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Describe the role of biology and culture in the field of social psychology, after 1990. How do you think the field will change because of this more recent shift?

_1-3Discussion_BiologyandCulture.pdf

1-3 Discussion: Biology and
Culture

Describe the role of biology and culture in the field of social psychology,
after 1990. How do you think the field will change because of this more
recent shift?

Use research from the Shapiro Library to support your claims.

To complete this assignment, review the Discussion Rubric.

GraduateDiscussionRubric.html.zip

Graduate Discussion Rubric.html
Graduate Discussion Rubric
Overview
Your active participation in the discussions is essential to your overall success this term. Discussion questions will help you make meaningful connections between the course content and the larger concepts of the course. These discussions give you a chance to express your own thoughts, ask questions, and gain insight from your peers and instructor.
Directions
For each discussion, you must create one initial post and follow up with at least two response posts.
For your initial post, do the following:

Write a post of 1 to 2 paragraphs.
In Module One, complete your initial post by Thursday at 11:59 p.m. Eastern.
In Modules Two through Ten, complete your initial post by Thursday at 11:59 p.m. of your local time zone.
Consider content from other parts of the course where appropriate. Use proper citation methods for your discipline when referencing scholarly or popular sources.

For your response posts, do the following:

Reply to at least two classmates outside of your own initial post thread.
In Module One, complete your two response posts by Sunday at 11:59 p.m. Eastern.
In Modules Two through Ten, complete your two response posts by Sunday at 11:59 p.m. of your local time zone.
Demonstrate more depth and thought than saying things like I agree or You are wrong. Guidance is provided for you in the discussion prompt.

Discussion Rubric

Criteria
Exemplary
Proficient
Needs Improvement
Not Evident
Value

Comprehension
Develops an initial post with an organized, clear point of view or idea using rich and significant detail (100%)
Develops an initial post with a point of view or idea using appropriate detail (90%)
Develops an initial post with a point of view or idea but with some gaps in organization and detail (70%)
Does not develop an initial post with an organized point of view or idea (0%)
20

Timeliness
N/A
Submits initial post on time (100%)
Submits initial post one day late (70%)
Submits initial post two or more days late (0%)
10

Engagement
Provides relevant and meaningful response posts with clarifying explanation and detail (100%)
Provides relevant response posts with some explanation and detail (90%)
Provides somewhat relevant response posts with some explanation and detail (70%)
Provides response posts that are generic with little explanation or detail (0%)
20

Critical Thinking
Draws insightful conclusions that are thoroughly defended with evidence and examples (100%)
Draws informed conclusions that are justified with evidence (90%)
Draws logical conclusions (70%)
Does not draw logical conclusions (0%)
30

Describes the definition, history and current US evidence surround the use of the Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment in the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner role.

Develop a PowerPoint presentation that includes the following criteria:

Slide 1: Title Page.
Slide 2: SBIRT overview – Describe the history of SBIRT, the SBIRT process and how it is used in clinical practice settings using US research articles.
Slide 3: Case Presentation – Do not include patient identifying information but include demographics i.e. age, gender, race/ethnicity, chief complaint, social history, family psychiatric history, psychiatric history, and risk factors.
Slide 4: Screening Tool used – Describe the screening tool, validity (sensitivity and specificity), scoring information, and citation. Your patients score and the interpretation of the patients score are required.
Slide 5: Brief Intervention – How was the Motivational Interviewing process applied and shared your clients score and need for behavioral changes. Discuss the four stages of motivational interviewing and provide details of how the techniques were used. A transcript of your encounter with the patient conducting the OARS technique is expected. Discuss the roadblocks used or those avoided to obtain full points. Discuss the patient’s stage of change before the intervention was performed
Slide 6: Referral for Treatment – Describe the 3 referrals for follow-up treatment plan. Include the name, address, and telephone number of the local large organization (MUST BE IN MIAMI area) Be specific with the department where necessary.
Slide 7: Evaluation of the process – Share the patients outcome and your evaluation of the SBIRT process.
Slide 8: References 5 references. 7th Edition APA format. Include Screening Tool authors.Formatted and cited in current APA style 7 ed with support from at least 5 academic sources which need to be journal articles or books from 2019 up to now. NO WEBSITES allowed for reference entry. Include doi, page numbers, etc. Plagiarism must be less than 10%.

Submission Instructions:

The PowerPoint presentation should be formatted per current APA guidelines and 10 slides in length, including the title and references slides. For presentation clarification, students need to include the presenters notes.

SBIRT Rubric
SBIRT Overview :
Describes the definition, history and current US evidence surround the use of the Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment in the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner role. Specifically addressed the disease as it relates to the following populations: an adult.
Screening Tool :
The screening tool used was discussed in detail. The tool used was highly specific and sensitive, based on current US evidence, to the population, ethnicity, age, and gender of the client. The raw score and its interpretation were discussed in detail.
Brief Intervention :
Provides a summary of the four stages of the motivational interview: Engaging, Focusing, Evoking, and Planning with detailed descriptions for each area. Includes how the OARS technique was used during the session, roadblocks and the client’s stage of change.
Referral :
Provides a detailed list of three or more referrals to local (MIAMI AREA), large organizations for allied health, psychologist, medical, and other interdisciplinary support. Includes a timeline for follow-up appointments.
Conclusion :
The presentation is concluded by tying the content back to the opening with a dynamic 25 words or less close. Transitioned into so the audience was ready for it.

Go to www.ted.com/talks, Under Topics: Select Global issues to narrow your search. How might this video assist you in becoming a Kingdom Professional? How does this topic relate to either cultural intelligence or globalization?

TED Talks Assignment

IST 305 Current Global Trends
1. Go to
www.ted.com/talks

2. Under Topics: Select Global issues to narrow your search. How might this video assist you in becoming a Kingdom Professional?

How does this topic relate to either cultural intelligence or globalization?

3. Under Topics: Select See all topics to refine your search.
4. Peruse through all the subtopics. Make a second selection based on your area of interest.
5. Select three different TED Talks that are related to this course.
6. Watch all three videos (
each must be a minimum of 12 minutes) and take notes on this form.

7. Save this Word document as a Word document or pdf file titled TED Talks
Your Name.

8. Submit your completed assignment as an uploaded file on
Canvas.

TED Talk #1:

Title:
Speaker (name & brief bio):
Date Posted: Time Length of Video:
Direct Web Link:
Topics Searched: global issues,
What compelled you to make this video choice?
What were the top three new insights you gained?
1.
2.
3.
How does this topic connect to current world news?
How does this video relate to your major of study?
How might this video assist you in becoming a Kingdom Professional?
How does this topic relate to either cultural intelligence or globalization?

TED Talk #2:

TED Talk #3:

How might this video assist you in becoming a Kingdom Professional?

How does this topic relate to either cultural intelligence or globalization?

Give your opinion on how either a physical attack, a cyber event, or a natural disaster could impact critical infrastructure.

Discussion Questions: 1) In your own words, construct an overview of the critical information sector you choose for this discussion.
2) Examine at least three of the following:

Unique aspects as they relate to national security
Risks/threats/hazards/vulnerabilities related to national security
Potential countermeasures/mitigations related to continuity of operations
Minimizing disruption and improving first responder safety
Cross-sector dependencies/interdependencies

3) Give your opinion on how either a physical attack, a cyber event, or a natural disaster could impact critical infrastructure.

1. Modern society relies on the free flow of people and goods, which is made possible by the transportation industry. It has been instrumental in promoting international trade and commerce for centuries. Globally, people, businesses, and governments all rely on reliable and accessible modes of transportation to go where they need to go. The public uses it for work and play, and businesses depend on it to provide goods and services to clients and partners worldwide. Government spending on transportation infrastructure like roads, bridges, and airports helps the economy since it facilitates commerce on a national and international scale, employs people, and boosts productivity (Raza et al., 2019). Trade, business, and travel, as well as economic growth and development, would not be possible in today’s society without the transportation sector.
It is impossible to overestimate the significance of the transportation industry to the safety and well-being of the American people. However, various risks, threats, hazards, and vulnerabilities could negatively impact national security. Disruptions in the transportation sector could be caused by perils such as cyberattacks, terrorist attacks, infrastructure failures, and natural catastrophes. Several efforts can be taken to lessen the impact of these dangers. The transportation sector can continue functioning normally during and after an interruption thanks to a continuity of operations plan. In a disaster, the transportation sector can continue to work because of this plan’s backup systems, redundancies, and alternative routes (Lawther & Martin, 2015). Improved collaboration between agencies and departments to share information and coordinate reactions to potential threats and heightened surveillance and screening of passengers and cargo are two more techniques for bolstering security. By taking these precautions, the transportation industry will be better able to safeguard national security and continue operating normally in the face of disruptions.
Maintaining the free flow of products and services, avoiding potential economic damage, and maintaining public trust in the safety and security of our transportation infrastructure all depend on preventing physical attacks on the transportation industry. Therefore, we must take all required actions to protect our transportation networks and forestall any lasting effects on the sector. I believe the United States transportation sector has not encountered any significant attacks. However, there have been notable mishaps related to transportation infrastructure, including the 2017 Amtrak derailment in Washington state and the 2018 bridge collapse in Miami (TNS, 2018). Despite these occurrences, the transportation sector remains vital to our nation’s infrastructure and security. Ongoing efforts are being made to uphold its safety and durability.

2.The United States telecommunications are all related to the communication sector. This sector offers wireless, internet, and landlines for all users, individuals, and businesses. The more the technology develops, the more the sector is subject to security breaches. This sector is crucial for communication across the United States for other key infrastructure sectors like electricity, transportation, emergency services, etc.
Potential countermeasures/mitigations related to continuity of operations:
Risk assessment results and the execution of this plan are the number one priority for owners and operators in the communications sector. Risk management activities are used to prevent attacks and disasters or minimize vulnerability, whether it be natural catastrophes or terrorist attacks. Owners and operators decide, based on their viability, which risk mitigation strategies to put in place and prioritize. The communication sector executes risk reduction initiatives with various mitigations based on the hazards identified. For instance, cybersecurity risks and physical risks must be mitigated differently. Installing GPS antennas in earthquake-prone areas will require different techniques than addressing cybersecurity vulnerability (Communications Sector Specific-Plan an Annex to the NIPP 2013, 2015).
Give your opinion on how a physical attack, a cyber event, or a natural disaster could impact
the critical infrastructure.
The communication industry would be greatly impact in case of natural disaster for several reason. The menace never ends and its consequence are constantly ambiguous. The communication will be impacted in the area where natural disaster occurred. The ability to communicate would be affect.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for depression: Define Symptoms of Depression

Sample Outline
While your paper does not need to be an exact format match for this outline, your outline should

incorporate an Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. How much detail you put in is up to you. I

recommend that you fill in as much information as you can (related to your topic, of course)

using the resources you identified in the Unit 3 assignment. (please review your feedback and

make changes if needed, as this will impact your grade). The more thorough you fill out your

outlines, the easier the final course paper will be.

Remember:

Do not copy and paste

Do not direct quote (use your own words)

Cite your courses within the text (i.e., Feldman, 2021) this will link your information to

your references. If you do not cite, then you cannot get credit for your sources (there is no

way to link a source you list to specific information in your paper unless you complete

this step)

Remember to list your references.

Your sources need to be:

Peer reviewed.

From within the last 5 years

The full source, not just an abstract or snippet of a Google book

An active working link/permalink

Sample Outline

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for depression:

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Topic Sentence

B. Further introduction of your topic

a. Define Symptoms of Depression (e.g., according to the DSM-5)

b. Incidence of depression (numbers/demographics)

c. Relevance of the topic and its broader implications

II. BODY

A. Theme 1: CBT is Effective for those with Mild Depression

a. Topic Sentence: Numerous studies have shown CBT to be an effective treatment

for mild Depression.

b. Evidence from articles supporting the effectiveness of CBT for mild Depression.

c. Specific benefits of CBT for individuals with mild Depression.

B. Theme 1 continued: Additional Evidence that CBT is Effective for those with Mild

Depression

a. Topic Sentence

b. Further evidence and examples supporting the effectiveness of CBT for mild

Depression.

C. Theme 2: CBT and Major (severe) Depression

a. Topic Sentence: Although CBT is effective for those with mild depression, more

severe cases may require both medication and CBT.

b. Evidence supporting the combination of medication and CBT for major

Depression.

D. Theme 3: Conflicting Evidence

a. Topic Sentence: In contrast, some studies have failed to support the idea that

CBT is an effective treatment for Depression.

b. Evidence presenting conflicting findings regarding the effectiveness of CBT for

Depression.

E. Theme 4: CBT and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

a. Topic Sentence: CBT’s effectiveness in treating other mental health conditions,

such as PTSD.

b. Evidence demonstrating the efficacy of CBT for PTSD.

IV. CONCLUSION

a. Topic sentence

b. Summary of the main conclusions from the paper regarding the effectiveness of CBT

for depression

c. Importance and implications for human health and psychology d. Suggestions for future

research in the field of CBT and depression

***Remember *** to incorporate appropriate citations and references throughout your paper to

support your claims and strengthen the validity of your arguments.

The above outline provides a structured framework for a course paper on the topic of whether

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression. The outline follows a

standard format, including an introduction, body, and conclusion.

In the introduction, the writer introduces the topic of depression and its significance,

providing information on the symptoms of depression, its incidence, and the broader

implications for individuals and society. This sets the stage for the discussion on the

effectiveness of CBT as a treatment for depression.

The body of the paper is divided into several themes or sub-topics. Theme 1 focuses on the

effectiveness of CBT for individuals with mild depression. The writer presents evidence

from various studies to support the claim that CBT is effective in treating mild depression.

This theme is further expanded with additional evidence and examples.

Theme 2 addresses the use of CBT for major depression. The writer acknowledges that

while CBT is effective for mild depression, individuals with more severe depression may

require a combination of medication and CBT. Evidence is provided to support this claim.

Theme 3 introduces conflicting evidence, acknowledging that some studies have failed to

support the idea that CBT is effective for depression. The writer presents this opposing

viewpoint, acknowledging that there are differing opinions and findings in the literature.

Theme 4 explores the use of CBT in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This

expands the discussion beyond depression and demonstrates the efficacy of CBT in treating

other mental health conditions.

The conclusion summarizes the main conclusions drawn from the paper and emphasizes

the importance and implications of the research findings for human health and psychology.

It also suggests directions for future research in the field of CBT and depression.

Overall, the outline provides a clear and organized structure for the course paper, allowing the

writer to present arguments, evidence, and conclusions in a logical and cohesive manner.

Pick two (2) ways School Counselors are important advocates

smates posts, applying the RISE Model for Meaningful Feedback
I will also show an example below of how the response needs to be addressed.
Here’s an example of how the response should look. Please don’t copy it.
The response to the classmate need to be just like this.
Example Response (Response Needs to be writen just like the response below No copying)
RISE Feedback:
REFLECT: I concur with “Action plans should reflect the type of services that are needed and have an idea of the expected outcome of the services” because it is in line with Hatch and Hartline’s intentional school counseling guidelines in regards to determining students needs.
INQUIRE: Can you further explain what “closing-the-gap action plans” are?
SUGGEST: I encourage you to revisit Hatch and Hartline’s MTMDSS tier interventions in order to add a citation that would illustrate your example on bullying prevention efforts.
ELEVATE: What if you re-purposed “For example, after a needs assessment, the school is having problems with bullying” as “Following Trish Hatch’s MTMDSS tier based interventions, if the school is having problems with bullying, after a needs assessment, we could… citation…” for a more weighted argument?
ReferencesHatch, T., & Hartline, J. (2022). The use of data in school counseling: Hatching results (and so much more) for students, programs and the profession (2nd Ed.). Corwin.
****PLEASE RESPOND IN DEPTH***************************************************
Below are the two classmate discussion post that you will need to respond to
************************************************
Classmate Response 1- Alejandra

What program funding is available? Financial Aid?

While reading the provided resource for this week, I learned about the following financial aid options for students with disabilities: “Federal Pell Grants, Supplemental Education Opportunity Grants and the Federal Work-Study program” (Patton, 2019). There are also additional funds for students participating in Transition Postsecondary Education Programs for Students with Intellectual Disabilities (TPSID) that allow these students to be provided with additional resources that can help them be successful.

Pick two (2) ways School Counselors are important advocates and how you see yourself in the role using a similar approach.

As stated in the provided resource, school counselors can connect students with resources that will allow them to receive accommodations in college. School counselors can also encourage students to research their post-secondary options such as financial aid available specifically for students with disabilities.
When I am a school counselor, I would love to create a college planning Google website for students on my caseload. This website can be a one-stop shop for students who need to connect with resources for post-secondary planning. I would have a section specifically for students with disabilities to learn more information about funding that is available for them, and so that they can know that they can still receive accommodations in college. I remember at my mom’s former district, a school counselor incorrectly told her class of IEP students that they will not be able to receive accommodations in college. This simply is not the truth! Due to my own disability, I was able to receive several accommodations in college that helped me be successful when I was completing my BA. However, I had no idea that I could receive accommodations until I was in my sophomore year of college. I wish that my high school counselor had helped me advocate for myself so that I could have received these accommodations even earlier. Luckily, my college counselor was able to connect me with the right resources. I hope to be this connection for my students.
References
Patton, D. (2019, January). Postsecondary options for students with disabilities. Postsecondary Options for Students with Disabilities – American School Counselor Association (ASCA). https://www.schoolcounselor.org/Newsletters/February-2019/Postsecondary-Options-for-Students-with-Disabiliti?st=ND#:~:text=Types%20of%20Programs&text=TPSID%20programs%20are%20designed%20to,program%20or%20non%2Ddegree%20program
**************************************************************************************************
Classmate Response 2- Cynthia

Pick two (2) ways School Counselors are important advocates

The North Dakota School Counselor article was very informative. Although this information counselors ought to know. This is a clear set of resources one can always have handy when counseling students with Disabilities that may think they are not suitable to pursue higher education due to their disabilities.
Since 2008, The Transition Postsecondary Education Programs for Students with Intellectual Disabilities (TPSID) has supported 48 colleges and universities that serve 1,500 students with disabilities. The program helps students that want to continue their education, have independent living instructions, that prepares them for employment. Programs can be degree-granted or certificate, or even not certificate programs . The do require4d the student with disabilities to be enrolled in regular classes (with non-disabled students) for half of the program The think program (a national coordinating center for TPSID programs, provides support, coordination, and evaluation services for 270 colleges programs for students with disabilities. It is accessible for students and parents to learn about the programs available for students with autism, intellectual disabilities, and other disabilities (Postsecondary Options for Students with Disabilities – American School Counselor Association (ASCA) 2019). .
The types of financial aid offered to students with disabilities that opt to participate in TPSID programs are Federal Pel Grants, Supplemental Education Opportunity Grants and the Federal Work-Study program. Tuition waver though vocational rehabilitation agencies and community colleges. Students in TPSID programs can be eligible for individual training account funds set aside by the One-/stop Career Centers, Plans for Achieving Self Sufficient from Social Security and Medicaid (Postsecondary Options for Students with Disabilities – American School Counselor Association (ASCA) 2019). .
Students with other disabilities such as students with IEP are eligible to receive same accommodation as they received in high school. All colleges that receive federal funding must have department of disability services that have access to instructional technology, tutoring, and social support, and testing accommodations (Postsecondary Options for Students with Disabilities – American School Counselor Association (ASCA) 2019). .

Pick two (2) ways School Counselors are important advocates and how you see yourself in the role using a similar approach.

Based on this article, in spite of the availability of resources these programs are not exploited enough for lack of information about the existence of these programs.
Based on the above, I believe that the best way to advocate is to invite universities with TPSID programs and a representative from the disability services department from colleges to talk about options and supports they provide. And, do a districtwide transition for specially for student with disabilities. But, most importantly I believe is to educate students and parents about their rights and protections.
Reference:
Postsecondary Options for Students with Disabilities – American School Counselor Association (ASCA). (n.d.). https://www.schoolcounselor.org/Newsletters/February-2019/Postsecondary-Options-for-Students-with-Disabiliti?st=ND#:~:text=Types%20of%20Programs&text=TPSID%20programs%20are%20designed%20to,program%20or%20non%2Ddegree%20programLinks to an external site.

Review the seven processes of project integration management and identify which processes are needed to begin planning the project from an agile perspective. Briefly explain your reasoning for including and excluding processes

ADDITIONAL RUNNING CASE: THIRD AVENUE SOFTWARE HEALTHCARE

This case is new for the ninth edition of
Information Technology Project Management. The case provides an opportunity to apply agile and Scrum principles to project management.

Each part of the case contains several task assignments to help you explore the use of agile and Scrum principles. If you have difficulty understanding a task assignment, please ask your instructor for assistance. Your instructor might be willing to look at the task solution and provide a hint to help you proceed.

Part 1: Project Integration Management

Third Avenue Software is a relatively young company that develops mobile applications for phones. The company is still trying to find its corporate identity and permanent footing; it has released several moderately successful products but is still looking for a best-seller. Likewise, the company is still trying to determine which internal systems work best for its employees. Project management is among these systems. The company has used a few agile principles in previous projects with some success; its new project will use agile and Scrum whenever possible.
Many of Third Avenues products thus far have been designed to serve niche markets, so the companys cofounders instructed their marketing staff and programmers to identify markets that have more universal customer appeal. A couple of programmers quickly turned their focus to the field of health care, which affects everyone directly or indirectly. The programmers drafted an idea for an app that could serve as a one-stop shop for customers healthcare information and needs. The apps name is to be determined, but it will contain the following features and information. Because Third Avenue knows from experience with agile projects that software complexity ratings can be useful for later time and cost estimates, management asked the programmers to include initial complexity estimates for each major feature set. These numbers are shown in parentheses and use a scale of 1 to 8:
· A fitness tracker that allows customers to record and track their blood pressure readings, cholesterol levels, exercise regimen, calorie intake, and other related information (3).
· A medication tracker in which customers can enter their medications and schedules for taking those meds. This electronic pillbox will contain a calendar that displays the customers medication schedule and an alarm that sounds whenever its time to take one of the medications (3).
· A physicians list that is essentially an electronic address book for the customers healthcare company, doctors, nurses, and physicians assistants. The list will include controls that allow customers to quickly incorporate existing entries from other contact lists in their phones (2).
· An emergencies list for storing vital phone numbers and addresses. This list will provide quick access to local in-network hospitals, urgent care clinics, and children or friends who can be relied upon to provide transportation in an emergency. As soon as the customer enters and saves an address, an interactive GPS map becomes available in a new window, with voice and text directions (6).
· An emergency information list in which customers store important information about themselves, such as medical conditions (e.g., the customer is diabetic), allergies, adverse reactions to drugs, and other personal information that a physician, nurse, or other concerned party might find useful in an emergency (2).
· A resources feature that lists links to other popular online health sites, such as WebMD. The customer will have the option to add links to the list (1).
· A payment feature that tracks the customers medical expenses and allows customers to make medical payments through their phones (4).
The budget for the project is $350,000, and Third Avenue management would like to see a finished application available in four months.
Scrum will be the preferred approach to managing the projects development because Third Avenue wants a working version of the application quickly but does not yet know the full scope of the project. This working version will be released for review and testing well before the planned official release in four months. Remember that agile projects involve numerous iterations and software versions before the final release. These versions should be responsive to the concerns expressed by all stakeholders.
For example, programmers assigned to the apps development might be needed to provide support for other company projects, and more functionality might be added to the app after various stakeholders have had an opportunity to evaluate the first working version.

Usability

Usability will be extremely important, as customers will tend to be older than those who download and buy the majority of mobile apps. For example, the app will require a
prominent control for increasing the text display size. Such controls are available in a phones Settings feature, but many older users tend not to explore such hidden settings.

The features mentioned above need to be immediately available and easily accessible when the app is launched.
Another usability issue is crucial: How does the app balance customer privacy against the need to share some of the customers information in an emergency? For example, the emergency information list might be of no use in a medical emergency if the customers phone access is blocked by a password that only she knows.
Taken as a whole, programmers give usability issues a complexity rating of 4 on a scale of 1 to 8.

Monetizing the App

Another unknown is the question of how to monetize the app most effectivelyfor example, the app will use ads, but how? Pop-up ads are an annoyance to many people; will they be tolerated by users or will they be immediately rejected? Will the app offer premium services, and if so, what are they? Will a subscription paywall be viable after an initial period of free use?
·
Open a new Microsoft® Word document and complete the
Tasks below.

·
Save the file on your computer with your last name in the file name. (Example: part 1 tasks _Jones.doc)

·
Click the
Choose File button to select and upload your saved document.

Tasks

1. Review the seven processes of project integration management and identify which processes are needed to begin planning the project from an agile perspective. Briefly explain your reasoning for including and excluding processes. The processes are listed below and explained in more detail in the Module 4 Reading.

Seven processes of project integration management

1. Develop the project charter

2. Develop the project management plan

3. Direct and manage project work

4. Manage project knowledge

5. Monitor and control project work

6. Perform integrated change control

7. Close the project or phase

2. Begin developing a project charter for the healthcare app project. Assume that the project will take four months to finish and have a budget of $350,000. Use the project charter template provided in this text and the sample project charter in Table 4-1 if you need assistance. Project personnel have not been determined yet, so do not be concerned for now with this area of the charter.

3. Third Avenue first needs to identify a good project manager. Remembering your study of agile concepts in the text, by what title is the project manager known when using a Scrum approach? What skills and qualities must this person possess in order to lead the project effectively? How do these skills and qualities differ in a Scrum approach versus that of a more traditional project management style?
4. Next, the person identified in Task 3 must form a team and establish a project framework within which the team will create a successful app. Describe at a high level how the team and framework will function, using as many relevant terms and concepts from Scrum as possible.
5. After identifying a manager, team members, and project framework, Third Avenue needs to research the market to determine what competing apps might exist and how they operate. Your task here is to locate a similar mobile app or online program and then get a feel for its content and users. Use a targeted Web search to find the app or program and then spend a half-hour or so reading about it to get an idea of what the Third Avenue application should be able to do. Describe your findings in a bulleted list. Is something important missing from the preceding list of features for the healthcare app?
6. Once the team has studied the app or program in Task 5, an initial meeting is necessary to discuss the features and content needed for the softwares first software iteration and to assign tasks to team members. The team also needs to establish schedules for project milestones and subsequent meetings. List your ideas for conducting the initial meeting and for creating an initial high-level schedule, using as many relevant terms and concepts from Scrum as possible.
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What was it that allowed Carson to capture the public imagination and to forge Americas environmental consciousness?

By Eliza Griswold
Sept. 21, 2012

On June 4, 1963, less than a year after the controversial environmental classic Silent Spring was published, its author, Rachel
Carson, testified before a Senate subcommittee on pesticides. She was 56 and dying of breast cancer. She told almost no one. Shed
already survived a radical mastectomy. Her pelvis was so riddled with fractures that it was nearly impossible for her to walk to her
seat at the wooden table before the Congressional panel. To hide her baldness, she wore a dark brown wig.

Every once in a while in the history of mankind, a book has appeared which has substantially altered the course of history, Senator
Ernest Gruen ing, a Democrat from Alaska, told Carson at the time.

Silent Spring was published 50 years ago this month. Though she did not set out to do so, Carson influenced the environmental
movement as no one had since the 19th centurys most celebrated hermit, Henry David Thoreau, wrote about Walden Pond. Silent
Spring presents a view of nature compromised by synthetic pesticides, especially DDT. Once these pesticides entered the
biosphere, Carson argued, they not only killed bugs but also made their way up the food chain to threaten bird and fish populations
and could eventually sicken children. Much of the data and case studies that Carson drew from werent new; the scientific
community had known of these findings for some time, but Carson was the first to put them all together for the general public and to
draw stark and far-reaching conclusions. In doing so, Carson, the citizen-scientist, spawned a revolution.

Silent Spring, which has sold more than two million copies, made a powerful case for the idea that if humankind poisoned nature,
nature would in turn poison humankind. Our heedless and destructive acts enter into the vast cycles of the earth and in time return
to bring hazard to ourselves, she told the subcommittee. We still see the effects of unfettered human intervention through Carsons
eyes: she popularized modern ecology.

If anything, environmental issues have grown larger and more urgent since Carsons day. Yet no single work has had the
impact of Silent Spring. It is not that we lack eloquent and impassioned environmental advocates with the capacity to reach a
broad audience on issues like climate change. Bill McKibben was the first to make a compelling case, in 1989, for the crisis of global

How Silent Spring Ignited the Environmental Movement

https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/23/magazine/how-silent-spring-ignited-the-environmental-
movement.html

warming in The End of Nature. Elizabeth Kolbert followed with Field Notes From a Catastrophe. Al Gore sounded the alarm
with An Inconvenient Truth, and was awarded the Nobel Prize. They are widely considered responsible for shaping our view of
global warming, but none was able to galvanize a nation into demanding concrete change in quite the way that Carson did.

What was it that allowed Carson to capture the public imagination and to forge Americas environmental consciousness?

Saint Rachel, the nun of nature, as she is called, is frequently invoked in the name of one environmental cause or another, but few
know much about her life and work. People think she came out of nowhere to deliver this Jeremiad of Silent Spring, but she had
three massive best sellers about the sea before that, McKibben says. She was Jacques Cousteau before there was Jacques
Cousteau.

The sea held an immense appeal to a woman who grew up landlocked and poor as Carson did. She was born in 1907 in the boom of
the Industrial Age about 18 miles up the Allegheny River from Pittsburgh, in the town of Springdale. From her bedroom window, she
could see smoke billow from the stacks of the American Glue Factory, which slaughtered horses. The factory, the junkyard of its
time, was located less than a mile away, down the gently sloping riverbank from the Carsons four-room log cabin. Passers-by could
watch old horses file up a covered wooden ramp to their death. The smell of tankage, fertilizer made from horse parts, was so rank
that, along with the mosquitoes that bred in the swampland near the riverbank called the Bottoms, it prevented Springdales 1,200
residents from sitting on their porches in the evening.

Her father, Robert Carson, was a neer-do-well whose ventures inevitably failed; Carsons elder sister, Marian, did shift work in the
towns coal-fired power plant. Carsons mother, Maria, the ambitious and embittered daughter of a Presbyterian minister, had great
hopes that her youngest daughter, Rachel, could be educated and would escape Springdale. Rachel won a scholarship to
Pennsylvania College for Women, now known as Chatham University, in Pittsburgh. After graduation, she moved to Baltimore,
where she attended graduate school for zoology at Johns Hopkins University and completed a masters degree before dropping out
to help support her family. The Carsons fared even worse during the Depression, and they fled Springdale, leaving heavy debts
behind.

Carson became a science editor for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency founded under the New Deal. Eager to be a writer,
she freelanced for The Atlantic and Readers Digest, among other publications. Driven by her love of the sea, she wrote on
everything from where to go for summer vacation to what to do with the catch of the day to the life cycles of sea creatures. Carson
believed that people would protect only what they loved, so she worked to establish a sense of wonder about nature. In her best-
selling sea books The Sea Around Us, The Edge of the Sea and Under the Sea-Wind she used simple and sometimes
sentimental narratives about the oceans to articulate sophisticated ideas about the inner workings of largely unseen things.

Carson was initially ambivalent about taking on what she referred to as the poison book. She didnt see herself as an investigative
reporter. By this time, shed received the National Book Award for The Sea Around Us and established herself as the naturalist of
her day. This was a much folksier and less controversial role than the one the poison book would put her in. Taking on some of the
largest and most powerful industrial forces in the world would have been a daunting proposition for anyone, let alone a single
woman of her generation. She tried to enlist other writers to tackle the dangers of pesticides. E.B. White, who was at The New
Yorker, which serialized Carsons major books, gently suggested that she investigate pesticides for The New Yorker herself. So she
did.

Illustration by Valero Doval

Silent Spring begins with a myth, A Fable for Tomorrow, in which Carson describes a town in the heart of America where all life
seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. Cognizant of connecting her ideal world to one that readers knew, Carson
presents not a pristine wilderness but a town where people, roads and gutters coexist with nature until a mysterious blight befalls
this perfect place. No witchcraft, Carson writes, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The
people had done it themselves.

Carson knew that her target audience of popular readers included scores of housewives. She relied upon this ready army of
concerned citizens both as sources who discovered robins and squirrels poisoned by pesticides outside their back doors and as
readers to whom she had to appeal. Consider this indelible image of a squirrel: The head and neck were outstretched, and the
mouth often contained dirt, suggesting that the dying animal had been biting at the ground. Carson then asks her readers, By
acquiescing in an act that causes such suffering to a living creature, who among us is not diminished as a human being?

Her willingness to pose the moral question led Silent Spring to be compared with Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin,
written nearly a century earlier. Both books reflected the mainstream Protestant thinking of their time, which demanded personal
action to right the wrongs of society. Yet Carson, who was baptized in the Presbyterian Church, was not religious. One tenet of
Christianity in particular struck her as false: the idea that nature existed to serve man. She wanted us to understand that we were
just a blip, says Linda Lear, author of Carsons definitive biography, Witness for Nature. The control of nature was an arrogant
idea, and Carson was against human arrogance.

Silent Spring was more than a study of the effects of synthetic pesticides; it was an indictment of the late 1950s. Humans, Carson
argued, should not seek to dominate nature through chemistry, in the name of progress. In Carsons view, technological innovation
could easily and irrevocably disrupt the natural system. She was the very first person to knock some of the shine off modernity,
McKibben says. She was the first to tap into an idea that other people were starting to feel.

Carsons was one of several moral calls to arms published at the start of the 60s. Jane Jacobss Death and Life of American Cities,
Michael Harringtons Other America, Ralph Naders Unsafe at Any Speed and Betty Friedans Feminine Mystique all captured
a growing disillusionment with the status quo and exposed a system they believed disenfranchised people. But Silent Spring, more
than the others, is stitched through with personal rage. In 1960, according to Carsons assistant, after she found out that her breast
cancer had metastasized, her tone sharpened toward the apocalyptic. She was more hostile about what arrogant technology and
blind science could do, notes Lear, her biographer.

Rachel Carson, 1951. Brooks Studio, from the Rachel Carson Council.

No one, says Carl Safina, an oceanographer and MacArthur fellow who has published several books on marine life, had ever
thought that humans could create something that could create harm all over the globe and come back and get in our bodies. Safina
took me out in his sea kayak around Lazy Point, an eastern spoke of Long Island, to see three kinds of terns, which zipped around us
over the bay. We then crossed the point in his red Prius to visit thriving osprey, one species of bird that was beginning to die out
when Silent Spring made public that DDT weakened their eggshells. As we peered through binoculars at a 40-foot-high nest
woven from sticks, old mops and fishnets, a glossy black osprey returned to his mate and her chicks with a thrashing fish in his
talons. Safina told me that he began to read Silent Spring when he was 14 years old, in the back seat of his parents sedan.

I almost threw up, he said. I got physically ill when I learned that ospreys and peregrine falcons werent raising chicks because of
what people were spraying on bugs at their farms and lawns. This was the first time I learned that humans could impact the
environment with chemicals. That a corporation would create a product that didnt operate as advertised this was shocking in a
way we werent inured to, Safina said.

Though Carson talked about other pesticides, it was DDT sprayed aerially over large areas of the United States to control
mosquitoes and fire ants that stood in for this excess. DDT was first synthesized in 1874 and discovered to kill insects in 1939 by
Paul Hermann Müller, who won the Nobel Prize in 1948 for this work. During World War II, DDT applied to the skin in powder form
proved an effective means to control lice in soldiers. But it wasnt just DDTs effectiveness that led to its promotion, Carson
maintained; it was a surfeit of product and labor. In her speeches, Carson claimed that after the war, out-of-work pilots and a glut of
the product led the United States government and industry to seek new markets for DDT among American consumers.

By the time Carson began to be interested in pesticides, in the mid-1940s, concerns related to DDT were mounting among wildlife
biologists at the Patuxent Research Refuge in Laurel, Md., which was administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and
elsewhere. Controversy over pesticides harmful effects on birds and plants led to high-profile lawsuits on the part of affected
residents who wanted to stop the aerial spraying.

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Carson used the eras hysteria about radiation to snap her readers to attention, drawing a parallel between nuclear fallout and a
new, invisible chemical threat of pesticides throughout Silent Spring. We are rightly appalled by the genetic effects of radiation,
she wrote. How then, can we be indifferent to the same effect in chemicals that we disseminate widely in our environment?

Carson and her publisher, Houghton Mifflin, knew that such comparisons would be explosive. They tried to control the response to
the book by seeking support before publication. They sent galleys to the National Audubon Society for public endorsement.

The galleys landed on the desk of Audubons biologist, Roland Clement, for review. Clement, who will turn 100 in November,
currently lives in a studio on the 17th floor of a retirement community in New Haven, about a mile from Yale Universitys Beinecke
Rare Book and Manuscript Library, where Carsons papers are kept. I knew of everything she wrote about, he told me over lunch
at his home this summer. She had it right.

The book, which was published on Sept. 27, 1962, flew off the shelves, owing largely to its three-part serialization in The New Yorker
that summer. Silent Spring was also selected for the Book-of-the-Month Club, which delighted Carson. But nothing established
Carson more effectively than her appearance on CBS Reports, an hourlong television news program hosted by a former war
correspondent, Eric Sevareid. On camera, Carsons careful way of speaking dispelled any notions that she was a shrew or some kind
of zealot. Carson was so sick during filming at home in suburban Maryland that in the course of the interview, she propped her head
on her hands. According to Lear as well as William Souder, author of a new biography of Carson, On a Farther Shore, Sevareid
later said that he was afraid Carson wouldnt survive to see the show broadcast.

The industrys response to Silent Spring proved more aggressive than anyone anticipated. As Lear notes, Velsicol, a manufacturer
of DDT, threatened to sue both Houghton Mifflin and The New Yorker. And it also tried to stop Audubon from excerpting the book in
its magazine. Audubon went ahead and even included an editorial about the chemical industrys reaction to the book. But after
Silent Spring came out, the society declined to give it an official endorsement.

The personal attacks against Carson were stunning. She was accused of being a communist sympathizer and dismissed as a
spinster with an affinity for cats. In one threatening letter to Houghton Mifflin, Velsicols general counsel insinuated that there were
sinister influences in Carsons work: she was some kind of agricultural propagandist in the employ of the Soviet Union, he implied,
and her intention was to reduce Western countries ability to produce food, to achieve east-curtain parity.

But Carson also had powerful advocates, among them President John F. Kennedy, who established a presidential committee to
investigate pesticides. Then, in June 1963, Carson made her appearance before the Senate subcommittee. In her testimony, Carson
didnt just highlight the problems that she identified in Silent Spring; she presented the policy recommendations shed been
working on for the past five years. When faced with a chance to do so, Carson didnt call for a ban on pesticides. I think chemicals
do have a place, she testified.

She argued vehemently against aerial spraying, which allowed the government to dump pesticides on peoples property without
their permission. She cited dairy farmers in upstate New York, whose milk was banned from the market after their land was
sprayed to eradicate gypsy moths. As Carson saw it, the federal government, when in industrys thrall, was part of the problem.
Thats one reason that she didnt call for sweeping federal regulation. Instead, she argued that citizens had the right to know how
pesticides were being used on their private property. She was reiterating a central tenet of Silent Spring: If the Bill of Rights
contains no guarantee that a citizen shall be secure against lethal poisons distributed either by private individuals or by public

Carson as a child, reading to her dog Candy. Carson family photograph, from the Rachel Carson

Council.

officials, it is surely only because our forefathers, despite their considerable wisdom and foresight, could conceive of no such
problem. She advocated for the birth of a grass-roots movement led by concerned citizens who would form nongovernmental
groups that she called citizens brigades.

The results of her efforts were mixed, and even her allies have different opinions of what Carsons legacy actually means. Carson is
widely credited with banning DDT, by both her supporters and her detractors. The truth is a little more complicated. When Silent
Spring was published, DDT production was nearing its peak; in 1963, U.S. companies manufactured about 90,000 tons. But by the
following year, DDT production in America was already on the wane. Despite the pesticide manufacturers aggression toward
Carson and her book, there was mounting evidence that some insects were increasingly resistant to DDT, as Carson claimed. After
Roland Clement testified before the Senate subcommittee, he says, Senator Abraham Ribicoff, the Democrat from Connecticut who
was chairman of the committee, pulled him aside. He told me that the chemical companies were willing to stop domestic use of
DDT, Clement says, but only if they could strike a bargain: as long as Carson and Clement would accept the companies continued
export of DDT to foreign countries, the companies would consider the end of domestic use. Their message was clear, Clement says:
Dont mess with the boys and their business.

Though Clement was a supporter of Carsons, he believes that she got both too much credit and too much blame after Silent Spring
came out. Its a fabrication to say that shes the founder of the environmental movement, Clement says. She stirred the pot. Thats
all. It wasnt until 1972, eight years after Carsons death, that the United States banned the domestic sale of DDT, except where
public health concerns warranted its use. American companies continued to export the pesticide until the mid-1980s. (China stopped
manufacturing DDT in 2007. In 2009, India, the only country to produce the pesticide at the time, made 3,653 tons.)

The early activists of the new environmental movement had several successes attributed to Carson from the Clean Air and Water
Acts to the establishment of Earth Day to President Nixons founding of the Environmental Protection Agency, in 1970. But if Silent
Spring can be credited with launching a movement, it also sowed the seeds of its own destruction.

The well-financed counterreaction to Carsons book was a prototype for the brand of attack now regularly made by super-PACs in
everything from debates about carbon emissions to new energy sources. As soon as Silent Spring is serialized, the chemical
companies circle the wagons and build up a war chest, Souder says. This is how the environment became such a bitter partisan
battle.

In a move worthy of Citizens United, the chemical industry undertook an expensive negative P.R. campaign, which included
circulating The Desolate Year, a parody of A Fable for Tomorrow that mocked its woeful tone. The parody, which was sent out to
newspapers around the country along with a five-page fact sheet, argued that without pesticides, America would be overrun by
insects and Americans would not be able to grow enough food to survive.

One reason that today no single book on, say, climate change could have the influence that Silent Spring did, Souder argues, is the
five decades of political fracturing that followed its publication. The politicized and partisan reaction created by Silent Spring has
hardened over the past 50 years, Souder says. Carson may have regarded Silent Spring and stewardship of the environment as a

Carson testifying before a Senate subcommittee on pesticides in 1963. Associated Press

unifying issue for humankind, but a result has been an increasingly factionalized arena.

Carson was among the first environmentalists of the modern era to be charged with using soft science and with cherry-picking
studies to suit her ideology. Fifty years later, the attacks on Carson continue. Her opponents hold her responsible for the death of
millions of African children from malaria; in Michael Crichtons novel State of Fear, one character says that banning DDT killed
more people than Hitler, a sentiment Crichton publicly agreed with. The Web site rachelwaswrong.org, which is run by the
Competitive Enterprise Institute, a free-market advocacy group based in Washington, makes a similar charge: Today, millions of
people around the world suffer the painful and often deadly effects of malaria because one person sounded a false alarm.

But much of Carsons science was accurate and forward-looking. Dr. Theo Colborn, an environmental health analyst and co-author of
a 1996 book, Our Stolen Future, about endocrine disrupters the chemicals that can interfere with the bodys hormone system
points out that Carson was on the cutting edge of the science of her day. If Rachel had lived, she said, we might have actually
found out about endocrine disruption two generations ago.

Today, from Rachel Carsons old bedroom window in Springdale, you can see the smokestacks of the Cheswick coal-fired power plant
less than a mile away: an older red-and-white, candy-striped stack and a newer one, called a scrubber, installed in 2010 to remove
sulfur dioxide. It later needed repairs, but with the approval of the Allegheny County Health Department, it stayed open, and the
plant operated for three months without full emission controls. The plants says it is in compliance with current E.P.A. emissions
standards for coal-fired plants, though new ones will take full effect in 2016.

Springdales board of supervisors supports the plants business. As David Finley, president of Springdale Borough put it, the noise
from the plant used to bother a handful of residents, but it sounds like money to many others. The plant buys fresh water from an
underground river that runs through the borough and has paid for things like Little League uniforms and repairs to the municipal
swimming pool. Springdale has been nicknamed Power City since the days Carson lived there. The high-school sports teams are
called the Dynamos; their mascot is Reddy Kilowatt, the cartoon character of the electricity lobby.

A few months ago, two citizens in Springdale volunteered to be representatives in a class-action suit, which charges that the coal-
fired plant installed limited technology to control emissions that they claim are damaging 1,500 households. One of the plaintiffs,
Kristie Bell, is a 33-year-old health care employee who lives in a two-story yellow-brick house with a broad front porch, a few blocks
from Carsons childhood home. Bell said it was Silent Spring that encouraged her to step forward. Rachel Carson is a huge
influence, Bell said, sitting at her kitchen table after work on a sultry evening last summer. Shes a motivator. For Bell, Carsons
message is a call to mothers to stand up against industry to protect the health of their families.

Detractors have argued that the lawsuit is the creation of personal-injury attorneys. (Because of the difficulty of making a clear
health case, the plaintiffs are claiming property damage caused by corrosive ash.) But Bell said that its not about money. I never
sit outside on my front porch because I dont know whats coming out of that smokestack, she said. One hundred years ago, when
Carson was a child, residents of Springdale had the same concern one that informed Carsons worldview. When we start messing
around with Mother Nature, Bell said, bad things happen.

Describe an ethical issue that has occurred in the workplace and the impact on patient/families and healthcare workers.

Describes an ethical issue that has occurred in the workplace and the impact on patient/families and healthcare workers
Analyzes ethical issue using ethical principles.
Discusses Provisions of the Code of Ethics for Nurses, 2015 that were not upheld for this issue.

Does not identify an ethical issue that has occurred in the workplace.
Does not relate/minimally relates ethical principles to the ethical issue.

AND/OR

No discussion of Code of Ethics for Nurses.

0-20 points

Describes an ethical issue that has occurred in the workplace.
Minimal analysis /minimal discussion of ethical principles.
No discussion of Code of Ethics for Nurses.

21-23 points

Describes an ethical issue that has occurred in the workplace.
Analyzes of ethical issue using 2 ethical principles.
States a specific area of Code of Ethics for Nurses, 2015 that was not upheld for this issue.

24-27 points

Thoroughly describes an ethical issue that has occurred in the workplace.
Analyzes ethical issue using 3
or more ethical principles.
Discusses Provisions of the Code of Ethics for Nurses, 2015 that were not upheld for this issue.

28-30 points

Applies the Ethical Decision-making Model (30%) Use an ethical decision-making model to analyze the issue. Makes recommendations of how this issue can best be addressed in the future.

Does not use the Integrated ethical-decision making tool to analyze the issue.
Provides an incomplete analysis of the issue.
Recommendation is brief, unclear, or does not represent an appropriate way to address the issue,

no recommendation is present.

0-20 points

Refers to the Integrated Ethical
Decision-making model to analyze the issue.
Misses analysis of some steps of the ethical decision-making model. No discussion provided.
Makes 2 recommendations of how this issue can best be addressed in the future.

21-23 points

Uses each step of the Integrated Ethical Decision-making model to analyze the issue with limited discussion of application to the issue.
Provides 2 substantive recommendations of how this issue can best be addressed in the future.

24-27 points

Writes each step and explicitly
uses each step of the Integrated Ethical decision-making model to thoroughly analyze the issue.
Makes 3 substantive recommendations of how this issue can best be addressed and resolved in the future with rationale.

28-30 points

Varying Points of View of Issue and Personal View (20%)

Discusses varying viewpoints about ethical issues in the workplace. Include their values,
beliefs and culture that affect their views.

Discusses personal view of the issue and relates it to your
Personal Ethical lens.

Does not identify or minimally
identifies

varying viewpoints about the issue.

Minimal/no description of the impact of
ethical issue on patient/families, and healthcare workers.

Does not discuss personal view or relate issue to the Personal Ethical Lens.

0-13 points

Identifies varying viewpoints about the issue, and the impact on patient/families and healthcare workers.

AND

Identifies personal view of the issue but does not relate to the Personal Ethical Lens.

14-15 points

Discusses varying viewpoints about the issue, and the impact on patient/families and healthcare workers

AND

Discusses personal view of the issue and how it relates to the Personal Ethical Lens.

List the pros and cons about the ways the discussed databases have been used.

Assignment Question: List the pros and cons about the ways the discussed databases have been used. Your responses should show that you’ve thought about your classmates’ initial posts. Your responses should continue the conversation, offer new ideas, and ask questions if something doesn’t make sense, if necessary.Peer Post # 1Hello everyone, my name is Karina. Im studying for a BS in computer science with a concentration in software engineering. I’m from Puerto Rico, and have also lived in New York and Miami. Ive been teaching English in Japan for the last 9 years, but I want to start a career as a software or web developer. I hope this course will help me to learn about databases and how to design and implement them effectively so I can create great software or websites. Many years ago, I used to work at a library and often used a database to look for patrons, lend books out to them, see what books they were currently borrowing, what books they ordered or had on hold, if they had any overdue books. Of course, I also used the database of books themselves to look for books by author, title, genre, etc., and their location in the library or if they were in other library branches. It made our job easier, since we could find the information we needed quickly with the scan of a barcode or typing in the search box. More recently, I’d been studying web development and created a website with a database using MongoDB. The idea was that users could curate a list of their favorite restaurants (including information like address, kind of food, any extra comments), then the website would randomly suggest a restaurant from that database when users were hungry but couldn’t decide on a place to eat. To make a diagram of a database, we need to know what kind of information will be stored in the database, how it is broken up and (if it’s a relational database) the relationships and connections between them. We must also think about who will be using the database and why.Peer Post # 2My name is Dante, and I am super excited to start learning about databases and how to navigate them. I am currently pursuing my bachelor’s degree in cyber security in hopes of becoming a penetrator tester someday. I am from Colorado Springs, Colorado, and live with my beautiful wife and our 4 kids. I chose the cyber security field because I have always had an interest in computers and how they work and thought how cool it would be to understand the security part of it. I am not entirely sure if this would be considered as using a database, however, the computer that I am currently using to attend school at one time would not boot up past the manufacturer screen because I had uploaded driver updates to my graphics card that wasnt designed for mine specifically. When I did get lucky enough to get to my desktop it would immediately crash. I had spent countless hours attempting to wipe the computer clean and start fresh and nothing would work. So eventually I came across instructions online that required me to use the command prompt and enter in queries very similar to the ones I have read about in chapter one. They had to be identical and were case sensitive and if I missed one character, I received an error. I ultimately was able to reset my computer back to the factory settings and it has worked perfectly fine since. At the time I was afraid that I would spend as much money as I did for my computer not to work. Information that I would need to make a diagram of a database could vary depending on what information is being tracked. First and foremost, you would need knowledge of how to insert the data as well as how to navigate within the database. You also need to know how to create the tables within the database. Other information that would be needed would be things such as names, ID numbers, population sizes, pricing, and etc.