What general factors may have contributed to an organization or business implementing this practice?
Discussion: Cultural Comparisons and the Triple Bottom
Line
In this module, you have learned about the ways organizations support their
people, whether it be within the workplace or the local community. In this
discussion, you will evaluate business practices that are not considerate of
employees and communities, brainstorm reasons why the practices may have
been established, and consider how they can be improved.
For your initial post, select one of the following practices to evaluate:
• Employee pay is low.
• Employee training is limited.
• Employee benefits are minimal; there is little paid time off or sick time
available.
• The workplace culture is described by employees as stressful,
competitive, or alienating.
• A business doesn’t give back to the local community in any way.
• A business outsources many of its suppliers even though many local
suppliers are available.
In your initial post, evaluate your selected practice by addressing the
following questions:
• What general factors may have contributed to an organization or
business implementing this practice?
• What are some potential negative repercussions of the practice on
employees, the local community, or the business or organization?
• What benefits might employees, the local community, or the business
or organization experience if a more people-friendly practice was
incorporated?
Describe how the student/s could utilize one of the intervention strategies at home.
Upon identifying an appropriate intervention tier and aligning intervention strategies for students, teachers are able to begin the implementation process. Implementing identified intervention strategies during instruction will not only help to meet the students’ needs, but also help teachers to identify where to monitor and adjust instruction as needed. Planning, implementing, evaluating, and planning again is an ongoing, cyclical process when working with all students.
Allocate at least 3 hours in the field to support this field experience.
With your mentor teacher, identify an ELA lesson or activity in which interventions from the Clinical Field Experience C intervention plan can be implemented to benefit the previously identified student/s.
Continuing to work with the mentor teacher:
Identify an upcoming grade level ELA lesson or activity to implement applicable interventions from the Clinical Field Experience C intervention plan.
Discuss strengths and potential improvement for the student/s.
Implement the identified intervention strategies with the student/s during the agreed upon ELA lesson or activity.
Use any remaining field experience hours to assist the teacher in providing instruction and support to the class.
After the ELA lesson or activity, summarize and reflect upon your experiences in 250-500 words:
Describe how the student/s performed on the ELA activities, and reflect upon your experience implementing the intervention strategies. Include possible changes you would make in the future when implementing these strategies.
Describe how the student/s could utilize one of the intervention strategies at home.
Explain how you will use your findings in your future professional practice.
APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a rubric. Review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Document the locations and hours you spend in the field on your Clinical Field Experience Verification Form.
Submit the Clinical Field Experience Verification Form to the learning management system in the last topic. Directions for submitting can be found on the College of Education site in the Student Success Center.
Describe why eBay needs a revitalization, rebranding, repositioning and/or even a product overhaul.
Describe why eBay needs a revitalization, rebranding, repositioning and/or even a product overhaul.
Must be 2 Paragraphs
How did the organizations you explored address sustainability concerns inherent to their industry, if at all?
Discussion: Risks and Benefits of Sustainable Operations
Although sustainable operations have many benefits for organizations,
consumers, and society, they also come with many business risks. In this
discussion, you will explore sustainability operations of major organizations
to reflect on what they are doing well, the benefits their sustainable
operations may bring, and the potential risks associated with their
sustainable operations. In evaluating the risks and benefits of prioritizing
sustainability, you will also learn the importance of justifying organizational
priorities, which will assist you in completing the first section of your course
project.
First, take some time to explore a few different organizations’ sustainable
operations statements on their websites. You may explore organizations you
are familiar with or use the following:
• Starbucks Stories
o Select Social Impact from the navigation bar, then select from the
story topics in the drop-down menu to explore the stories. Be
sure to explore the Sustainability topic.
• L’Oréal Group: Commitments and Responsibilities
• Dixie Cares: An Eye Toward the Future
• Peabody: Sustainability Approach
In your initial post, address the following questions:
• How did the organizations you explored address sustainability concerns
inherent to their industry, if at all?
o For example, a company that manufactures plastic has inherent
environmental risks regarding plastic waste and pollution.
• What other sustainable practices did the organizations you explored
identify as priorities, and what kinds of business risks may they be
taking on to prioritize those sustainable practices?
What are a few different ways that the supermarket chain could incorporate farm-to-table principles into its operations while still
meeting consumer demands?
Discussion: Farm-to-Table and the Triple Bottom Line
You are the chief operating officer (COO) of a local supermarket chain that
has 10 stores within an 100-mile radius. The farm-to-table movement has
been gaining momentum locally, and now it’s a consumer demand as well as
a good practice. This movement supports the use of local suppliers to limit
the environmental impact caused by the long-distance transportation of food.
It also supports small family farms that use sustainable practices, such as
avoiding genetically modified organisms and pesticides or using organic
fertilizers. The CEO of the supermarket chain has asked you to see if the
supermarket can apply some of the farm-to-table principles to how it selects
produce suppliers. Before moving too far in that direction, both you and the
CEO agree that the inventory-management implications need to be
understood.
Keep in mind that supermarket customers want a wide range of produce all
year long—even produce that does not grow locally during parts of the year.
For example, oranges cannot survive very cold weather, but local customers
expect to be able to buy them even during snowstorms in winter.
In your initial post, address the following:
• What are a few different ways that the supermarket chain could
incorporate farm-to-table principles into its operations while still
meeting consumer demands?
• What are the benefits and risks associated with incorporating farm-totable principles into the grocery chain’s supply chain?
• What data and communication with the local farms is necessary for the
supermarket to implement this endeavor?
• What factors or metrics will determine whether you, as the COO,
support applying farm-to-table principles to the supermarket, and
why?
Explain which of the treatments you personally would prefer to use and why.
Assessment Description
This assignment will help you, a future counselor, analyze various evidence-based addiction treatment interventions.
Write a 750-1,000-word paper that gives a general overview of commonly used substance use disorder treatment approaches. In addition, you are to select two common approaches and compare their similarities and differences.
Include the following in your assignment:
Briefly describe two common empirically researched substance use disorder treatments. Choose two from the following: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, or Solution-focused Brief Therapy.
Compare, in a side-by-side chart, the differences of each of the two treatments chosen.
Explain which of the treatments you personally would prefer to use and why.
Identify the professionals who may be involved in treatment, and then describe their role and how you would personally coordinate treatment with them.
Include a minimum of two peer reviewed scholarly sources, in addition to the textbook.
Consider using the following level-one APA headings in your paper to help organize the content:
Common Empirically Researched Substance Use Disorder Treatments
Differences in Treatments
Treatments Personally Preferred
Professionals Involved in Treatment
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Benchmark Information
This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency and professional standards:
MS Addiction Counseling; MS Christian Counseling of Substance Use and Addictive Disorders
4.1: Assess valid and reliable research to answer questions for an identified problem, concern, or professional counseling intervention.
This assignment meets the following NASAC Standards:
5) Describe the philosophies, practices, policies, and outcomes of the most generally accepted models of treatment, recovery, relapse prevention and continuing care for addiction and other substance-related problems.
8) Appreciate the value of an interdisciplinary approach to addiction treatment.
10) Describe a variety of helping strategies for reducing the negative effects of substance abuse and dependency.
13) Appreciate the need to adapt practice to the range of treatment settings and modalities.
54) Exchange relevant information with the agency/professional to whom the referral is being made, in a manner consistent with confidentiality regulations and generally accepted professional standards of care.
63) Understand terminology, procedures, and the roles of other disciplines related to the treatment of addiction.
64) Contribute as a member of a multi-disciplinary treatment team.
What is the relevant outcome space of the random variable Y ?
Econ 41 Review
- Discrete Random Variables. Suppose that we are interested in the number of cups of coffee drank by a
(randomly selected) student at UCLA. This quantity can be represented as a random variable Y with
probability mass function:
pY (a) =
1
4
if a ∈ {0, 1, 2}
1
8
if a = 3
3
32 if a = 4
c if a = 5
0 otherwise
,
where c is an unknown constant.
(a) Explain why the number of cups of coffee drank in a day by a randomly selected student at UCLA
is a random variable.
(b) What is the relevant outcome space of the random variable Y ?
(c) Explain what the distribution of this random variable represents. In other words distribution of
Y assigns a probability to any subset of the outcome space. How do we interpret this probability?
(d) Solve for c. (Hint: Recall that PY (OY ) = 1 so that P
a∈OY
pY (a) must equal one).
(e) What is the probability that a randomly selected student at UCLA drinks at least 3 cups of coffee
a day, PY (Y ≥ 3)?
(f) What is the expected number of cups of coffee drank per day for a randomly selected student at
UCLA? - Continuous Random Variables. Suppose that we are interested in the income of a randomly selected
Angeleno. The distribution of incomes (in tens of thousands of dollars) for residents of Los Angeles
can be described as a random variable, X, with the following pdf.
fX(a) =
0.11 − ca if 0 ≤ a ≤ 10
0 otherwise
,
where c is an unkown constant.
1
Page 2
(a) What is the outcome space of X, OX?
(b) Using the relationship
PX(l ≤ X ≤ m) = Z m
l
fX(a) da,
explain why the pdf must always be weakly positive, fX(a) ≥ 0, for any a ∈ R.
(c) Because PX(OX) = 1 we must have that R 10
0
fX(a) da = 1. Using this fact, solve for c.
(d) What is the expected value of X, E[X]?
(e) What is the variance of X, Var(X)? - Variance and Covariance. Let Y be a random variable representing income (in tens of thousands of
dollars) and X be a random variable representing years of education. Suppose that the marginal
distribution of X is described by its probability mass function
pX(x) =
0.05 if x ∈ {1, 2, . . . , 12}
0.09 if x ∈ {13, 14, 15, 16}
0.04 if x ∈ {17}
0 otherwise
.
The marginal distribution of Y is described by its probability density function
fY (y) =
0.1 if 0 ≤ y ≤ 10
0 otherwise
.
(a) What is the expectation of Y , E[Y ]? What is its variance, Var(Y )?
(b) What is the expectation of X, E[X]? What is its variance, Var(X)?
(c) Using E[Y X] = 60 compute the covariance between Y and X, Cov(X, Y ).
(d) Calculate the correlation coefficient between X and Y .
ρY X =
Cov(X, Y )
σXσY
.
(e) What does this covariance tell us about the relationship between education levels and income? Is
there a positive or negative association?
(f) Should we interpret this result as a causal relationship between education and income? What are
some reasons we may want to refrain from this interpretation?
(g) (Challenge) A common inequality used in econometrics is the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. It
states that, for any random variables X and Y , and any functions g(·) and h(·),
E[g(X)h(Y )]
≤
p
E[g
2(X)]p
E[h
2(Y )].
Use this inequality to show why the correlation coefficient is bounded between negative one and
Page 3
one, −1 ≤ ρXY ≤ 1. (Hint: Try g(x) = x − µX and h(y) = y − µY ).
Introduction to Single Linear Regression - Useful Equalities. Recall that in deriving the form of βˆ
1 we used the following equalities
1
n
Xn
i=1
(Yi − Y¯ )(Xi − X¯) = 1
n
Xn
i=1
YiXi − Y¯ X¯ and 1
n
Xn
i=1
(Xi − X¯)
2 =
1
n
Xn
i=1
X2
i − (X¯)
2
.
Show either one of these equalities (only have to show one or the other). - Assumptions for Inference. Suppose we are interested in the relationship between the size of the average
American’s social circle, X, and whether or not they are unemployed, Y . To investigate this relationship
we want to estimate the following regression equation1
Y = β0 + β1X + , E[] = E[X] = 0.
To estimate the regression coefficient parameters we collect a sample of size n, {Yi
, Xi}
n
i=1. Recall
that for valid asymptotic inference on our estimates βˆ
0 and βˆ
1 we require the following assumptions:
Random Sampling, Homoskedasticity, and Rank condition.
• Random Sampling: Assume that {Y,Xi} are independently and identically distributed from the
population of interest, (Yi
, Xi)
i.i.d ∼ (Y, X).
• Homoskedasticity: Assume that Var(|X = x) = σ
2
for all possible values of x.
• Rank Condition: There must be at least two distinct values of X that appear in the population.
(a) Suppose we collect our sample by only randomly surveying people on UCLA campus. Which
assumption would be violated?
(b) Suppose we collect our sample and find that everyone appears to have exactly one friend. Which
assumption would be violated? Why is this a problem when computing the line of best fit through
our sample?
(c) Suppose random sampling, homoskedasticity, and the rank condition are all satisfied, but n = 10.
Why might inferences based on the approximation
βˆ
1 − β1
σˆβ1
/
√
n
∼ N(0, 1)
not be valid? - Hypothesis Testing. Suppose now that we are interested in investigating the relationship between the
size of someone’s social circle, X, and their income (in tens of thousands of dollars), Y . We want to
estimate the following linear regression model
Y = β0 + β1X + , E[] = E[X] = 0.
1Recall that this regression specification corresponds to finding the line of best fit parameters β0, β1 = arg minb0,b1 E[(Y −
b0 − b1X)
2
] and defining = Y − β0 − β1X
Page 4
To do so we collect a random sample of size n = 64, {Yi
, Xi}
64
i=1 and find that 1
n
Pn
i=1(Xi −X¯)
2 = 100,
1
n
Pn
i=1(Yi − Y¯ )(Xi − X¯) = 225, Y¯ = 5.5, and X¯ = 1.5.
(a) Using this information find and interpret βˆ
1 and βˆ
0.
(b) After finding βˆ
1 and βˆ
1 describe how you would construct the estimated residuals ˆi
.
(c) We find that 1
n
Pn
i=1 ˆ
2
i = 36. Use this and the result that, for n large,
βˆ
1 − β1
σˆβ1
/
√
n
∼ N(0, 1),
to compute the (approximate) probability that, if the true value was given β1 = 0, we would see
a value of |βˆ
1| equal to or larger than the one that we observed.
(d) Use this result to test, at level α = 0.1, the hypotheses
H0 : β1 = 0 vs. H1 : β1 6= 0
(e) Conduct this test in another fashion by constructing the test statistic t
∗ and comparing to either
z0.95 = 1.64 or z0.9 = 1.24 (indicate which value you are comparing the test statistic to).
(f) Construct a 90% confidence interval for β1. How could we use this to conduct the hypothesis test
in part (d)?
(g) Suppose that we find we made an error in our calculation and actually 1
n
Pn
i=1(Xi − X¯)
2 = 1. If
all other values stayed the same, how would this change the result of the hypothesis test in part
(d)?
Test the hypothesis that the slope is positive against the alternative that it is negative at the 5% level of significance. What is the p-value?
Single Linear Regression Theory Review
- Recall that we define our parameters of interest β0 and β1 as the parameters governing the “line of
best fit” between Y and X:
β0, β1 = arg min
b0,b1
E[(Y − b0 − b1X)
2
]. (1)
Once we define these parameters we define the regression error term = Y − β0 − β1X which then
generates the linear model
Y = β0 + β1X + .
(a) Using the first order conditions for β0 and β1 (set the derivatives of the right hand side of (1)
with respect to b0 and b1 equal to zero at) show why E[] = E[X] = 0.
(b) Using the definition of β0 and β1 as line of best fit parameters, give an intuitive explanation for
why E[] = 0.
Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals
In the following questions, whenver running a hypothesis test, please state the null and alternative hypotheses,
show some work, and state the conclusion of the test. - In an estimated simple regression model based on n = 64, the estimated slope parameter, βˆ
1, is 0.310
and the standard error of βˆ
1 is 0.082.
(a) What is ˆσ
2
β1
? Recall σβ1
is the terms such that, approximately for large n,
√
n(βˆ
1 − β1) ∼ N(0, σβ1
).
(b) Test the hypothesis that the slope is zero against the alternative that it is not at the 1% level of
significance (α = 0.01).
(c) Test the hypothesis that the slope is negative against the alternative that it is positive at the 1%
level of significance (α = 0.01).
(d) Test the hypothesis that the slope is positive against the alternative that it is negative at the 5%
level of significance. What is the p-value?
1
Create a matrix detailing a variety of multimedia, technology, games, apps, and other technological tools for teaching reading and writing to struggling readers and writers.
Staying current on technology is an essential aspect of being an educator. Today’s students are digital natives, and they often respond better to media than to traditional methods of teaching. Having a strong technology repertoire is important.
Create a matrix detailing a variety of multimedia, technology, games, apps, and other technological tools for teaching reading and writing to struggling readers and writers. Include five tools/media/apps and address the following, in 100-200 words per tool:
App/technology tool description, app/technology location (online, offline through software, through a game console, etc.), and the cost.
Age level or academic level for which the technology is appropriate.
Advantages of using the technology.
Drawbacks to using the technology.
Rationalize why struggling students may benefit from the app/technology tool.
Additionally, write a 250-500 word overview of the contents of the matrix, describing how you will implement technology in your ELA classroom. Justify which of these technologies you think will be most beneficial and describe how you might convince an administrator to help you acquire the technology.
Support the matrix and summary with 3-5 resources.
While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center
Identify one example of an organization that created value for itself through outsourcing part of its supply chain.
Discussion: Benefits and Risks of Outsourcing the Global
Supply Chain
Globalization has created many opportunities for organizations. There are
many advantages and ways to create value through outsourcing portions of
one’s global supply chain. For each opportunity, there are also many ways for
the project to run into problems.
In your initial post, address the following:
• Identify one example of an organization that created value for itself
through outsourcing part of its supply chain. Provide a link to one
resource.
o Identify the benefit that occurred.
o How did this benefit help the organization create value? Who was
the value created for—the organization, or the customer?
