What are the major distinction between primary care and specialty care?  Describe specific instances in which a person would choose primary care or specialty care.

What are the major distinction between primary care and specialty care?  Describe specific instances in which a person would choose primary care or specialty care.

respond to at least twoof your peer’s weekly discussion 
This is Malcolm :
It’s like having an elite head coach and the same team having an elite hitting coach in baseball! Both are very knowledgeable and the head coach is you. go to for the overall questions and advice in most situations and you go to the hitting coach to learn about how to swing the bat and hit the ball. That’s just like what a primary care physician is to a specialty care physician. As stated by Shi & Singh (2022) ” Primary care can be distinguished from specialty care by the time, focus, and scope of services provided to patients” (p. 128). This means PCPs are well-rounded in many faucets of health care while the SCPs are also well-rounded but they tend to stay in one lane when it comes to health care. Like a podiatrist that works on feet specifically, you may be able to go to a podiatrist and ask them about a rash but you would rather not. As stated by Brooke Johnson (2021)
“These physicians manage your overall health care and use their knowledge of your medical history to stay ahead of potential issues. In addition to diagnosing most health symptoms and prescribing medications, PCPs offer many forms of preventive care such as physicals, certain cancer screenings, STI screenings, vaccinations, and more”.
The purpose of going to your PCP would be for general intake and other screenings. Again another reason to go to your specialist would be for a gastroenterologist like for your stomach after meeting with your primary care doctor. 

This is blessing:
Primary care and specialty care are two fundamental components of healthcare systems, each serving distinct roles in patient care. It’s important for individuals to understand the distinctions between primary care physicians and specialty physicians to make informed healthcare decisions. Understanding the roles and differences between primary care physicians and specialty physicians is crucial for individuals to navigate the healthcare system effectively. Both types of physicians play essential roles in providing comprehensive and specialized care to optimize patients’ health and well-being.
Primary care provides comprehensive, continuous, and general medical care, while specialty care offers specialized expertise for specific medical conditions. Both are essential components of a well-rounded healthcare system, working collaboratively to provide patients with the best possible care.stablishing and maintaining a strong relationship with your primary care provider (PCP) is a crucial aspect of your overall healthcare. The quote from the Cleveland Clinic underscores the importance of this relationship in promoting and maintaining your health.” (Cleveland Clinic, 2020).According to Shi & Singh, “Primary and specialty care is reflected in how providers are trained” (2023). The statement by Shi & Singh underscores the importance of training and education in shaping the roles and responsibilities of primary care and specialty care providers. The way providers are trained reflects their scope of practice, knowledge base, and the specific areas of healthcare they are prepared to address. This distinction in training is fundamental to how healthcare systems are structured and how patients receive care tailored to their unique medical needs.(Shi & Singh 2023).
Primary care providers, such as family physicians, internists, and pediatricians, receive training that emphasizes a broad knowledge base. They are trained to diagnose, treat, and manage a wide range of general medical conditions. Their education is designed to equip them with the skills necessary to provide comprehensive and continuous care. Specialty care physicians, on the other hand, undergo additional training in specific medical fields or subspecialties. This advanced training allows them to develop expertise in a particular area of medicine, such as cardiology, orthopedics, or neurology. They acquire specialized knowledge and skills related to their chosen field. 

You are a medical professor in charge of creating college assignments and answers for medical college students. You design and conduct lectures, evaluate student performance and provide feedback through examinations and assignments. Answer each question separately. Include and Introduction. Provide an answer to this content

What are the major distinction between primary care and specialty care?  Describe specific instances in which a person would choose primary care or specialty care.

respond to at least twoof your peer’s weekly discussion 
This is Malcolm :
It’s like having an elite head coach and the same team having an elite hitting coach in baseball! Both are very knowledgeable and the head coach is you. go to for the overall questions and advice in most situations and you go to the hitting coach to learn about how to swing the bat and hit the ball. That’s just like what a primary care physician is to a specialty care physician. As stated by Shi & Singh (2022) ” Primary care can be distinguished from specialty care by the time, focus, and scope of services provided to patients” (p. 128). This means PCPs are well-rounded in many faucets of health care while the SCPs are also well-rounded but they tend to stay in one lane when it comes to health care. Like a podiatrist that works on feet specifically, you may be able to go to a podiatrist and ask them about a rash but you would rather not. As stated by Brooke Johnson (2021)
“These physicians manage your overall health care and use their knowledge of your medical history to stay ahead of potential issues. In addition to diagnosing most health symptoms and prescribing medications, PCPs offer many forms of preventive care such as physicals, certain cancer screenings, STI screenings, vaccinations, and more”.
The purpose of going to your PCP would be for general intake and other screenings. Again another reason to go to your specialist would be for a gastroenterologist like for your stomach after meeting with your primary care doctor. 

This is blessing:
Primary care and specialty care are two fundamental components of healthcare systems, each serving distinct roles in patient care. It’s important for individuals to understand the distinctions between primary care physicians and specialty physicians to make informed healthcare decisions. Understanding the roles and differences between primary care physicians and specialty physicians is crucial for individuals to navigate the healthcare system effectively. Both types of physicians play essential roles in providing comprehensive and specialized care to optimize patients’ health and well-being.
Primary care provides comprehensive, continuous, and general medical care, while specialty care offers specialized expertise for specific medical conditions. Both are essential components of a well-rounded healthcare system, working collaboratively to provide patients with the best possible care.stablishing and maintaining a strong relationship with your primary care provider (PCP) is a crucial aspect of your overall healthcare. The quote from the Cleveland Clinic underscores the importance of this relationship in promoting and maintaining your health.” (Cleveland Clinic, 2020).According to Shi & Singh, “Primary and specialty care is reflected in how providers are trained” (2023). The statement by Shi & Singh underscores the importance of training and education in shaping the roles and responsibilities of primary care and specialty care providers. The way providers are trained reflects their scope of practice, knowledge base, and the specific areas of healthcare they are prepared to address. This distinction in training is fundamental to how healthcare systems are structured and how patients receive care tailored to their unique medical needs.(Shi & Singh 2023).
Primary care providers, such as family physicians, internists, and pediatricians, receive training that emphasizes a broad knowledge base. They are trained to diagnose, treat, and manage a wide range of general medical conditions. Their education is designed to equip them with the skills necessary to provide comprehensive and continuous care. Specialty care physicians, on the other hand, undergo additional training in specific medical fields or subspecialties. This advanced training allows them to develop expertise in a particular area of medicine, such as cardiology, orthopedics, or neurology. They acquire specialized knowledge and skills related to their chosen field. 

. Do not write who you are in the answer.

Describe the strategies businesses use to gain or maintain a competitive advantage.

Response Christian:
 
Is there any research suggesting how well the corporate strategies of vertical integration, diversification, mergers and acquisitions, and alliances work?
When a company wants to add something to itself, there are options that allow for expanding without inventing something entirely new as a strategy or creating excessive risk. Kaplan (1954) once argued that: “There is no reason to believe that those now at the top will stay there except as they keep abreast in the race of innovation and competition”. If a company understands their position in the market and the competition, they can effectively use certain business strategies that include vertical integration, diversification, mergers and acquisitions, and alliances as a way to keep ahead. Each strategy has their positives and negatives, so understanding what each one does for the company is the critical first step in deciding which route to follow. 
When a company sees a market opportunity they don’t currently compete in, but feel they can service an identified gap, the diversification strategy comes into play. Diversification at its core is penetrating a new market where you currently don’t participate. Tien and Ngoc (2019) define diversification as a purposeful plan of action to aims to move into new directions. The work builds upon Hitt et al. (2000) in which diversification can be broken down into two subcategories: related diversification and unrelated diversification. Related, or concentric diversification, is when a company moves into a new market but maintains the same main production of similar products.  Whereas unrelated diversification is where a company expands into totally new activities from what they currently produce or service. The intent of diversification overall is to spread risk across multiple lines of business to ensure that if one falters or matures, there is another that they can rely on.   
            Not every aspect of manufacturing, distribution, and sales usually resides within one company. There may be multiple companies that are part of the entire supply chain before a consumer of goods sees them. Vertical integration is a strategy where the company looks for ways to integrate or own multiple processes into their own exclusive chain. Zhang (2013) found in his research that that albeit a older concept, many large companies are focusing on this strategy in the last decade or two to gain an advantage. To illustrate an example of a company that has decided to use vertical integration, Tesla is a vehicle manufacturer .Over time, they realized that several parts of their supply chain were contingent on many other manufacturers or suppliers. As a result, they now make their own batteries, artificial intelligence to drive their car, robotics at their plants, and even control the salesrooms exclusively. Although this strategy can be profitable, the self-reliance can create risks since one company is responsible for so many functions and it can overextend the company since they have to constantly have innovation in all the areas they control.        
Competition is not always good for the market, especially if your company is losing out. Daniel Vasella (CEO Navartis, 2002) once stated:
“It is clear that you cannot stay in the top league if you only grow internally. You cannot catch up just by internal growth. If you want to stay in the top league, you must combine.”
One way to improve a company’s position is to look at a growth strategy that is mergers and acquisitions (M&A). The M&A is a strategy is a methodical process of evaluating companies that if purchased or merged with would create a much stronger position for one or both companies involved. Gupta (2012) describes an M&A as a restructuring of two companies as a strategic means to achieve a competitive advantage. A M&A is a methodical and planned approach that requires extensive research with the prospective company which comes with risk.  To be successful, a full understanding of each other’s market position, financial, and human capital must be assessed to determine the value to each company. This route can be expensive, and results are not guaranteed by simply buying another company. 
An alliance is literally as it sounds, creating a partnership to create a market advantage. The advantage can be something such as a company holds a license in a specific country or entry point for globalization. Elmuti and  Kathawala (2001) argue that alliances are risky though, oftentimes management on both sides do not understand the others method of operating or technologies that make a true seamless partnership. Russo and Cesarani, M. (2017) state that the risks overall can be mitigated using good governance, the coordination of leadership with realistic understandings of objectives, and making compromises with the partner companies.
To determine which growth strategy is the best, that all depends on the company and their market. Each strategy has risks associated with them, also they have costs.  The course of action will be contingent on the risk tolerance on many levels of a company, taking a high-risk strategy could prove very equitable for all involved. Stakeholders must decide if they can handle the potential for failure at any juncture of each one of the strategies before a company can decide to pursue that goal. 
References
Elmuti, D., & Kathawala, Y. (2001). An overview of strategic alliances. Management decision,
39(3), 205-218.
Gupta, P. K. (2012). Mergers and acquisitions (M&A): The strategic concepts for the nuptials of
corporate sector. Innovative Journal of Business and Management, 1(4), 60-68.
Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., & Hoskisson, R. E. (2000). Strategic management and strategic
competitiveness. South-Western College Publishing.
Kaplan, A. D. H. (1954). Big enterprise in a competitive system. (No Title).
Tien, N. H., & Ngoc, N. M. (2019). Related and Non-related Diversification Strategy of
Domestic Business Groups in Vietnam. International journal of advanced research in
engineering and management, 5(7), 12-17.
Russo, M., & Cesarani, M. (2017). Strategic alliance success factors: A literature review on
alliance lifecycle. International Journal of Business Administration, 8(3), 1-9.
Zhang, D. (2013). The revival of vertical integration: strategic choice and performance
influences. Journal of management and strategy, 4(1), 1.
Response Jonathan:
 
Is there any research suggesting how well the corporate strategies of vertical integration, diversification, mergers and acquisitions, and alliances work?
            There are many strategies businesses use to gain or maintain a competitive advantage. Some of the strategies include, but are not limited to, vertical integration, (product) diversification, mergers and acquisitions (M&A), and alliances. Each of these options provides a different benefit to the companies under the optimal conditions. Therefore, a company should carefully examine each one and determine if and how it supports their strategic plan.
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are an age-old technique in the business world for accessing complimentary businesses or removing a potential competitor.  Chae et al. (2022) contend that the success of an M&A is firmly linked to the synergies between their supply chains. This argument could be applied to manufacturing or services companies if you view clients as a supply chain. The research is not unanimous in this subject. Benitez et al. (2018) discovered that post M&A benefits were found with firms that had similar supply chains pre-M&A. This would indicate synergy lies in similarity, not diversity. Rogan and Sorenson (2014) discovered that firms who shared customers prior to the acquisition did not experience as strong post M&A performance. This is an important factor that should be considered in the lead up to a decision for an M&A.
Vertical integration is the practice of an organization taking direct ownership of various stages of its production process rather than relying on external contractors or suppliers (Hayes et al., 2003). This practice is undertaken for several reasons. One may be quality control or just control of the larger supply chain which impacts their operations and timing. Orsdemir et al. (2019) examined corporations executing a vertical integration strategy to secure their corporate social and environmental responsibility (CSER). For large corporations who have the capital to expend and are reliant on CSER scores, this is a viable option. Small and medium enterprises (SME’s) may not be able to vertically integrate owing to the extensive capital expenditures required.
In conclusion, it is evident that any of the aforementioned integration strategies can have a positive impact on organizational performance. While some strategies are better suited to certain businesses, all aspects must be considered prior to executing a strategy. In the case of M&A, the supply chains and customer bases must be examined to determine if there is synergy or if it would result in destructive interference. For vertical integration, there are numerous benefits and pitfalls. Not every company is positioned to vertically integrate  due to the costs, but those that can afford it may reap the benefits of quality control and supply chain management for their entire operation.
References
Benitez, J., Ray, G., & Henseler, J. (2018). Impact of information technology infrastructure
flexibility on mergers and acquisitions. RUN. https://run.unl.pt/handle/10362/145938
Chae, S., Byung-Gak Son, Yan, T., & Yang, Y. S. (2022). Supply chains and the success of
M&As: investigating the effect of structural equivalence of merging firms’ supplier and customer bases. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 42(8), 1272-1293. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-12-2021-0745
Hayes, A., James, M., & Munichielo, K. (2003, November 23). Vertical integration explained:
How it works, with types and examples. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/
terms/v/verticalintegration.asp
Orsdemir, A., Hu, B., & Deshpandi, V. (2019). Ensuring Corporate Social and Environmental
Responsibility Through Vertical Integration and Horizontal Sourcing. https://Pubsonline.
informs.org/. https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/msom.2018.0744
Rogan, M., & Sorenson, O. (2014). Picking a (Poor) Partner: A Relational Perspective on
Acquisitions. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261331949_Pick
ing_a_Poor_Partner_A_Relational_Perspective_on_Acquisitions

Determine the purchase decision process for the buyer of your company’s product. · What is the purchase process for your company’s product? Is it B2C or B2B? What stages of the buying process are most critical for the buyers of your product and why?

Course Project Draft 1: The opening of African fast food stores
Draft 1 of your Marketing Plan is due this week (up to 5 pages long). Your submission should contain: a Title Page with the great topic (e.g., Marketing Strategies of ‘Your Company’ in…..), Table of Contents (from the Drafts’ outline), a reserved 1 page space for the Executive Summary (written during Week 8), your Marketing Environment, and Buyer Behavior analysis.
Introduction
Strategic Marketing Brief
The Course Project is a strategic marketing brief and summary presentation for a new product. Similar to a complete marketing plan, the brief includes topics such as the marketing mix and promotional mix. In contrast to a marketing plan, the strategic brief communicates these and other topics to a different audience. It addresses senior executives and investors rather than managers and frontline workers. As such, your brief will focus on why your marketing organization is doing what it is doing, rather than the details of what it is doing and how.
Although you will discuss tactical activities such as advertising and breakeven point, strive to communicate a high-level strategic perspective with your writing. To help gain that perspective in the context of marketing, be sure to watch the Week 2: PlayPosit, which discusses strategic leadership using marketing examples that have turned into goods, services, and ideas that are still in market today. As you watch the PlayPosit, focus on the question posed: Why does a product exist?
Begin by selecting a product and company to use as an example throughout the brief. By using one product and company, the research, organization, and presentation of your recommendations will be easier. Your product and company can be imaginary, or a business you would be interested in starting, or an existing product and company that are in market today. The product can be B2C or B2B, and the company can be any organizational structure. The product and company are not important, because they will merely serve as examples. That is to say, you’ll include the what and the how, but you’ll focus your writing about the why.
Draft 1
· Marketing Environment
· Buyer Behavior

Week Due

Sections

Description

Week 2: Draft 1

1. Marketing Environment

Cover
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Analyze the dynamics of the marketing environment for your company’s product.
· Summarize the marketing mix for your company’s product and explain which market orientation (or combination thereof) you will adopt in setting product strategy.
· Who is the most influential actor in the microenvironment for your company’s product and why?
· What is the most influential force in the macroenvironment for your company’s product and why?

2. Buyer Behavior

Determine the purchase decision process for the buyer of your company’s product.
· What is the purchase process for your company’s product? Is it B2C or B2B? What stages of the buying process are most critical for the buyers of your product and why?
· What are the strongest buying influences on the purchasers of your company’s product, and how can you use an understanding of those influences on your buyers to a strategic advantage?
· Where does your company’s product fall on the diffusion of innovation curve, and what are the strategic implications of this on the marketing of your company’s product?

Due Wednesday September 6th by 4PM New York Time / 5 pages

Analyze how women of this time period (1865-1900) struggled to define a notion of equality that was inclusive to all, despite the many racial and economic differences among them.

Chicago style referencing

Total of 7 ½ pages

Assignment 1 – 1 page

Read chapter 6 of Through Women’ Eyes, paying particular attention to “Reading into the Past” Leonora Barry, p. 311, and Primary Sources: Ida B. Wells, ‘Race Woman’, ‘The Woman Who Toils’, and ‘The Higher Education of Women in the Postbellum Years’. 
Describes how the writings and/or images shown in the documents that this chapter showcases convey a sense of how Black women and White women distinguish themselves as similar and different from one another.
Analyzes how women of this time period (1865-1900) struggled to define a notion of equality that was inclusive to all, despite the many racial and economic differences among them.

Assignment 2 – 1 page

Read chapter 7 of Through Women’s Eyes, paying particular attention to the short blurbs by Emma Goldman (p. 369) and Clemencia Lopez (p. 386) in the Reading into the Past sections of this chapter. 
Study the content guide on The Black Experience and Westward Migration as well as the primary source documents on Representing Native American Women in the Late Nineteenth Century; Jacob Riis’s Photographs of Immigrant Girls and Women, and these online resources on Alice Austen’s life and work:

Alice Austen House Home Page

Alice Austen Biography

Alice Austen Photography Collection

analyzes :
How conflicting ideas on how women placed themselves in American society at this point in history are reflected in the images and/or writings.
How women’s self-presentation of these ideas sheds light on their perspectives of U.S. historical narratives as well as the nation’s evolving relationship with the world.

Assignment 3 – 1 page

Read chapter 8 of Through Women’s Eyes, on Women’s Associations and The Progressive Era; and particularly the Primary Source documents on Black Women and Progressive Era Reforms; Parades, Picketing, and Power: Women in Public Space; and Modernizing Womanhood. Optional: Also visit 
Women and Social Movements website for more ideas.

analyzes:
How women defined equality for themselves as women vis-a-vis men;
How women addressed racial and economic differences within American society in their activism.
Assignment 4
The post-Civil War years marked the birth of children’s author Laura Ingalls Wilder (1867-1957), who chronicled the experiences of her family’s journey across the Midwest and Great Plains of the United States as a pioneering family. Wilder wrote nine books in her much heralded Little House series, as well as a final memoir about the latter years of her life with her husband Almanzo Wilder and daughter Rose Wilder Lane. The popular television series “Little House on the Prairie” was based on the book series, and numerous museums and historic sites have been established throughout the country marking the areas where her family lived and documenting such things as the recipes her family used to cook some of the meals that the books describe. These efforts to preserve the history of her family have created an interesting archive of both fictional and historically reliable artifacts that offer us — as students of women’s history — a unique opportunity to study.
The Laura Ingalls Wilder archive also offers us a model of what public history might look like within the field of U.S. study part of that archive and write analysis of your findings. Here’s what I’d like you to do: 
Part 1 – 1 ½ page
a.
define public history.

Read the chapters 6-8 from Through Women’s Eyes.
Familiarize yourself with the concept of public history by visiting the
 National Council on Public History and 

Explore the Little House series:
Read an excerpt from one of the nine books in the Little House series or view one of the episodes from the Little House on the Prairie television series. Both the books and DVDs from the television series are widely available through public libraries. You can also find excepts of the books by searching 
Google Books.

If you read these books as a child or watched the Little House on the Prairie series on television, you may draw on your memories of the stories.
b.
summarizes the excerpt you chose. Please be sure to indicate which book or which television episode you chose Or, summarizes what you learned about Laura Ingalls Wilder from two of the following museum sites:  

Visit the 
Laura Ingalls Wilder Historic Home and Museum and at least one more of the websites below on Laura Ingalls Wilder and her family. If you live near one of the museums or historic sites dedicated to her family, you might want to physically visit the site if you have the time to do so.

Little House on the Prairie Museum

Wilder Homestead in Malone NY

Rose Wilder Lane’s life history from the Library of Congress American Memory Project

Little House in the Census

Part 2 – 3 pages

·
write essay.

The Laura Ingalls Wilder archive that we studied on Laura Ingalls Wilder offers a model of what public history might look like within the field of U.S. Women’s History.  study part of that archive and write an analysis of your findings.
In this essay, you are considering the sources you looked at in regard to “historical” sources such as websites about Laura Ingalls Wilder’s life, or the books she wrote in the children’s book series “Little House on the Prairie”, or the more recent TV show version of the book series.
Consider these various sources as examples of “public history”–that is, history presented in a more accessible [and more creative] form than is usually presented in textbooks.
NOW–based on your reading of our textbook, especially chapter 7, pages 356-367, how do these sources about Laura Ingalls Wilder stand up to the documented history in our textbook about women and the western expansion period? Are the ‘public history’ sources you looked at: websites, children’s books, TV series, historically accurate? Or do they add something to your understanding of the history of the period that the textbook does not provide? Make some evaluative/analytical comments in your essay, along with describing the sources you reviewed.
As you are writing your analysis, make sure that your essay includes:
Brief descriptions of each of the resources in the Laura Ingalls Wilder archive that you consulted. You also may include resources shared by your classmates in the M3 Workshop: Laura Ingalls Wilder.
Analysis of how you as historian interacted with, interpreted, and engaged with the resources.
A synthesis of how your interpretations might provide a public contribution to the “identification, preservation, interpretation, and presentation” of women’s history in the United States for public consumption.
Critique the role of young adult literature, television series, museums, and autobiographical sources in making history relevant to the present.
Additional Resources
You also might want to consult the e-book linked below for additional information as well as the numerous e-books on the life of Laura Ingalls Wilder that are available in the Empire State College’s ebrary collection. 

Laura Ingalls Wilder and Rose Wilder Lane : authorship, place, time, and culture / John E. Miller. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2008. NDL-OPAC, EBSCOhost

You might also want to revisit the 
National Council on Public History as you are writing your essay. 

.

Laura Ingalls Wilder and her signature, Public Domain.

·
image1.jpeg

Beefsteak is a fast-casual restaurant concept from acclaimed Chef José Andrés that focuses on the “unsung power of vegetables” (Beefsteak Company Background Packet, . What key characteristics should Beefsteak recruiters look for in candidates, especially with regard to how someone will fit into the company culture?

 
Prior to beginning work on this final presentation,
For this class, The Beefsteak Reinforcing Culture Through Human Capital Development Case Study Analysis final presentation assignment will apply toward Folio.
Scenario
Beefsteak is a fast-casual restaurant concept from acclaimed Chef José Andrés that focuses on the “unsung power of vegetables” (Beefsteak Company Background Packet, n.d., page 7). hat key characteristics should Beefsteak recruiters look for in candidates, especially with regard to how someone will fit into the company culture?José Andrés is a world-renowned chef and owner of a number of restaurants. He was nominated for the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize for his work with disaster relief through his nonprofit organization World Central Kitchen. Andrés’s mission is to change the world through the power of food. Jim Biafore, Senior Director for Beefsteak, knows that culture—much like any good business—is forever changing, adapting to its environment. As Beefsteak grows, he sees the need to develop employees not only for return on investment, but also for maintenance of the culture and values espoused from the larger organization, ThinkFoodGroup. Beefsteak needs to develop programs to develop its employees in line with the company’s mission and strategic direction.
Assume the role of a Beefsteak consultant dedicated to creating and reinforcing the company’s ideal culture. Jim Biafore wants you to assess Beefsteak’s current company culture, determine ways that it can be improved, forecast potential changes through growth, and provide a plan for sustaining cultural longevity through employees.
Using the materials provided to you, as well as at least two to three additional resources pertaining to human resource management, prepare a PowerPoint presentation with audio on the proposal for a strategic human capital development program focused on the transmission of company core values. You may use the University of Arizona Global Campus resource, Presentation TipsLinks to an external site., for assistance on adding audio to your presentation.
To communicate with Beefsteak’s Jim Biafore and executive team, you will present your analysis using PowerPoint with audio. The analysis should be six to eight slides. The strategic human capital analysis should reinforce the culture through

recruitment
training
retention
team development
organizational responsibility

The analysis should also consider Week 4’s contemporary human capital topic and predictive analysis.
Consider the following questions as you prepare your analysis:

What might you infer about Beefsteak’s current company culture? Does it have elements of organizational responsibility?
What key characteristics should Beefsteak recruiters look for in candidates, especially with regard to how someone will fit into the company culture?
How does job training and employee development differ from a cultural standpoint?
What motivates individuals or employees to believe in a cause?
What do employees want out of development programs?
What about employee development programs benefits the company?
Why is it important to think about employee development at this stage?
What contemporary human capital issues might you consider at Beefsteak?
Is it possible to use some predictive analysis technique?
How might things differ if Beefsteak expands globally rather than just in the U.S.?
How do you plan to measure the success/failure of your culture strategy? What steps will you take to ensure that the culture is shifting and/or being reinforced in that way that you intend?

In this presentation analysis,

Determine ways to improve the company’s culture in a growth environment.
Assess and make recommendations regarding the company’s recruiting, training, development, and retention strategies.
Integrate contemporary human capital topics and predictive analysis.
Discuss potential global expansion on the company culture and success.
Formulate an overall organized and concise proposal for the company’s ideal culture supported through human resource management.

The Beefsteak Reinforcing Culture Through Human Capital Development Case Study Analysis Audio PowerPoint presentation

Must be six to eight slides in length (not including title and references slides) and formatted according to APA StyleLinks to an external site. as outlined in the Writing Center’s How to Make a PowerPoint PresentationLinks to an external site. resource.
Must include a separate title slide with the following:

Title of the proposal
Student’s name
Course name and number

Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must use two scholarly and/or credible sources in addition to the course text and Beefsteak case study.

Must document any information used from sources in APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center’s APA: Citing Within Your PaperLinks to an external site. guide.

Avoid over-dependence on direct quotes. Direct quotes are a great way to strengthen our assertions and provide support. However, be sure to avoid using excessive direct quotes in lieu of original thought. Direct quotes will not meet the requirement for analysis, application, and critical thinking. Please ensure to not overuse direct quote so that you can avoid losing points for this. Review the Integrating ResearchLinks to an external site. resource from the Writing Center for additional guidance.

Must include a separate reference slide that is formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center. See the APA: Formatting Your References ListLinks to an external site. resource in the Writing Center for specifications.

Should the role of race and racism in infant mortality shape priority setting and the allocation of resources in public health? If so, why?

Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Health Management
and Policy Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA

This case is presented for instructional purposes only. The ideas and opinions expressed
are the authors’ own. The case is not meant to refl ect the offi cial position, views, or
policies of the editors, the editors’ host institutions, or the authors’ host institutions.

3.8.1 Background

Preterm births, the leading cause of infant mortality, are increasing annually worldwide
(World Health Organization 2012 ). The United State s shares company with Nigeria,
India, and Brazil among the top ten countri es with the highest numbers of preterm births
and ranks 31st among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
nations in infant mortality (OECD 2010 ). Within the United States, racial and ethnic
disparities in infant mortality remain entrenched and have increased (MacDorman and
Mathews 2009 ). U.S. health policy leaders have made the elimination of health dispari-
ties a top public health priority (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2011 ;
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2011 ). Infant mortality is an important
area of focus for eliminating disparities, both in its own right and because the rate of
infant mortality serves as an indicator of the nation’s health due to its association with
maternal health, social and economic conditions, racial discrimination, access to health
care, and public health practices (MacDorman and Mathews 2009 ).

During the twentieth century, U.S. infant mortality declined 93 % (MacDorman
2011 ). In 1900, about 100 infants died per 1000 live births. By 2000, that number
fell to 6.89. During the last half of the twentieth century, the rate of black infant
mortality dropped dramatically. In 1950, black infant mortality was 43.9 deaths per
1000 live births compared with 26.8 deaths per 1000 live births among whites
(Mechanic 2002 ). But by 1998 black infant mortality fell to 13.8 deaths per 1000
live births compared with 6.0 deaths per 1000 live births among whites. As these
numbers show, both groups made signifi cant absolute gains, with blacks gaining
more in absolute terms—a reduction of 30.1 for blacks and 20.8 for whites. Yet,
black infant mortality still remained about twice that of whites.

N. Daniels

85

These disparities have persisted in the twenty-fi rst century. In 2006, non- Hispanic
black women experienced the highest rate of infant mortality, with 13.4 infant
deaths per 1000 live births, while non-Hispanic white women had a considerably
lower rate, with 5.6 infant deaths per 1000 live births. Citing a 2006 report from the
National Healthy Start Association, MacDorman and Mathews ( 2009 ) report that
programmatic efforts to reduce disparities in black-white infant mortality have had
some successes at local levels, but eliminating the disparities is diffi cult.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services have prioritized both the elimination of health dispari-
ties and improvement in overall population health. These twin goals—one distribu-
tive, the other aggregative—are separate and sometimes confl ict (Anand 2004 ).
Increases in health disparities often accompany advances in aggregate gains in popu-
lation health (Mechanic 2007 ). Although this case is specifi c to the United State s, the
dilemma is not. Data show that signifi cant progress on child mortality has been made
in many countries but that this overall success is often coupled with increased
inequalities between advantaged and disadvantaged groups (Chopra et al. 2012 ). In
China and India, for example, disparities in mortality persist between boys and girls
younger than 5 years, a function of entrenched gender discrimination (You et al.
2010 ). These examples raise challenging questions about how ethically to assess
such cases and set priorities for the allocation of scarce public health resources.

3.8.2 Case Description

You serve as the director for the local health department in a racially segregated
urban city in the Midwest with one of the greatest concentrations of African
Americans in the United States. The city has a long history of civil rights activism
that led to protests and marches that ultimately empowered and mobilized black
communities and organizations. Your health department has a history of prioritizing
maternal-child health and the elimination of black-white disparities in infant mor-
tality in its programs, an investment of resources affi rmed by the city residents
through the department’s community outreach program and planning processes.

Chronic underfunding of public health, made worse by the economic downturn,
has resulted in drastic and unprecedented reductions in the public health budget. In
consultation with your staff and community board of health, you have raised the
possibility of redirecting resources from maternal-child health into other programs
based on a number of practical and ethical considerations. As with national statis-
tics, the city has seen signifi cant declines in black infant mortality, even as black-
white disparities remain. You note that although the maternal-child health programs
are cost-effective, their impact on reducing black-white disparities seems to have
stalled. Other programs appear to meet targets more consistently. To help support
these other programs, you note that allocating resources to more effective programs
provides more “health” per dollar, thus meeting the utilitarian demand to maximize
overall health, which many view as the primary goal of public health and health
policy (Powers and Faden 2006 ). In addition, although black-white disparities in

3 Resource Allocation and Priority Setting

86

infant mortality persist, blacks have made signifi cant gains, declining more than
whites in some decades. You note that remaining inequalities could be deemed ethi-
cally acceptable by some standard s of equity , such as the “maximin” principle .
Although this distributive principle is subject to interpretation (Van Parijs 2003 ), it
is generally understood to require that social and economic inequalities work to
benefi t society’s least advantaged groups. Thus, inequalities (even signifi cant ones)
are morally acceptable as long as the least advantaged have signifi cantly benefi ted
(Powers and Faden 2006 ).

The director of community outreach proposes that the health department not
make this decision unilaterally, but instead listen to community opinions on these
questions of priorities and fairness. He suggests that the health department collabo-
rate with community partners to host a series of public forums. He insists that a
topic of such historic and contemporary concern to the community must be subject
to public deliberation. Despite having a history of supporting community discus-
sions, you are concerned about the cost of community forums, noting that they will
drain resources from an already slim budget.

3.8.3 Discussion Questions

1. Have local health departments met their ethical obligations when community
health improves overall, but health disparities persist? If not, why not? If so, on
what grounds?

2. Is there something about infant mortality that makes it special in considerations
of fairness? If so, what is it?

3. Should the role of race and racism in infant mortality shape priority setting and
the allocation of resources in public health? If so, why?

4. On what grounds and how should you as the local health department director
make resource allocation decisions? What standard s—evidence, principle s of
justice , public opinion—should infl uence priority setting?

5. Should the community have a role in identifying community health priorities or,
more specifi cally, in providing input into allocation decisions that directly affect
them? If so, how should the community be involved and who represents the
community?

References

Anand, S. 2004. The concern for equity in health. In Public health, ethics, and equity , ed. S.
Anand, F. Peter, and A. Sen, 15–20. New York: Oxford University Press.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2011. About CDC’s Offi ce of Minority Health &
Health Equity (OMHHE). http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/OMHHE.html . Accessed 29 Apr
2013.

N. Daniels

87

Chopra, M., H. Campbell, and I. Rudan. 2012. Understanding the determinants of the complex
interplay between cost-effectiveness and equitable impact in maternal and child mortality
reduction. Journal of Global Health 2(1): 1–10.

MacDorman, M.F. 2011. Infant deaths—United States, 2000–2007. MMWR Supplement 60:
49–51.

MacDorman, M.F., and T.J. Mathews. 2009. The challenge of infant mortality: Have we reached a
plateau? Public Health Reports 124(5): 670–681.

Mechanic, D. 2002. Disadvantage, inequality, and social policy. Health Affairs 21(2): 48–59.
Mechanic, D. 2007. Population health: Challenges for science and society. The Milbank Quarterly

85(3): 533–559.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2010. OECD health data:

Infant mortality. https://data.oecd.org/healthstat/infant-mortality-rates.htm . Accessed 25 May
2015.

Powers, M., and R. Faden. 2006. Social justice: The moral foundations of public health and health
policy. New York: Oxford University Press.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2011. HHS action plan to reduce racial and
ethnic health disparities. http://www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov/npa/templates/content.
aspx?lvl=1&lvlid=33&ID=285 . Accessed 25 May 2015.

Van Parijs, P. 2003. Difference principles. In The Cambridge companion to Rawls , ed. S. Freeman,
200–240. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

World Health Organization (WHO). 2012. Born too soon: The global action report on preterm birth.
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241503433_eng.pdf . Accessed 29 Apr 2013.

You, D., G. Jones, T. Wardlaw, and M. Chopra. 2010. Levels and trends in child mortality, 1990–
2009. Lancet 376(9745): 931–933.

3.9 Case 5: Priority Setting in Healt h Care: Ethical Issues

M. Inés Gómez and Lorna Luco
Centro de Bioética, Facultad de Medicina
Clínica Alemana–Universidad del Desarrollo
Santiago , Chile
e-mail: [email protected]

This case is presented for instructional purposes only. The ideas and opinions
expressed are the authors’ own. The case is not meant to refl ect the offi cial position,
views, or policies of the editors, the editors’ host institutions, or the authors’ host
institutions.

3.9.1 Background

The Chilean Sy stem of Guarantees in Health—created by law in 2004—aims to
establish guaranteed health care interventions in health promotion, disease and
injury prevention , diagnosis and treatment , rehabilitation and palliative care
(Ministerio de Salud 2004 ). The law mandates that public and private insurers pro-
vide the resources needed to protect the public against excessive health-related

3 Resource Allocation and Priority Setting

Case Study: A Middle-Aged Caucasian Man With Anxiety. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this patient. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.

Case Study:

https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/NURS/6630/DT/week_05/index.html

Examine
 Case Study: A Middle-Aged Caucasian Man With Anxiety. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this patient. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.

At each decision point, you should evaluate all options before selecting your decision and moving throughout the exercise. Before you make your decision, make sure that you have researched each option and that you evaluate the decision that you will select. Be sure to research each option using the primary literature.

Introduction to the case (1 page)

· Briefly explain and summarize the case for this Assignment. Be sure to include the specific patient factors that may impact your decision making when prescribing medication for this patient.

Decision #1 (1 page)

· Which decision did you select?
· Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
· Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
· What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).
· Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Decision #2 (1 page)

· Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
· Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
· What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).
· Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Decision #3 (1 page)

· Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
· Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
· What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).
· Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.

Conclusion (1 page)

· Summarize your recommendations on the treatment options you selected for this patient. Be sure to justify your recommendations and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
References:
· Stahl, S. M. (2021). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications (5th Ed.) Cambridge University Press.
· Chapter 8,  “Anxiety, Trauma, and Treatment” (pp. 359-378)
· American Psychiatric Association. (2010a). 

Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder
Links to an external site.
. https://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/acutestressdisorderptsd.pdf

· American Psychiatric Association. (2010c). 

Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with panic disorder
Links to an external site.
 (2nd ed.). https://psychiatryonline.org/pb/assets/raw/sitewide/practice_guidelines/guidelines/panicdisorder.pdf

Identify your selected film, including writer, director, year of release, and genre. Describe the ways in which your chosen film has impacted society or how it has called attention to a particular social issue (i.e., politically or culturally, positive or negative).

You are encouraged to incorporate writing from your Week 2 and Week 3 assignments only after you have reflected on your instructor’s feedback and revised the relevant parts of the essays accordingly. Additionally, refer to the outline template in the Week 4 assignment. As you are incorporating your previous work, be sure to consider the broader requirements and context of this assignment, especially regarding film as a medium of social commentary. Do not simply cut and paste material but rather use it as a building block to construct a new paper addressing this prompt’s requirements.
This final film critique is your opportunity to combine the previously addressed elements from Weeks’ 2 and 3 papers into analyzing one film and how it might influence society or shine a light on a social issue.
Please choose a film from this 

List of Approved Films

 Download List of Approved Films
. Review the 

Week 5 Sample Paper

 Download Week 5 Sample Paper

.

Note: You should watch your chosen film twice—once to ensure that you have grasped the storytelling and once more to specifically analyze scenes, techniques, and elements of the film for your paper. If you would like to write about a film not listed, you must contact your professor to request approval in advance or you may not receive credit for this assignment.

Write: 

In your introductory paragraph,
· Identify your selected film, including writer, director, year of release, and genre..
· Summarize the film in which you apply your knowledge of the difference between the film’s story and its plot.
· Describe one of the broad theories you have learned about in class (auteur theory, genre theory, formalist theory) that you will use to analyze your film in this paper.
· Develop a thesis statement that describes how the specific elements of your chosen film work together to communicate themes relating to a particular social issue.
· Visit the 

Writing a Thesis Statement

Links to an external site.
 resource from the UAGC Writing Center.

In the body of your paper,
· Analyze your selected film using one of the broad theories you have learned about in class (auteur theory, genre theory, formalist theory).
· Evaluate the use of three specific techniques and design elements employed in the film as they contribute to the overarching narrative, theme, and social commentary of your chosen film. This can include elements of mise-en-scène (e.g., lighting, sound, composition of frame, costuming, etc.) and editing (e.g., cuts and transitions, shots used, angles, etc.).
· Describe the ways in which your chosen film has impacted society or how it has called attention to a particular social issue (i.e., politically or culturally, positive or negative).
In the conclusion of your paper,
· Draw connections between each element of your chosen film and how they contribute to the film’s overall stance on a particular social issue, if it is effective in doing so, and why addressing this issue is necessary to society.
 
Final Film Critique: Film and Social Resonance Analysis final paper
· Must be five to six double-spaced pages (1500 to 1800 words) in length (not including title page and references) and formatted according to 

APA Style

Links to an external site.
 as outlined in the Writing Center’s 

APA Formatting for Microsoft WordLinks to an external site.

· Must include a separate title page with the following:
· Title of paper in bold font
· Space should appear between the title and the rest of the information on the title page.
· Student’s name
· Name of institution (The University of Arizona Global Campus)
· Course name and number
· Instructor’s name
· Due date
· Must utilize academic voice. See the 

Academic Voice

Links to an external site.
 resource for additional guidance.

· Must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph. Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper.
· For assistance on writing 

Introductions & Conclusions

Links to an external site.
 and 

Writing a Thesis Statement

Links to an external site.
, refer to the Writing Center resources.

· Must use at least three scholarly sources in addition to the course text.
· The 

Scholarly, Peer-Reviewed, and Other Credible Sources

Links to an external site.
 table offers additional guidance on appropriate source types. If you have questions about whether a specific source is appropriate for this assignment, please contact your instructor. Your instructor has the final say about the appropriateness of a specific source.

· To assist you in completing the research required for this assignment, view the 

Quick and Easy Library Research

Links to an external site.
 tutorial, which introduces the University of Arizona Global Campus Library and the research process, and provides some library search tips.

· Must document any information used from sources in APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center’s 

APA: Citing Within Your Paper guide.

Links to an external site.

· Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA Style as outlined in the Writing Center. See the 

APA: Formatting Your References List

Links to an external site.
 resource in the Writing Center for specifications.

Film I chose is Boyz n the hood

What role do you think psychologists can play in promoting preventive interventions and helping individuals stay healthy? How can their expertise contribute to addressing challenges and obstacles to maintaining a healthy lifestyle?

 In response to your peers, please aim for at least one paragraph that provides additional information, a different perspective, or a follow-up question related to their post. Maintain a respectful and supportive tone, acknowledging and appreciating their contributions. The goal is to engage in a collaborative learning environment, allowing everyone to explore the topic further and deepen their understanding of the subject matter. 
 
1#  I think it is pretty important for psychologists to treat and help people stay healthy in many scenerios. While I don’t believe that psychologists should be primary care doctors or anyhting, I think that they can be very helpful in noticing and helping prevent future problems that may arise that are noticed during sessions. They should always be trying to promote healthier routes for their clients and suggest changes that may help them out in the long run. When the health problems seem to stem from psychological related issues is I think when it is really important for psychologists to be able to truly try and help out. 
       There can be numerous things that make it hard for people to try and stay “healthy”. Many people may feel like they lack the time to go out and be active and try and stay in shape, while others may feel like trying to be healthy is just too much and overwhelming. (Alexander 2020) These can have negative affects on the mind and make it hard for people to stay healthy or even try to in their standards. Being in a state of learned helplessness may only make matters worse because someone may not even try to make changes when it is entirely possible to. Things so simple as just taking a walk can be difficult as they don’t feel like they can control anything that happens to them. 
       Some things that I like to do to try and stay healthy and in shape are going for brisk walks around sunset right after I eat dinner, and taking some time for myself mentally at the end of each day, or in the morning before I begin my day. These help me feel more in control of what I do and make me feel as if I have purpose and self care in life. Another thing I do to try and stay healthy is join some recreational adult sports leagues to just keep in shape and have fun while doing it. 
 
2# Psychologists play a crucial role in treating mental health problems and promoting overall well-being. Additionally, their efforts to prevent problems and help people stay healthy are equally important. One research article that supports this idea is “The Prevention of Mental Disorders in School-Aged Children: Current State of the Field” by Fazel, Hoagwood, Stephan, and Ford (2014). The article highlights the significance of preventive interventions in schools to address mental health issues among children and adolescents. Challenges to staying healthy can vary among individuals, but two common obstacles are lack of motivation and limited access to resources. Motivation can diminish when individuals feel overwhelmed or lack a clear understanding of the benefits of healthy habits. Limited access to resources, such as healthy food options or safe exercise environments, can also hinder efforts to stay healthy. Learned helplessness can indeed make it harder to stay healthy. When individuals believe they have no control over their health outcomes, they may feel discouraged and less likely to engage in healthy behaviors. This mindset can lead to a lack of initiative to make positive changes and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Another obstacle to staying healthy is the presence of unhealthy environmental cues. Surroundings that promote unhealthy habits, such as easy access to junk food or a sedentary lifestyle, can undermine efforts to stay healthy. The constant exposure to such cues can create a challenging environment that makes it harder to adopt and maintain healthy behaviors. To stay healthy, individuals can consider incorporating two strategies: regular physical activity and maintaining a balanced diet. Engaging in regular exercise has been extensively studied and shown to have numerous physical and mental health benefits. It can help manage weight, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, improve mood, and enhance overall well-being. Similarly, maintaining a balanced diet that includes nutrient-rich foods supports optimal health and can prevent various health conditions. Practicing mindfulness meditation is a strategy that many people find beneficial for their well-being. Research suggests that mindfulness meditation can reduce stress, improve focus, and enhance overall mental health. Numerous studies have shown its effectiveness in reducing anxiety, depression, and improving overall psychological well-being. Every individual’s experiences may vary, and it’s always recommended to consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice.
Question: What role do you think psychologists can play in promoting preventive interventions and helping individuals stay healthy? How can their expertise contribute to addressing challenges and obstacles to maintaining a healthy lifestyle?

Compare and contrast differences and similarities among the disciplines in terms of central concerns, values, methodologies, and relationships to public life.

Essay
Your first research essay should be a fully completed work of 5 pages (
Body Paragraphs, NOT including Title or Reference Page, or any graphics). Your topic may be related to the development of any idea that has already been expressed as part of the course; your thesis should be a synthesis of carefully documented research and critical analysis of this topic. The essay should incorporate the general parts of an academic essay—an introduction and thesis, a body of specific evidence/support/analysis, and a conclusion that emphasizes the answers to questions you may have asked within your research.

Your writing should address the Core Learning Outcomes of the course and the Instructor Specific Learning Outcomes, as specified on the syllabus. I have included them here for your convenience:
1. Analyze the disciplinary content in its own context and in relationship to the issues, questions, and positions of other disciplines.
2. Compare and contrast differences and similarities among the disciplines in terms of central concerns, values, methodologies, and relationships to public life.
3. Synthesize diverse perspectives to achieve an interdisciplinary understanding.
4. Analyze the relationships among academic knowledge, professional work, and the responsibilities of local and global citizenship.
5. Interpret and critique the possible “real world” connections or behaviors associated with the viewing or playing of media violence.
Instructor Learning Outcomes
1. Identify, discuss, and critique the representations of serial killers as heroes, celebrities, and icons in modern media forms. Explain the characteristics of the media forms, genres, and methods for each subject.
2. Describe and analyze the popular culture forms that encourage audience identification or participation through violence or vicarious experience.
3. Evaluate multiple perspectives, modes of inquiry and expression, and processes for decision-making in the disciplines.
Specifics
Your essay should conform to the MLA format for citations within the text and in your works cited. Therefore, your writing should be double-spaced, with one-inch margins, in a 10-12-pitch font. The grading of this essay will be based upon the objective skills we have focused upon in our course lectures and discussions—incorporating your research sources seamlessly within your own writing, building upon your skills as a “close-reading” expert, and analysis of your topic, and answering the larger questions about “why” we are studying serial killers as heroes (as well as, “why” your topic is popular? important? significant? worthy of study? definitive of its audience?)
Resources
You should carefully construct your essay by looking at the examples we have studied within our course—the popular culture essays that have been part of your reading assignments, our in-class examples, and the writing process that has been investigated in our class assignments (Reader Response Essays, Discussion Postings, etc.).

This is an enhanced, clearer version of the instructions from the Week 8 Module. Clarifications from me are in brackets/blue and important points are bolded. You should start planning this essay NOW to avoid stress and frustration. Working in “small bites” is always the best way to approach large projects.

Assignment

Paper: Your Final Research Essay should be a
fully completed work of 5 pages [
body only – NOT including Title Page, Sources, graphics/charts or other elements]. Your topic may be
related to the development of any idea that has already been expressed as part of the course [you can write about
anything –
your choice – as long as it’s
related to the class materials and topics. Think about what interested you particularly and if you have questions, send the idea to me and I’ll be happy to review it].

Ideas were provided for the
Midterm that would work here (though you
cannot
rehash your Midterm). You can choose from any of the materials/subjects from Weeks 1-7 for this essay, not only the first three weeks. Craft these example prompts in a way you want with the subjects you want and you will have a topic. You can, of course, develop your own topic and approach.

Example questions/topics from Midterm instructions:

· You may
compare and contrast the way
literary analysis would analyze 
Darkly Dreaming Dexter [or any novel]
differently than
a film analysis would be of the TV series [or movie].  How does Dexter’s “heroic” vigilantism bleed into the real world?

· You may
compare or contrast the film analysis of Alfred Hitchcock’s 
Psycho with the
medical or psychological diagnosis of Norman Bates.  Is it possible to learn from the film’s fiction to allow us to see a “real world” perspective on serial killers?

· How would a
criminal justice perspective on Hannibal Lecter differ from a
social psychological profile?  How does our academic knowledge change our viewing of the film? 

Other options could be analyzing how the movies/ TV series or novels were reviewed, analysis of characters or other elements, the connection between the fictional characters and real-life criminals (who were often the basis for the fictional characters), WHY the market for anything “serial killer related” is so huge or anything else you want to explore. Do not forget to start with a
Research Question about your topic, the
answer to which (through research) will be your
Thesis Statement.

Your
Thesis Statement should be a
synthesis of carefully documented research and critical analysis of this topic. Note that the Thesis Statement is an assertive
statement and
never
a question. The essay should
incorporate the general parts of an academic essay—an Introduction and Thesis, a body of specific evidence/support/analysis, and a conclusion that emphasizes the answers to questions you may have asked within your research.

Your writing should address the
Core Learning Outcomes of the course as specified on the syllabus.

I have included the Outcomes here for your convenience [include/demonstrate as many as you can]:
1.
Analyze the disciplinary content
in its own context and in relationship to the issues, questions, and positions of other disciplines.

2.
Compare and
contrast differences and similarities among the disciplines in terms of central concerns, values, methodologies, and relationships to public life.

3.
Synthesize diverse perspectives to achieve an interdisciplinary understanding.

4.
Analyze the relationships among
academic knowledge, professional work, and the responsibilities of local and global citizenship.

5.
Interpret and critique the possible
“real world” connections or behaviors associated with the viewing or playing of media violence.

Instructor Learning Outcomes:

1.
Identify, discuss and critique the representations of serial killers as heroes, celebrities, and icons in modern media forms. Explain the characteristics of the media forms, genres, and methods for each subject.

2.
Describe and analyze the popular culture forms that encourage audience identification or participation through violence or vicarious experience.

3.
Evaluate multiple perspectives, modes of inquiry and expression, and processes for decision-making in the disciplines.

Specifics

Your essay should conform to the
MLA format [I’ll also accept APA – just make sure you don’t mix the styles] for
citations within the text and in your
Works Cited [or Reference]
Page. Therefore, your writing should be double-spaced, with one-inch margins, in a 10-12-pitch font. The grading of this essay will be based upon the objective skills we have focused on in our course lectures and discussions—incorporating your research sources seamlessly within your own writing, building upon your skills as a “close-reading” expert and analysis of your topic, and answering the larger questions about “why” we are studying serial killers as heroes (as well as, “why” your topic is popular? important? significant? worthy of study? definitive of its audience?)

Resources

You should carefully construct your essay by looking at the
examples we have studied within our course—
the popular culture essays that have been part of your reading assignments, our in-class examples, and the writing process that has been investigated in our class assignments (Midterm Essay, Discussion Postings, etc). [You can include any of the sources I’ve posted in
Discussion or
Doc Sharing or any other
credible sources you find on your own]. Below are links to information on the two styles:

MLA

APA