As a way to address the crime that occurred in the criminal case you found, write a proposal for a new or changed process or practice that is based on a victimization theory.

 
As a way to address the crime that occurred in the criminal case you found, write a proposal for a new or changed process or practice that is based on a victimization theory.
Part I (250–500 words)

Explain how the applicable theory or theories could apply to the case you found.

Part II (500–750 words)

Choose one theory of focus that applies to the case.
Identify an existing process or practice that would benefit from a change.

For the purpose of this assignment, consider a process or practice to be an action that can be taken at the day-to-day level, such as employing certain interview techniques, increasing patrols, improving response times, etc.

Explain why that change would be beneficial.
Propose the following to address the circumstances in your chosen case:

A theory-based process or practice change that could help prevent another occurrence of the crime.
A theory-based process or practice change that could improve outcomes for the victim.

Explain how this type of change could create positive social change.

Be sure to draw upon examples from the case you selected and the Learning Resources to support your response.

Explain which ART option you would recommend to Melissa who was recently diagnosed with endometrial cancer.

Melissa is a 38-year-old woman who was recently diagnosed with endometrial cancer. After consulting with her gynecologist and oncologist, a hysterectomy was selected as the course of treatment. The oncologist removed Melissa’s uterus and cervix, but left her ovaries intact. No cancer was detected in her ovaries, and they showed signs of continuing ovulation.
Using your textbook, as well as some additional resources, conduct research regarding the Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) options Melissa has if she decides that she wants a biological child. 
Once you are familiar with ART and Melissa’s options, share your knowledge with your classmates by starting a thread which addresses the following topics:

Explain which ART option you would recommend to Melissa who was recently diagnosed with endometrial cancer
State the steps involved (from beginning to the birth of the child).
Explain the steps involved in this process for Melissa.
What are some benefits of using the ART process?
What are some drawbacks of using the ART process?

Cite all facts and/or ideas that are not your own! Proofread the content of your posts before making them public; correct spelling, proper grammar and sentence structure are expected.

Select a company, small or large, whose practices you will review.Identify at least one possible risk in the current practice/potential practice that could limit the effectiveness of COSOs internal control framework. How would you discover and fix this issue?

Internal Control Framework
Select a company, small or large, whose practices you will review. You may alternatively use a company you would like to start.In a paper of 4–5 pages:

Evaluate the company’s practices against COSO’s internal control frameworks. If you chose a company that you would like to start, then you are going to establish the COSO internal controls based on your selection of the company’s operations.
Identify at least one possible risk in the current practice/potential practice that could limit the effectiveness of COSO’s internal control framework. How would you discover and fix this issue?
Use three sources to support your writing. Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate. Cite each source listed on your source slide at least one time within your assignment. For help with research, writing, and citation, access the library or review library guides.

Describe in detail a strange “coincidence” that you cannot explain and that might best be explained by Jung’s ideas.

Have you ever dreamt of someone that you hadn’t seen for a long time and they call you out of the blue?  Have you ever had an uncanny “coincidence” that you cannot explain?  Maybe you hurt yourself and your mother jumped out of bed feeling like something had happened to you?  Carl Jung developed a controversial idea of a part of the mind called the “collective unconscious” where he believed that we are all connected to each-others thoughts and experiences.  He stated that because of this, people sometimes experience something he called moments of “synchronicity” or strange coincidence.  These often happen in dreams but not always.Please describe in detail a strange “coincidence” that you cannot explain and that might best be explained by Jung’s ideas.  Note: your book doesn’t talk too much about synchronicity, so refer to the Token Rock website.In response to your peers, please share your experience if you’ve had a similar dream.  If you’ve never experienced something like this, please share something that you’ve heard from someone else. 

After you have read the Week 5 lecture and watched the film 12 Angry Men describe What was more important in the process of swaying the jurors minds: facts or opinions? How was Juror 8 effective in using both facts and opinions to create doubt among the other participants?

  Using the information from the Week 4 lecture, you will analize the film 12 Angry Men and its characters from a communications perspective.You must watch the film in its entirety, take notes and answer the specific questions posted in the Week 5 Discussion Board forum. You may want to have the questions with you as you watch the movie.Go to Just Watch It to rent the movie for $3.99 in most streaming services. You can choose which service you prefer.Pay close attention to the plot and the characters in the 1957 film. While the group communications methods are in person and may seem old-fashioned, the exchanges are valuable as guides of what is effective and what is not in a group environment. The setting in the film may not be viewed by all as a professional setting, but it is. The men who gather are strangers to each other. They must (or should) be professional using all tips noted in the Week 4 lecture, they must (or should) show respect, and they must work toward one, unified goal. Enjoy the film. NOTE:Although 12 Angry Men is still considered a standard for depicting what happens inside a jury room, it is not without its problems. For instance, you will notice the jury is made up of all men. The play on which this film is based was written in the days before women were allowed to serve on juries in most jurisdictoins. BackgroundIn England before the 15th century, juries were chosen among people who actually knew something about the customs of the people and the locale in question. The modern jury dates from the 15th century when English Common Law judges began to instruct juries on the law and restrict them to finding the facts from the evidence presented at the trial. Under the U.S. Constitution, a person is entitled to a jury of his peers. This doesn’t mean that the jurors must come from the same racial, ethnic, or cultural background as the defendant, but rather that no particular race or ethnic background can be excluded from the jury selection process. The discussion the men are having about how to treat the youth of the slums is a perennial debate in American Society. See Boys Town.When a jury begins to analyze the facts of a case, the application of twelve minds to a set of circumstances is an amazing and awesome process. Attorneys who have often worked on a case for years will miss facts brought out by the jurors. An example from the film is the jury’s analysis of the marks made on the nose of the eyewitness by her glasses. Jurors often find that their original positions are changed by the discussion during deliberations. The film is true to life. On rare occasions, a position that was held by only one dissenting juror has eventually been adopted by the rest of the jury, as occurs in this movie.12 Angry Men has been shown to law school and business school classes as a study in the jury system and as an example of effective persuasion.Due Process of Law

is a set of procedures designed to make sure that people are treated fairly by the government;
is based on the idea that a person cannot be deprived of life, liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards;
includes, at least, the right to notice, an opportunity to be heard, and protection from an unreasonable or capricious result;
is a flexible concept and requires different procedures in different situations; for example, the due process requirements for a criminal case are more stringent than due process requirements for a civil case because a criminal conviction carries potential incarceration, a heavier punishment than mere loss of money; and
requires more protections in a court case than in an administrative proceeding; in an administrative hearing the decision must be reasonable but it doesn’t have to meet the standards of beyond a reasonable doubt or even a preponderance of the evidence.
Due process is more than just important. It is essential in a government of ordered liberty because it is important to individuals that when the government makes a decision affecting them, that the decision be made fairly. If the government takes action without due process, it will lose the loyalty of its citizens.

After you have read the Week 5 lecture and watched the film 12 Angry Men answer the following questions:

Describe the plot/premise of the movie in one sentence.
What is the goal?
There is a jury foreman. Is he the leader of this group? If so, why? If not, who is the leader and what does the jury foreman do wrong?
The dissenting juror (Juror # 8) may have suspected that the young man killed his father. Why does he still argue that the young man should be acquitted of the charges?
How did Juror 8 stand out from the other jurors? Why was this important to the story?
How does he persuade the other jurors to change their minds? Using what style/type of communication.
What was more important in the process of swaying the jurors’ minds: facts or opinions? How was Juror 8 effective in using both facts and opinions to create doubt among the other participants?
Pick another juror. How does his personal live affect how they communicate to the others?
What are some of the characteristics of the jurors? How did this make them more empathetic or more hostile toward the defendant?
What are some of the non-verbal cues that communicate a character’s feelings or opinions?
Does non-verbal communication play a role in the voting or decisions by the jurors? Explain.
Which juror’s communication style most resembles your communication style in a group or professional setting and why?

What experiences did John Smith write about? How much veracity is there to what he recorded about his experiences?

 
The assignment is credit/no credit and you will receive 30 points once you earn you credit (and if you go above and beyond you can earn 10 points of extra credit).

Each answer should be a paragraph to several paragraphs long and fully address all parts of the question
If your answer(s) are either inaccurate or are not sufficiently thorough you may be allowed to do a redo depending on the quality of your attempt
This assignment is due on Sunday, no late work is accepted.

if you would like to download a sample of a very good After the Fact answer from an actual student in U.S. History 2. 
So first you need to read the chapter, and then answer the following 3 questions:

What experiences did John Smith write about? How much veracity is there to what he recorded about his experiences?
Who was Sir Edwin Sandys, and how did his policies and reforms impact the colony?
Why was labor critical to the boom economy, and in what ways did planters acquire that labor? What kinds of abuses did the labor system spawn?

Data MiningCluster Analysis: Advanced Concepts and Algorithms Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of treating clustering as an optimization problem.

  
Chapter 9 : Data MiningCluster Analysis: Advanced Concepts and Algorithms – Check Point
Answer the following questions. Please ensure to use the Author, YYYY APA citations with any content brought into the assignment.  

For sparse data, discuss why considering only the presence of non-zero values might give a more accurate view of the objects than considering the actual magnitudes of values. When would such an approach not be desirable?
Describe the change in the time complexity of K-means as the number of clusters to be found increases.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of treating clustering as an optimization problem. Among other factors, consider efficiency, non-determinism, and whether an optimization-based approach captures all types of clusterings that are of interest.
What is the time and space complexity of fuzzy c-means? Of SOM? How do these complexities compare to those of K-means?
Explain the difference between likelihood and probability.
Give an example of a set of clusters in which merging based on the closeness of clusters leads to a more natural set of clusters than merging based on the strength of the connection (interconnectedness) of clusters.

Create a Blog Post About How to Ethically Review and Write About Academic Literature

CreateaBlogPostAboutHowtoEthicallyReviewandWriteAboutAcademicLiteratureandAvoidPlagiarism.docx

The concepts and practices associated with academic research and writing with integrity are intricate, interwoven, and essential parts of completing advanced graduate studies, be it an EdS, or a terminal degree such as an EdD, or PhD. While we do offer software such as Grammarly and Turnitin that will help you catch errors in your work, it’s important to understand how to avoid issues such as plagiarism, to begin with, and how to hone your skills in conducting academic research. Do one of the following:

Conducting Academic Research

One of the most challenging parts of scholarship is the actual process of finding, reading, and synthesizing literature. Thankfully, we have the support to help!  Our library offers 1:1 appointments and consultations about research, how to get started, understanding research software and more.  Further, we aim to support students in their literature searches through support areas including how to search for literature, evaluating research, finding similar resources, and more!  Please check out the links in the LibGuide to navigate!
While there is no one “right” way to conduct academic research, our librarians can help you navigate what can be a tricky process.

Complete plagiarism-the intentional use of another’s complete material claimed as your own.

Direct plagiarism-word for word copy/paste of another’s materials. “Direct” differs from complete in how much of the work is plagiarized.

Paraphrasing plagiarism-Making only minor changes to another’s materials and not including citation.

Self-Plagiarism-Reusing your own work without attribution. Keep this in mind as you move from class to class, you cannot simply re-use parts of your work. However, you can and will reuse parts of your dissertation, when you are drafting it. You’ll work through those processes at that time.

Patchwork Plagiarism-Also known as mosaic plagiarism: Using part of another’s work woven into your own work, without attribution.

Source-based plagiarism-Sometimes known as attribution plagiarism: Use of others work (and with attribution), but in a way that is misleading or inaccurate.

Accidental plagiarism-Unintentional lack of acknowledgement to others.

Remember, plagiarism is not just about text, but about graphics as well, so you must not only accurately source your materials, but honestly and ethically represent them as well.

Academic Integrity Violations

An academic integrity violation (AIV) is what we use as a warning to students that they have committed a form (intentional or unintentional) of plagiarism.   Often, these violations come from high scores on a Turnitin report, but that is not the only way a faculty member may become aware of an integrity violation. 
One of the best ways to avoid an AIV is to learn the rules of the road about plagiarism, in all its forms, and how you can avoid it.  An AIV is not an automatic dismissal from your course or program, but rather a learning moment for you. The severity of the AIV will dictate the next course of action

Understanding University Expectations

Once you have an idea of what you need to do to ensure your academic success and write in a scholarly voice, it is important to understand your university’s expectations. To understand our expectations, take a look at Great Start’s Unit Four: Expectations to understand the culture of the university, review policies and procedures, and get some tips on engaging with faculty and your course. Now that you have had a general overview of Academic integrity, you will explore specifically how our resources can help you to write and cite with confidence and integrity. When you are finished with Unit Four, complete the checklist and quiz and take stock of your experience with this unit. You will utilize your knowledge of academic resources, plagiarism, and academic integrity to complete this week’s blog post. 

Instructions

For this 10-point assignment, use what you learned in this lesson and in Great Start‘s Unit 4: Expectations (
the information above will help you) to create a blog post that focuses on how to ethically conduct and write about academic literature and avoid plagiarism.
This blog should include up to 1,000 words.
I will create the blog, you just provide text about how to ethically conduct and write about academic literature and avoid plagiarism.

Cutri, J., Abraham, A., Karlina, Y., Patel, S. V., Moharami, M., Zeng, S., Manzari, E., & Pretorius, L. (2021). Academic integrity at doctoral level: The influence of the imposter phenomenon and cultural differences on academic writing. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 17(1).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40979-021-00074-w-look -look up this resource use in the BLOG and other sources that could help support this BLOG!

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Can you tell the difference between various soft drinks without using your sense of smell, covering your nose while drinking?

Project
Think of a Question
: Can you tell the difference between various soft drinks without using your sense of smell, covering your nose while drinking?

1- State Your Hypothesis
Based on your research, decide what you think the outcome of the project will be and make a good guess as to what you think the answer to your question will be.
Also explain WHY you think that will be the outcome. Remember, it is ok if you don’t have the right answer; that is how scientists make discoveries. Make sure that your hypothesis is written in a complete sentence.
Start by listing some possible outcomes or answers to your question.
2- Decide which outcome is most likely. This will be your hypothesis. Clearly write your hypothesis in complete sentences.
3- Design Your Experiment
clearly write out the procedure you are going to follow. Remember that your experiment needs to follow the scientific process and that you need to have one variable that you are going to change (independent variable). There are three variables in a scientific experiment: independent, dependent, and controlled.
The independent variable is the one, and only one, variable you will change.
The dependent variables are those being observed and measured throughout the experiment.
The controlled variables are those that remain constant and allows you, the scientist, to understand how the experiment would react under normal circumstances
Independent variable:
Dependent variables:
Controlled variables:
4- Materials
List all materials needed to complete the experiment. Be specific about type, size, brand etc
5- Procedure
Write out each step of your experiment. Remember to number each step and clearly explain what to do. Other scientists should be able to follow the same steps and get similar results.
6- Scientists conduct an experiment many times in order to get the most accurate dais, so make sure you also conduct your experiment multiple times. During your experiment you need to collect data and make observations. You will record these in your Experiment Log. After you have completed the experiment use your log to write down the data and observations below. In your log you will need to:
Collect Data – you will need to collect numerical data; that means you need to take measurements during the experiment. Measurements can be temperature, distance, height, etc. Creating a chart is a helpful way to organize your data. You will analyze the data later to determine the results of your experiment.
Make Observations – as you conduct your experiment you will use your senses (sight, smell, touch, etc.) and write down any observations you make during the process.
Observations:
7- Data
8- Determine the Results
Now it is time to review your data and observations to find out what happened during the experiment. Think about the best way to show your data: bar graph, line graph, chart, etc, and then create a table or a graph below. This visual wit help you analyze your data for trends.
Results
Use this space, or a separate sheet in your notebook, to sketch 1 or more tables, charts, or graphs to analyze your data.
9- Determine the Results
You will also write out the results of each test in the experiment in paragraph form using complete sentences. Make sure that you include the numerical data (measurements) as well as any other important observations that you made.
10- Conclusions
Analyze the results and determine how the results helps you answer your project Question. Write your answer in a complete sentence using the question to begin your answer. You also need to tell whether your hypothesis was supported or if the results contradict the hypothesis. If it was not supported, explain why you think so. End this paragraph by saying how you would change or improve your experiment in the future.
Answer to your project question: _
Did the results support or contradict the hypothesis? Explain.
How would you improve or change the experiment?
11- Display board
Now that you have completed your experiment you will begin setting up your display board to communicate the results of your experiment to others.
Remember, the board is graded on the information you present, not how colorful or pretty it looks. Your display board must have All of the following components located in the same places.
Other board guidelines:
• ??Font should be easy to read and at least a size of 16pt or greater.
• ?Photos should not include faces of students.
• ?Information on the board can be typed or written neatly by hand.

12- The abstract is a short version of your science fair final report. It should be no more than 250 words. Most of the information you will put in your abstract is already written, you will just need to copy it over. You must have the following
five components in your abstract:
Introduction
Project Question
Procedures
Results
Conclusions
The only new thing you will need to write is the Introduction. This is where you describe the purpose for doing this experiment or project. Tell why people should care about the work you did. How does your experiment give us new science information? Can this information be used to improve our lives? If so, how? This is where you want to interest the reader in your project and motivate them to read the rest of it.
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Eplain the Components to Determine if IRB Submission is Needed.

The Institutional Review Board (IRB) exists to ensure the ethical treatment and rights of human participants in research studies. Its goal is to safeguard human subjects’ rights, welfare, and well-being, balancing the pursuit of knowledge with the dignity and autonomy of individuals involved in the research. 
Explain the Components to Determine if IRB Submission is Needed:
1. Human Participants: If your research involves human subjects in any capacity, be it through interviews, surveys, or direct interventions, IRB oversight is generally necessary.
2. Data Privacy: If personally identifiable information is collected where participants can be identified directly or through identifiers linked to them, an IRB review becomes necessary.
3. Physical Procedures: Involvement in procedures like medical examinations, sample collection, or drug administration typically requires IRB oversight.
4. Psychological Stress or Harm: Studies that might introduce emotional, psychological, or social stress to participants often need IRB approval.
5. Vulnerable Populations: Projects involving children, prisoners, pregnant women, or other vulnerable groups usually undergo stricter scrutiny and demand IRB review.
6. Risk and Benefits Assessment
: Any research that poses more than minimal risk to participants—i.e., beyond the risks of daily life—will typically need a review.

Example from Literature Review:

In the article by Cima et al. (2011) titled “Use of Lean and Six Sigma Methodology to improve operating room efficiency,” the researchers conducted direct observations in the operating room. They interacted with the healthcare staff to assess and improve efficiency.

Reason for IRB Approval:

1.
Human Participants: The study involved human subjects as they directly observed the activities and procedures conducted by the operating room staff. This observation could have influenced the behavior of the staff, introducing a form of intervention.

2.
Data Privacy: Observations made in the operating room could have collected information that could lead back to specific patients or healthcare providers if not correctly made anonymously.

3.
Physical and Psychological Stress: Any change or observation in a high-stress environment, like an operating room, can introduce potential risks or alter routines, leading to psychological or emotional stress for the staff involved.

Given the above factors, IRB approval was essential to ensure the ethical conduct of the study, protect the privacy of the staff and patients, and ensure the validity of the data collected.

References:

· Cima, R. R., et al. (2011). Use of Lean and Six Sigma methodology to improve operating room efficiency.
Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 213(1), 83-92.

Because of the unethical treatment of human subjects in the past such as unethical Nazi research and the Tuskeegee Airmen, much has been done to ensure the protection of subjects involved in research (Barrow, et al, 2022). There are multiple aspects to look at when determining if a study should go before a review board. Things to consider are: data obtained that is identifiable or private, is the data obtained as part of a classroom exercise or to be used outside of the class, the data is derived from living individuals, and will the data contribute to the body of knowledge publicly. 
One article that I used was Cernelic-Bizjak et al, (2022) who was studying the effect of the Pandemic and Nursing Education outcomes. This study was a primary study who surveyed the data from thousands of nursing students across multiple schools in an effort to obtain data. IRB approval was submitted due to the inclusion of a large quantity of individuals that was not limited to a single classroom or program. Information that was sought after was not publicly available and was to be obtained by interacting with thousands of subjects. Also, the data derived from the study was to be used for the benefit outside of a single organization and for the greater knowledge.  
 
Barrow JM, Brannan GD, Khandhar PB (2022). Research ethics.
StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Available from:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459281/

Links to an external site.

Cernelic-Bizjak, M & Dolenc, P. (2022) Relationship between nursing students’ attitudes toward nursing profession and online learning satisfaction during COVID-19 lockown.
Plos One.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277198

Links to an external site.

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