What do you think? Should there be stricter limits on gun ownership and carrying?
A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.
That is the full text of the 2nd amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
If anyone tells you they KNOW! definitively what it means, they are actually giving you their opinion rather than an objective fact. They can’t possibly know, because it’s inherently ambiguous, as much as some people would like to believe otherwise.
Some people say it means that the government has no constitutional authority to limit a citizen’s right to own semi-automatic handguns or an AR-15, or even a Barrett M82 50 caliber rifle. Others, however, say it means that anyone in an official “well-regulated” militia, like the National Guard, has the right to bear arms. But, the response to this goes, the “militia” really means everyone, because when the constitution was drafted, everyone was subject to being activated to repel invaders.
Many historians think evidence points to the conclusion that the 2nd Amendment was ratified *not* to guarantee an individual right to be continually armed, but because there was widespread opposition to a standing army, so state militias were necessary and should not be disarmed. Or, probably more commonly, constitutional historians accept that the right is an individual right, but is conditioned upon the assumption of participation in a militia, and since militias no longer exist, the individual right to keep and bear arms consequently no longer exists.
One example may be found in a brief submitted to the Supreme Court (page 36) in 2008:
“…the authors of the Second Amendment would be flabbergasted to learn that in endorsing the republican principle of a well-regulated militia, they were also precluding restrictions on such potentially dangerous property as firearms, which governments had always regulated when there was “real danger of public injury from individuals.”
Other people may have other interpretations of the 2nd amendment. So when your great uncle Norman (I hope no one actually has a great uncle Norman!) tells you the 2nd amendment gives him a constitutionally guaranteed right to have that AR-15, or even a machine gun, the truth is…. maybe, maybe not.
As it happens, the 9th Circuit Federal Court of Appeals held in an opinion issued on June 9, 2016, that the Second Amendment does not ensure an individual right to bear arms in public. At that link you can download the opinion and also listen to, or even watch video of, the oral argument that led to it.
The Supreme Court held in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) that the Constitution protects and individual right to own a handgun in the home for self-protection. In contrast, this 9th Circuit opinion ( Peruta v. County of San Diego ) bears on weapons outside the home. Here is one of many news stories about the Peruta decision. And here is the case page for the Heller decision .
According to Peruta, individuals are not constitutionally barred from carrying weapons, but states or other political subdivisions do not violate constitutional rights by requiring individuals to demonstrate a strong need to have a firearm before issuing a license.
That decision was appealed, but the Supreme Court declined to hear the appeal, leaving the decision’s restriction on public carrying of firearms in place.
This is important because it demonstrates that some people’s broad view of the meaning of 2nd Amendment rights isn’t necessarily justified.
What do you think? Should there be stricter limits on gun ownership and carrying?
Whatever your opinion of gun ownership, carrying and regulation, you should remember that, as documented by the Gun Violence Archive, there were 346 mass shootings in the US in 2017 and 340 in 2018. There have been 12 so far in 2019 , and 28 children aged 0-11 killed or injured by gun violence as of January 19, 2019.
describe what you believe your biggest challenge as an investigator would be proving all of those elements of the offense
Discussion 13 – Property Crimes
Discussion: In the first required reading “Crime in the United States, 2018 – Property Crime”, the FBI includes four general offense types grouped together as part of its Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Program to collect data that it classified overall as property crime. Also included in the readings are FBI summaries of each of those four offense types that include the general elements of the offense as well as some statistics regarding those offenses.
For your writing assignment:
(1) pick ONE (1) of those four offenses and generally describe the elements of the offense;
(2) describe what you believe your biggest challenge as an investigator would be proving all of those elements of the offense;
(3) identify AT LEAST ONE investigative tool or technique that you think would be critical to solving that case and explain why it is important.
For example, of you pick burglary as your topic, you will need to explain what the general elements of that offense are and then identify an element that you think is the biggest challenge to prove (is it proving the entry was unlawful, that a theft actually occurred, that a felony was committed, etc) then identify an investigative technique or service that will be critical (is it polygraphs, ballistic evidence, interviewing, crime scene management, etc).
Requirements:
- Your initial post should be a minimum of 250-275 words.
What theory/theories resonate most with you to explain why women engage in crime? Why?
What theory/theories resonate most with you to explain why women engage in crime? Why? Can you think of policies and/or programs to help assist women who engage in crime?
Please use strain theory and differential association theory
Word count 250-300 words
What did the authors of the article say about the deterrent nature of video surveillance?
Read the attached article: Measuring the effectiveness of Video Surveillance in Los Angeles.
- What did the authors of the article say about the deterrent nature of video surveillance?
- What is the difference between active and passive surveillance?
- What types of measures where used to evaluate the effectiveness of the CCTV cameras?
- What is your opinion of the use of video surveillance for crime prevention?
Measuring the effects of Video Surveillance on crime in LA.pdf
How does Predictive Policing differ from other prior policing methods?
Read the linked article: Predictive Policing: The Future of Law Enforcement and answer the following questions:
1) What is predictive policing?
2) How does Predictive Policing differ from other prior policing methods?
3) What components are critical for it to be effective?
4) What do you think about its ability to predict or reduce crime?
Which do you think is more important for organizations: downward communication or upward communication? Why?
Based on your readings from this week’s chapters, please answer the following questions:
- Which do you think is more important for organizations: downward communication or upward communication? Why?
- Which of the conflict causes do you feel is most challenging to a manager? Why?
- Critique Fiedler’s LPC theory. Are other elements of the situation important? Do you think Fiedler’s assertion about the inflexibility of leader behavior makes sense? Why or why not?
Human trafficking has been on the rise recently. What has your state done to combat human trafficking?
Assignment
Human trafficking has been on the rise recently. What has your state done to combat human trafficking? Does your state have any legislation concerning human trafficking? What resources does your state offer to victims of human trafficking?
Explore the national statistics regarding human trafficking as it is reported to the National Human Trafficking Resource Center (NHTRC) (Links to an external site.). Select your state and provide the statistics from 2016 – 2020. Is there a drastic difference in numbers from year to year? If there is or isn’t a big difference, why do you think that is?
Submission Requirements
- One (1) page
- Name, class, and date should be at the top of the page
- 12 point font
- Times New Roman or Arial
- Use in-text citations
- List all references at bottom of the page (APA)
What is your understanding of the difference between an unconditionally secure cipher and a computationally secure cipher?
Explain the following concepts:
- What is your understanding of the difference between a stream cipher and a block cipher?
- What are two ways to launch a cryptanalytic attack against a cipher (based upon what the attacker knows or has in possession)? Be sure to provide detailed examples with supporting research.
- What is your understanding of the difference between an unconditionally secure cipher and a computationally secure cipher?
- Your organization has asked for a cryptographic algorithm recommendation for a new project that requires high-level security. What algorithm would you recommend and why?
Define workplace violence. Describe causes of workplace violence and how it affects victims and the organizations.
Lesson 13 – Discussion: Victimization at Work
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Topic
Define workplace violence. Describe causes of workplace violence and how it affects victims and the organizations.
Watch the video below and discuss with your fellow classmates:
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtmpuTZ3MKs
Submission Requirements
You are required to post an initial discussion post no later than 11:59 p.m. ET Wednesday of the discussion week. Students must respond to the discussion posts of at least two of their classmates, in a minimum of 100 words, no later than 11:59 p.m. ET Sunday of the discussion week.
Grading Criteria
- Review the grading rubric to see how it is assessed.
- APA Citation must be included
Is it possible to decrypt the message with a different key? Justify your answer.
There are two parts to this assignment. Part 1 involves the encryption/decryption scenario below and Part 2 requires research on the classification of ciphers, and popular algorithms.
Part 1
Use a two-stage transposition technique to encrypt the following message using the key “Decrypt”. Ignore the comma and the period in the message.
Message: “The Transposition cipher technique works by permuting the letters of the plaintext. It is not very secure, but it is great for learning about cryptography.”
In a 2–3 page summary, discuss the following:
- Is it possible to decrypt the message with a different key? Justify your answer.
- Do you agree with the statement of the message? Why or why not? Give at least two examples that support your view.
Part 2
Provide a 1–2-page researched responses to the following:
- Research and provide a detailed meaning for at least three techniques in which encryption algorithms can produce ciphertext. Pick at least 3 from the cipher list below:
- Monoialphabetic
- Steganographic
- Polyalphabetic
- Polygraphic
- Route transposition
- Columnar Transposition
- Synchronous Stream
- Asynchronous Stream
