instructor is available to provide guidance and answer any questions you may have as you work to finalize your final reflection. Rubric Guidelines for Submission: Your actual question must be apparent on the presentation or in the short paper. If you choose to write a short paper,

How will I measure the success or failure of this strategy? 

You are now in a meeting with your HRD team and preparing to meet all the Pegasus department heads. Your group has recommended reorganizing Pegasus into project-focused groups; in other words, engineers, computer aided design (CAD) designers, scientists, and model makers will work together on specific projects. Senior management is in favor of the idea, as it reminds them of how they worked together when they started the company. Some newer members of the team doubt that this structure will work in the now-large Pegasus organization. Discuss the following:

  1. Discuss organizational interventions to recommend. Take into consideration your previous diagnosis and the emotional state of your employees from your interview. 
  2. Include a brief description of each intervention of priority and why you chose this intervention. 
  3. Discuss research methods, including the comparative benefits of quantitative and qualitative research. Ask yourself these questions: 
    • How will I measure the success or failure of this strategy? 
    • What research processes will I use to determine if the strategy is helping or harming Pegasus?
Discuss the specific steps or interventions to begin the change reorganization. 

You are meeting with your HRD team and preparing to meet all of the Pegasus department heads. You are preparing for the first change intervention. Using the results of the previous work for this project (previous assignments), complete the following:

  1. Discuss the specific steps or interventions to begin the change reorganization. 
  2. Determine the first 5 interventions you would recommend to begin the change-management reorganization and your rationale for why you would use these interventions in this sequence. 

Be sure to include outside research, and support your recommendations with cited material. 

The recommendations may be used individually, combined, or implemented in a time line.

4-6 pages

What problems does the company have to address? 

Your final assignment in the capstone course will be to complete a case study analysis. A case study analysis provides you with the opportunity to analyze a recent real-world business scenario and explore some possible solutions for the company to use. In your course text, there are 12 cases in this week’s readings and last week’s readings. Choose one of the cases listed in your course text (or with approval from your instructor, a case of your own choosing). Then, complete additional research on the company from the case you chose, and answer the following questions: 

  • What is the background of the case? 
  • What problems does the company have to address? 
  • What are some potential solutions you’d recommend to solve the problems? 
  • Which solution would you choose and how would you implement it? 

4-6 pages

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